The current investigations concentrate on the relation between the loading and environmental conditions, the local microstructure and the fatigue behavior of highly stressed railway wheel and tire steels. Experiments under stress control and total strain control were performed at ambient temperature with servohydraulic testing systems. Superimposed mean loadings allow an evaluation of cyclic creep and mean stress relaxation effects. Strain, temperature and electrical measuring techniques were used to characterize the cyclic deformation behavior of specimens from different depth positions of the cross-sections of UIC-specified wheel components (UIC: International Railway Union). The measured values show a strong interrelation. The microstructural characterization of the different material conditions was done by light and scanning electron microscopy together with digital image processing.

Local cyclic deformation behavior and microstructure of railway wheel materials

Das Wechselverformnungsverhalten unlegierter normalisierter Stahle mit Kohlenstoffgehalten 0,1 ≤ C ≤ 1.05 (in Masse-%) ist in totaldehnungskontrollierten mitteldehnungsfreien Versuchen durch ausgepragte zyklische Entfestigungs- und schwache Verfestigungsvorgange gekennzeichnet. Die zyklischen Spannungs-Dehnungskurven werden mit wachsendem Kohlenstoffgehalt zu groseren Spannungsamplituden verschoben. Die mittelspannungsfrei ermittelten zyklischen Spannungs-Dehnungskurven unlegierter Stahle sind unabhangig von der Versuchsfuhrung. Die Ubergangslastspielzahl, bei der in der Dehnungswohlerlinie ea,e = ea,p wird, verschiebt sich mit wachsendem Kohlenstoffgehalt zu kleineren Werten.



In total strain-controlled tests without mean strain the cyclic deformation behaviour of unalloyed normalized steels with carbon contents 0,1 ≤ C ≤ 1,05 (wt.-%) is characterized by pronounced softening and slight hardening processes. With increasing carbon content the cyclic deformation curves are shifted to higher stress amplitudes. Cyclic stress strain curves of unalloyed steels determined in tests without mean load are independent of the testing procedure. With increasing carbon content the number of cycles for ea,e = ea,p (transition point) of strain-controlled SN-curves is shifted to smaller values.

Das totaldehnungskontrollierte Wechselverformungsverhalten unlegierter Stähle im normalisierten Zustand bei Raumtemperatur

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Das totaldehnungskontrollierte Wechselverformungsverhalten unlegierter Stähle im normalisierten Zustand bei Raumtemperatur