The growing demand for clean and sustainable energy sources has led to the investigation of photocatalytic water splitting as a promising technology for hydrogen production. This study explores the potential of transition metal chalcogenides (sulfides, selenides and tellurides) and metal phosphides as highly efficient photocatalysts for hydrogen evolution through photocatalytic water splitting. Innovative techniques, like heteroatom doping, co-catalyst integration, heterojunction development, have successfully tackled challenges such as low conductivity restricted light adsorption. Our review article reveals that these materials exhibit exceptional photocatalytic activity due to their unique electronic and structural properties that facilitate the separation and transportation of electrons and holes. The use of these materials as cocatalysts also significantly enhances their hydrogen evolution activity. Additionally, the review delves into the existing challenges and future prospects. These results suggest that transition metal chalcogenides and phosphides hold great promise as highly effective photocatalysts for hydrogen production through water splitting, with potential implications for the development of sustainable and clean energy technologies. 

Transition metal chalcogenides and phosphides for photocatalytic H2 generation via water splitting: a critical review

BACKGROUND
Infectious disease epidemiology is continuously shifting. While travel has been disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic and travel-related epidemiological research experienced a pause, further shifts in vaccine-preventable diseases (VPD) relevant for travellers have occurred.


METHODS
We conducted a literature search on the epidemiology of travel-related VPD and synthesized data for each disease with a focus on symptomatic cases and on the impact of the respective infection among travellers, considering the hospitalization rate, disease sequela and case fatality rate (CFR). We present new data and revised best estimates on the burden of VPD relevant for decisions on priorities in travel vaccines.


RESULTS
COVID-19 has emerged to be a top travel-related risk and influenza remains high in the ranking with an estimated incidence at 1% per month of travel. Dengue is another commonly encountered infection among international travellers with estimated monthly incidence of 0.5-0.8% among non-immune exposed travellers; the hospitalized proportion was 10 and 22%, respectively according to two recent publications. With recent yellow fever outbreaks particularly in Brazil, its estimated monthly incidence has risen to > 0.1%. Meanwhile, improvements in hygiene and sanitation have led to some decrease in foodborne illnesses; however, hepatitis A monthly incidence remains substantial in most developing regions (0.001-0.01%) and typhoid remains particularly high in South Asia (>0.01%). Mpox, a newly emerged disease that demonstrated worldwide spread through mass gathering and travel, cannot be quantified regarding its travel-related risk.


CONCLUSION
The data summarized may provide a tool for travel health professionals to prioritize preventive strategies for their clients against VPD. Updated assessments on incidence and impact are ever more important since new vaccines with travel indications (e.g. dengue) have been licensed or are undergoing regulatory review.

Travel vaccines-priorities determined by incidence and impact.

In this work, 2-amino-5 mercapto-1, 3, 4-thiadiazole/boron nitride nanosheets (ATT/BNNS) nanofillers were prepared via using ATT as intercalating agent to exfoliate BNNS by a liquid-phase assisted ultrasound method. The FTIR and the XPS consequences testify that the corrosion inhibitor ATT is successfully grafted onto BNNS. TEM results indicate that BNNS is adequately exfoliated by ATT and the agglomeration phenomenon is alleviated. BNNS, ATT and ATT/BNNS nanofillers were processed into the waterborne epoxy (WEP) respectively, and WEP composite coatings were then fabricated by a spraying method on the copper electrode. The EIS measurements demonstrate that WEP ATT/BNNS coating displays the best protective performance in combination with optical morphology observation under saline immersion, compared with other three coatings. It is mainly attributed to the combined action of active protection from ATT inhibitor and physical barrier from BNNS. The two-dimensional BNNS nanofiller dispersed in the WEP coating plays the role of physical barrier, forms a "labyrinth effect", extends the invasion way of corrosive media, thus enhancing the physical barrier effect in the composite coating. Furthermore, ATT inhibitor can also diffuse through the coating to the copper substrate and build a safety shield to hold back further corrosion. Importantly, after 40 days immersion in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution, the value of impedance module at 0.01 Hz of WEP ATT/BNNS coating is about 2 orders of magnitude larger than that of pure WEP coating, revealing superior long-term anticorrosion performance. 

Enhanced anti-corrosive capability of waterborne epoxy coating by ATT exfoliated boron nitride nanosheets composite fillers

Metal oxide-based gas sensors are widely used in the detection of toxic and harmful gases due to their advantages of high precision, convenient use and stable performance, but their application range is limited due to the high working temperature. In this work, MOF-derived flower-like Fe-doped Co3O4 porous hollow structures are obtained using a simple solvothermal method. The obtained samples are characterized in terms of their crystalline structure, morphology, chemical composition, optical properties and specific surface area. This study systematically investigates the sensing performance of pristine and Fe-doped Co3O4 samples. The results show that the 2 at% Fe-Co3O4 sample has the best n-butanol sensing properties. This sample exhibits high response and rapid response/recovery speed at a low working temperature of 110 °C, as well as good repeatability and anti-humidity features. The enhanced sensing properties can be attributed to several factors, including the adjustment of baseline resistance, increase in oxygen vacancies, decrease in bandgap, and the formation of unique hollow and porous structures. Overall, this work provides valuable insights into the potential applications of Fe-doped Co3O4 materials in sensing technologies. 

MOF-derived flower-like Fe-doped Co3O4 porous hollow structures with enhanced n-butanol sensing properties at low temperature

Abstract The need for antifouling membranes is substantial due to fouling’s negative impact on the effectiveness and durability of ultrafiltration membranes. In recent times, Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as effective additives for crafting ultrafiltration (UF) membranes. However, to harness their benefits and mitigate their drawbacks, a well-considered approach is imperative. In this work, polyethersulfone (PES) UF membranes were tailored with polydopamine (PDA)-modified cerium (Ce)-MOF (PDA@Ce-MOF) to achieve satisfactory antifouling properties and to remove biological macromolecules such as bovine serum albumin (BSA) and humic acid (HA) from wastewater. The non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) method was used to simultaneously fabricate the membrane and modify it with different PDA@Ce-MOF concentrations ranging from 0.05 to 0.50 wt.%. Results showed significant improvements on the membrane’s morphology, hydrophilicity, porosity and pore size at 0.10 wt.% loading of PDA@Ce-MOF. The synergistic effect of the PDA and Ce-MOF on the membrane improved the pure water flux (337 L m −2 h −1 ) and filtration performance in the filtration of Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and humic acid (HA) reporting 145 L m −2 h −1 and 98% rejection, and 164 L m −2 h −1 and 88% rejection; respectively. Further, water-attracting functional moieties of PDA@Ce-MOF hindered the deposition of BSA protein on the membrane surface, resulting in an excellent flux recovery ratio (FRR) of ~87%, alongside mitigated irreversible fouling. 

Enhanced antifouling and separation capabilities of polydopamine@Ce-MOF functionalized PES ultrafiltration membrane

Polydopamine coated Co2(OH)2BDC nanosheets for anticorrosive reinforcement of water-borne epoxy coating

Photocatalysis provides an exciting solution to the current growing energy challenge. However, the activity and stability of photocatalysts are two important issues in photocatalytic applications. In this work, we have successfully developed an efficient and stable photocatalyst by loading ReS2 nanoparticles onto a CdS/ZnS heterojunction. After loading ReS2, there is a strong interaction between the CdS/ZnS heterojunction and ReS2, which accelerates the photogenerated charge migration and effectively inhibits the recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes. Accordingly, CdS/ZnS-ReS2 displays excellent photocatalytic activity and stability with the highest hydrogen production rate of 10 722 μmol g–1 h–1, which is approximately 178 times higher than that of the pure CdS and 5 times better than that of CdS/ZnS. This work not only facilitates solar energy conversion to improve photocatalytic activity and stability but also broadens the application of ReS2 as a cocatalyst.

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acsomega.2c08110

ReS2 Cocatalyst Improves the Hydrogen Production Performance of the CdS/ZnS Photocatalyst

During the yellow fever epidemic in Angola in 2016, cases of yellow fever were reported in China for the first time The 11 cases, all Chinese nationals returning from Angola, were identified in March and April 2016, one to two weeks after the peak of the Angolan epidemic One patient died; the other 10 cases recovered after treatment This paper reviews the epidemiological characteristics of the 11 yellow fever cases imported into China It examines case detection and disease control and surveillance, and presents recommendations for further action to prevent additional importation of yellow fever into China

/pdf/evaluating-the-importation-of-yellow-fever-cases-into-china-1inhfwodb2.pdf

Evaluating the importation of yellow fever cases into China in 2016 and strategies used to prevent and control the spread of the disease.

Improving the dispersibility and compatibility of nanomaterials in water-borne epoxy resins is an important means to improve the protection ability and corrosion resistance of coatings. In this study, glycine-functionalized Ti3C2Tx (GT) was used to prepare an epoxy composite coating. The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction showed that glycine was successfully modified. The scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy results showed that the aggregation of Ti3C2Tx was alleviated. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy test results show that, after 60 days of immersion, GT coating still shows the best protection performance, and the composite coating |Z|f = 0.01 Hz is 3 orders of magnitude higher than that of the pure epoxy coating. This is mainly because, after adding glycine, the -COOH group on the surface of glycine binds to the -OH group on the surface of Ti3C2Tx, improving the aggregation of Ti3C2Tx itself. At the same time, the -NH group of glycine can also participate in the curing reaction of epoxy resin to strengthen the bonding strength between the coating and the metal. The good dispersion of GT in epoxy resin makes it fill the pores and holes left by epoxy resin curing and strengthen the corrosion resistance. The easy availability and green properties of glycine provide a simple and environmentally friendly method for the modification of Ti3C2Tx.

Glycine-Ti3C2Tx Hybrid Material Improves the Electrochemical Corrosion Resistance of a Water-Borne Epoxy Coating.

Electrophoretic deposition of intelligent anticorrosive epoxy coatings doped with pH-stimulated response ZIF-67 nanocontainer

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