Facile synthesis of CaWO4 nanoparticles incorporated on porous carbons with improved photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline

Antibiotic-containing wastewater from pharmaceutical industries have become serious organic pollutants need to be serious treated, and one of the important antibiotics is tetracycline (TC). Advanced oxidation process (AOPs) including photocatalytic oxidation is recognized as efficient method. Respect to the emergence of nanomaterials utilization in many aspects, syntheses of nanoparticles and nanomaterials photocatalyst are also developed. With consideration of green chemistry approach, in this research, phyto-mediated synthesis of SnO2 nanoparticles (SnO2 NPs) by using Tinosphora cordifolia stem extract with the applied ultrasound irradiation method was conducted. Study on the effect of calcination temperature to the physicochemical feature and photocatalytic activity towards TC photooxidation were focused. The NPs samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectra (UV–vis DRS), and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results showed a single phase SnO2 produced at two varied calcination temperature of 200 °C and 500 °C with the particle size ranging at 2–7 nm, and 5–15 nm, respectively. Both samples exhibited the high photocatalytic activity for TC photooxidation under UV and visible light exposure as the degradation efficiency of 97.9 % was achieved by NPs calcined at 200 °C under UV light, meanwhile the efficiency achieved by visible light exposure was 55.7 %. In summary, reported procedure for SnO2 NPs synthesis using the extract and ultrasound-irradiation intensification was a potential method to be developed due to its fast, efficient, environmental-friendly, and time-effectiveness for providing high active photocatalyst in organic compounds-contaminated wastewater. 

Ultrasound-assisted phyto-mediated synthesis of SnO2 nanoparticles as photocatalyst in tetracycline photocatalytic oxidation

The construction of heterojunctions between semiconductors is a preferred route to improve overall photocatalytic activity. In this work, a facile and feasible method was innovatively developed to one-step prepare g-C3N4/TiO2 heterojunctions via an absorption-calcination process using nitrogen and titanium precursors directly. This method can effectively avoid interfacial defects and establish a tight interfacial connection between g-C3N4 and TiO2. The resultant g-C3N4/TiO2 composites exhibited prominent photodegradation efficiency for tetracycline hydrochloride (TC-HCl) under visible light and simulated-sunlight irradiation. The optimal g-C3N4/TiO2 composite (urea content of 4 g) showed the highest photocatalytic efficiency, which can degrade 90.1% TC-HCl under simulated-sunlight irradiation within 30 min, achieving 3.9 and 2 times increases compared to pure g-C3N4 and TiO2, respectively. Besides, photodegradation pathways based on the role of active species ·O2- and ·OH were identified, indicating that a direct Z-scheme heterojunction was formed over the g-C3N4/TiO2 photocatalyst. The enhanced photocatalytic performance can be attributed to the close-knit interface contact and the formation of Z-scheme heterojunction between g-C3N4 and TiO2, which can accelerate the photo-induced charge carrier separation, broaden the spectra absorption range, and retain a higher redox potential. This one-step synthesis method may provide a new strategy for the construction of Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts consisting of g-C3N4 and TiO2 for environmental remediation and solar energy utilization. 

/pdf/in-situ-synthesis-of-g-c3n4-tio2-heterojunction-by-a-2hfagjvr.pdf

In situ synthesis of g-C3N4/TiO2 heterojunction by a concentrated absorption process for efficient photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride

Graphene-based nanostructures with distinct structural and physicochemical characteristics may be able to photodegrade antibiotics effectively. Herein, this study reports the successful synthesis of NiFe2O4/CeO2/GO nanocomposite (NC) by anchoring NiFe2O4/CeO2 to the surface of GO (Graphene oxide). All state-of-the-art characterization techniques investigated the nanostructure, crystallinity, phonon modes, chemical composition analysis, elemental composition, surface area, magnetic properties, and optical band gap. Hydrothermal approach assisted NiFe2O4/CeO2/GO catalyst showed better charge carrier separation and prompted the tetracycline (TC-HCl) photocatalytic degradation under visible light. Following 90 min of exposure to visible light, NiFe2O4/CeO2/GO nanocomposite demonstrated superior photocatalytic activity, with a TC-HCl degradation rate of 95%. Reasonable mechanisms of tetracycline degradation were proposed where the •OH and •O2- played a leading role based on identified intermediates. Moreover, tetracycline photodegradation intermediates and the optimal pathway were identified using LC-MS spectrometry. This study also performed Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations for the prepared materials to validate the experimental data. In vitro, antibacterial studies were consistent with the molecular docking investigations of the NiFe2O4/CeO2/GO nanocomposite against DNA gyrase and FabI from Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Lastly, the outcomes revealed a new potential for NiFe2O4/CeO2/GO nanocomposite for improved photocatalytic performance, making it a promising photocatalyst for wastewater treatment 

pdf/evaluation-of-tetracycline-photocatalytic-degradation-using-4c7923eoav.pdf

Evaluation of tetracycline photocatalytic degradation using NiFe2O4/CeO2/GO nanocomposite for environmental remediation: In silico molecular docking, antibacterial performance, degradation pathways, and DFT calculations

Groundwater resources are one of the most important freshwater resources for human beings. The protection of groundwater resources is an important measure for human survival. Therefore, it is extremely important to discuss the treatment of pollutants in groundwater. The purpose of this paper is to simulate and analyze the migration law of organic pollutants using the experimental circulating well. In the analysis, this paper uses the gas-liquid-solid three-state model to simulate the pollutants for organic pollutants. It independently analyzes pollutants in different states. For the movement law, this paper not only simulates the vertical transition circulation well in the laboratory but also simulates the transport law of pollutants in the well. The experimental results show that in the laboratory environment, the simulated value of the circulation well designed in this paper is not far from the actual value, and the accuracy rate is more than 90%. And according to the movement law of organic pollutants, it is found that the variable flow rate and the dispersion, porosity, and thickness of the skin have a great influence on the migration of pollutants.

/pdf/simulation-of-migration-law-of-organic-pollutants-in-3ndpiz5b.pdf

Simulation of Migration Law of Organic Pollutants in Circulating Wells

Antibiotic drugs have become dominating organic pollutants in water resources, and efficient removal of antibiotic drugs is the priority task to protect the water environment. Cu3P/SnO2 photocatalysts of various Cu3P loadings (10–40 wt% Cu3P) were synthesized using a combination of hydrothermal synthesis and a partial annealing method. Their photocatalytic activity was tested for tetracycline hydrochloride (TC-HCl) degradation under visible light irradiation. Cu3P/SnO2 samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2-adsorption, ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-vis DRS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results showed that the p–n type heterostructure between Cu3P and SnO2 was successfully constructed, and addition of Cu3P to SnO2 could improve its photocatalytic activity at an optimized loading of 30 wt% Cu3P. In photocatalytic degradation studies, removal rates of around 80% were found in 30 minutes of dark reaction and 140 min of photodegradation. The removal rate was superior to that of Cu3P and SnO2 alone under the same experimental conditions. According to trapping experiments and electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements, photogenerated holes (h+) and superoxide radicals ˙O2− were considered as the main oxidation species in the present system. Finally, the reuse experiments showed high stability of Cu3P/SnO2. This study reports Cu3P as a cocatalyst combined with semiconductor SnO2 to form a highly efficient heterogeneous photocatalyst for the degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride for the first time.

Synthesis of Cu3P/SnO2 composites for degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride in wastewater

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Synthesis of Cu3P/SnO2 composites for degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride in wastewater