Omosita colon (Linnaeus, 1758) (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) is an economically important storage pest worldwide and a forensically important beetle. The first complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome...

Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of Omosita colon (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae).

Simple Summary To improve the control of stored-grain pests and protect the environment, the use of natural enemies is attracting increasing attention. Cheyletus malaccensis and Cheyletus eruditus are effective natural enemies of common stored-grain pests, such as Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel. To evaluate the predation potential of these two types of predatory mites, this study was conducted by comparing the life histories of two predatory mites and the functional responses on Liposcelis bostrychophila. The results indicate that compared to C. eruditus, C. malaccensis had a shorter development time and longer adult survival time at 28 °C and 75% RH and showed higher predation ability against Liposcelis bostrychophila eggs. It has been proven from both its life history of artificial breeding and the predation ability that C. malaccensis has much greater biocontrol potential than C. eruditus against stored-grain pests. Abstract Cheyletus malaccensis Oudemans and Cheyletus eruditus (Schrank) are predators of stored-grain pests in China. The psocid Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel is prone to outbreaks in depots. To assess the potential of large-scale breeding with Acarus siro Linnaeus and the biological control potential of C. malaccensis and C. eruditus against L. bostrychophila, we determined the development times of different stages at 16, 20, 24, and 28 °C and 75% relative humidity (RH) while feeding on A. siro, as well as the functional responses of both species’ protonymphs and females to L. bostrychophila eggs at 28 °C and 75% RH. Cheyletus malaccensis had a shorter development time and longer adult survival time than C. eruditus at 28 °C and 75% RH and could establish populations faster than C. eruditus while preying on A. siro. The protonymphs of both species showed a type II functional response, while the females showed a type III functional response. Cheyletus malaccensis showed a higher predation ability than C. eruditus, and the females of both species had a higher predation ability than the protonymphs. Based on the observed development times, adult survival times, and predation efficiency, Cheyletus malaccensis has much greater biocontrol potential than C. eruditus.

/pdf/life-histories-and-functional-responses-of-two-predatory-19j1mseu.pdf

Life Histories and Functional Responses of Two Predatory Mites Feeding on the Stored-Grain Pest Liposcelis bostrychophila Badonnel (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae)

The predatory mite Lasioseius japonicus Ehara is a newly recorded species in China that has been shown to have great potential as a biological control agent. The species is a soil-dwelling mite that is known to prey on various pests including economically important mites, fungus gnats and other terricolous arthropods. Considering that temperature is one of the most important factors affecting the population dynamics of arthropods, the development, survival and reproduction of L. japonicus were evaluated under indoor conditions at seven temperatures: 19, 22, 25, 28, 31, 34 and 37 °C, at 75% relative humidity and L0:D24 h photoperiod. The mites were fed on the cereal mite Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank) and the data were analyzed using the two-sex life table. The results demonstrated that L. japonicus could complete their development and reproduce at temperatures between 19 and 34 °C, but were unsuccessful at 37 °C. Increasing temperature shortened the development time of the pre-adult stage and the average generation time (T). The life table parameters indicated that at temperatures from 22 to 31 °C the development rate and reproduction of L. japonicus were highest: at 22, 25, 28 and 31 °C the net reproduction rate (R0) was 55.5, 61.6, 61.2 and 59.0, respectively, and the average fecundity rate (F) was 81.7, 88.0, 102.0 and 86.8, respectively. The maximum values of intrinsic population growth rate (r) (0.341) and finite rate of increase (λ) (1.407) occurred at 31 °C. 

Effects of temperature on the adults and progeny of the predaceous mite Lasioseius japonicus (Acari: Blattisociidae) fed on the cereal mite Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Acari: Acaridae)

Cheyletus malaccensis (Oudemans) is a species of predatory mite, which is widely distributed in grain storage, and is a potential natural enemy of stored-product pests. Based on the typical temperatures and humidities that occur in granaries, the growth and development of C. malaccensis was studied at 24°C with different relative humidities (RH 65±2%, 75±2%, 85±2% and 95±2%). During this study, C. malaccensis was fed on Acarus siro (Linnaeus), a very important stored grain pest to investigate its potential to control this pest and production of this natural enemy in the laboratory. The results showed that C. malaccensis has five developmental stages, egg, larva, protonymph, deutonymph and adult. The deutonymph stage is absent in males. For females, the developmental time from egg to adult was shortest at 85±2 % RH and averaged 16.3 days; developmental time was longest at 65±2 % RH and averaged 18.6 days. The male mites in the 95±2% RH trials had the shortest developmental time which averaged 12.6 days; it was longest at 65±2% RH where it averaged 14.7 days. At 95±2% RH, the male adult lived 83.5 d and its longevity from egg to adult was 95.8 d. Humidity had a significant effect on how long the adults lived and the duration of all developmental stages. At 85±2 % RH, the maximum average number of eggs per female, oviposition period and daily fecundity were 493.0, 46.2 d, and 10.3, respectively. This study provides basic biological parameters for C. malaccensis, a potential biological control agent for mite pests infesting stored grain.

/pdf/a-preliminary-study-of-growth-and-development-of-cheyletus-52kbixinnq.pdf

A preliminary study of growth and development of Cheyletus malaccensis (Oudemans) under different humidity conditions

Life-history of the predator mite Acaropsis aegyptiaca Wafa and Soliman (Acarina:Cheyletidae).

Cheyletus malaccensis Oudemans is a predatory mite inhabiting grain depots in China. The relationship between temperature and the population growth rate of C. malaccensis is useful for predicting its population dynamics. Age-stage, two-sex life tables of the predator, C. malaccensis, reared on Acarus siro were constructed under laboratory conditions at 22, 24, 28, 30, and 32 °C, 75% relative humidity, and a 0:24 h (L:D) photoperiod. Increasing temperature shortened the development time of the immature stages. The complete generation time of C. malaccensis ranged from 11.10 d to 27.50 d. Life table parameters showed that 28 °C was the optimum temperature for the growth and development of C. malaccensis; populations could increase rapidly at this temperature. The highest net reproductive rate (R0 = 290.25) and highest fecundity (544.52) occurred at 28 °C. Temperature significantly affected the intrinsic rate of increase (r), fecundity, and finite rate of increase (λ). The values of age-specific fecundity (high to low) were 28 °C > 24 °C > 30 °C > 32 °C > 22 °C, while the values of age-stage-specific fecundity had the same trend.

https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/11/3/181/pdf

Age-Stage, Two-Sex Life Tables of the Predatory Mite Cheyletus Malaccensis Oudemans at Different Temperatures.

Carpophilus dimidiatus (Fabricius, 1792) and Carpophilus pilosellus Motschulsky are two sibling species and economically important storage pests worldwide. The first complete mitochondrial (mt) genomes of both were sequenced using next-generation sequencing. The mt genomes of C. dimidiatus and C. pilosellus are circular, with total lengths of 15,717 bp and 15,686 bp, respectively. Gene order and content for both species are similar to what has been observed in ancestral insects and consist of 13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, and a control region. Comparing the mt genome data of C. dimidiatus and C. pilosellus, they are similar in organization, arrangement patterns, GC contents, transfer RNA (tRNA) secondary structures, and codon usage patterns. Small differences were noted with regards to the nucleotide similarity of coding regions and the control region. This is the first publication of the complete mitochondrial genomes of two sibling species. The mt genome sequences can supplement the nuclear markers of the Carpophilus genus in research species identification, system evolution, and population genetic structure, and also will be valuable molecular marker for further genetic studies.

https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/11/1/24/pdf

The First Complete Mitochondrial Genomes of Two Sibling Species from Nitidulid Beetles Pests.

The invention discloses a breeding method and an application of cheyletus malaccensis. At first, prey mites are cultured at first, then cheyletus malaccensis is cultured, and the method can massivelyproduce cheyletus malaccensis at a low cost. Moreover, the invention also provides an application of cheyletus malaccensis in the control of insects and pest mites in grain storage. Cheyletus malaccensis is effectively utilized to control insects and pest mites in grain storage.

Breeding method and application of cheyletus malaccensis

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Papers

Age-Stage, Two-Sex Life Tables of the Predatory Mite Cheyletus Malaccensis Oudemans at Different Temperatures.

The First Complete Mitochondrial Genomes of Two Sibling Species from Nitidulid Beetles Pests.

Breeding method and application of cheyletus malaccensis