Considering energy consumption, hardware requirements, and the need of high localization accuracy, we proposed a power efficient range-free localization algorithm for wireless sensor networks. In the proposed algorithm, anchor node communicates to unknown nodes only one time by which anchor nodes inform about their coordinates to unknown nodes. By calculating hop-size of anchor nodes at unknown nodes one complete communication between anchor node and unknown node is eliminated which drastically reduce the energy consumption of nodes. Further, unknown node refines estimated hop-size for better estimation of distance from the anchor nodes. Moreover, using average hop-size of anchor nodes, unknown node calculates distance from all anchor nodes. To reduce error propagation, involved in solving for location of unknown node, a new procedure is adopted. Further, unknown node upgrades its location by exploiting the obtained information in solving the system of equations. In mathematical analysis we prove that proposed algorithm has lesser propagation error than distance vector-hop (DV-Hop) and other considered improved DV-Hop algorithms. Simulation experiments show that our proposed algorithm has better localization performance, and is more computationally efficient than DV-Hop and other compared improved DV-Hop algorithms.

Power efficient range-free localization algorithm for wireless sensor networks

Localization is one of the key concepts in wireless sensor networks. Different techniques and measures to calculate the location of unknown nodes were introduced in recent past. But the issue of nodes’ mobility requires more attention. The algorithms introduced earlier to support mobility lack the utilization of the anchor nodes’ privileges. Therefore, in this article, an improved DV-Hop localization algorithm is introduced that supports the mobility of anchor nodes as well as unknown nodes. Coordination of anchor nodes creates a minimum connected dominating set that works as a backbone in the proposed algorithm. The focus of the research paper is to locate unknown nodes with the help of anchor nodes by utilizing the network resources efficiently. The simulated results in network simulator-2 and the statistical analysis of the data provide a clear impression that our novel algorithm improves the error rate and the time consumption.

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1550147718755636

An improved DV-Hop localization with minimum connected dominating set for mobile nodes in wireless sensor networks:

In this paper, the self-localization problem is studied. It is one of the key technologies in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). And five localization algorithms: Centroid algorithm, Amorphous algorithm, DV-hop algorithm, APIT algorithm and Bounding Box algorithm are discussed. Simulation of those five localization algorithms is done by MATLAB. The simulation results show that the positioning error of Amorphous algorithm is the minimum. Considering economy and localization accuracy, the Amorphous algorithm can achieve the best localization performance under certain conditions.

/pdf/analysis-of-five-typical-localization-algorithms-for-2eqxxfxmr8.pdf

Analysis of Five Typical Localization Algorithms for Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is emerging as a key tool for data acquisition in many applications, and localization algorithms of the sensors have a vital importance due to the intrinsic characteristics of this type of networks. The objective of this paper is to propose an algorithm of range-free localization for WSNs using a mobile beacon node equipped with a rotary directional antenna. The azimuthally defined area localization algorithm (ADAL) is executed in each sensor node and is based only on the analysis of the information received from the mobile beacon node, therefore is energy efficient and contributes to extend the lifetime of the sensor network. Additionally the proposed algorithm has the advantage of being simple and economical. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is a practical, effective and accurate method to localize sensor nodes in a WSN.

ADAL: A distributed range-free localization algorithm based on a mobile beacon for wireless sensor networks

Recursive and ad hoc routing based localization in wireless sensor networks

The localization is an important issue in wireless sensor networks(WSN). As one of the range-free localization algorithms, DV-Hop can be simply implemented in real WSN. To improve the accuracy of localization, three improved algorithms are proposed based on the characteristic of DV-Hop with the first one based on secondary reference node, the second one based on the node of last hop, and the third based on Max-Min method. The basic principles and the approaches of implementation of the algorithms are introduced. Localization algorithms run on a single simulation platform are compared. Analyze the three algorithms in different anchor nodes ratio scenarios, the effect of the localization error and coverage. Simulation experiments validate the correctness and the feasibility of the algorithms.

Improvement of DV-Hop Localization Algorithms for Wireless Sensor Networks

Based on the characteristics of DV-Distance, an improved algorithm for wireless sensor networks is proposed. The main principle of the improved algorithm is introducing of the straight line/polyline ratio of and the hops between the anchors, reducing the cumulated distance error and location precision error. The simulation results show that the improved algorithm increased the location precision.

A Location Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Networks

Research of wireless ad hoc sensor network communication topology based on power distribu-tion network: Research of wireless ad hoc sensor network communication topology based on power distribu-tion network

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Improvement of DV-Hop Localization Algorithms for Wireless Sensor Networks

A Location Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Networks

Research of wireless ad hoc sensor network communication topology based on power distribu-tion network: Research of wireless ad hoc sensor network communication topology based on power distribu-tion network