The rapid developments of the Internet of Things (IoT) and smart mobile devices in recent years have been dramatically incentivizing the advancement of edge computing. On the one hand, edge computing has provided a great assistance for lightweight devices to accomplish complicated tasks in an efficient way; on the other hand, its hasty development leads to the neglection of security threats to a large extent in edge computing platforms and their enabled applications. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive survey on the most influential and basic attacks as well as the corresponding defense mechanisms that have edge computing specific characteristics and can be practically applied to real-world edge computing systems. More specifically, we focus on the following four types of attacks that account for 82% of the edge computing attacks recently reported by Statista: distributed denial of service attacks, side-channel attacks, malware injection attacks, and authentication and authorization attacks. We also analyze the root causes of these attacks, present the status quo and grand challenges in edge computing security, and propose future research directions.

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielaam/5/8789751/8741060-aam.pdf

Edge Computing Security: State of the Art and Challenges

Concrete crack detection using context‐aware deep semantic segmentation network

Deep learning-based detection from the perspective of small or tiny objects: A survey

The increasing use of social media and information sharing has given major benefits to humanity. However, this has also given rise to a variety of challenges including the spreading and sharing of hate speech messages. Thus, to solve this emerging issue in social media sites, recent studies employed a variety of feature engineering techniques and machine learning algorithms to automatically detect the hate speech messages on different datasets. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no study to compare the variety of feature engineering techniques and machine learning algorithms to evaluate which feature engineering technique and machine learning algorithm outperform on a standard publicly available dataset. Hence, the aim of this paper is to compare the performance of three feature engineering techniques and eight machine learning algorithms to evaluate their performance on a publicly available dataset having three distinct classes. The experimental results showed that the bigram features when used with the support vector machine algorithm best performed with 79% off overall accuracy. Our study holds practical implication and can be used as a baseline study in the area of detecting automatic hate speech messages. Moreover, the output of different comparisons will be used as state-of-art techniques to compare future researches for existing automated text classification techniques.

/pdf/automatic-hate-speech-detection-using-machine-learning-a-pwtxv2ivpx.pdf

Automatic Hate Speech Detection using Machine Learning: A Comparative Study

SMS Spam Message Detection using Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and Random Forest Algorithm

Realize your surroundings: Exploiting context information for small object detection

Attention augmentation with multi-residual in bidirectional LSTM

Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) has been proven an efficient way to model sequential data, because of its ability to overcome the gradient diminishing problem during training. However, due to the limited memory capacity in LSTM cells, LSTM is weak in capturing long-time dependency in sequential data. To address this challenge, we propose an Attention-aware Bidirectional Multi-residual Recurrent Neural Network (ABMRNN) to overcome the deficiency. Our model considers both past and future information at every time step with omniscient attention based on LSTM. In addition to that, the multi-residual mechanism has been leveraged in our model which aims to model the relationship between current time step with further distant time steps instead of a just previous time step. The results of experiments show that our model achieves state-of-the-art performance in classification tasks.

An Attention-aware Bidirectional Multi-residual Recurrent Neural Network (Abmrnn): A Study about Better Short-term Text Classification

CAPTCHA(Completely Automated Public Turing test to Tell Computers and Humans Apart) can be used to protect data from auto bots. Countless kinds of CAPTCHAs are thus designed, while we most frequently utilize text-based scheme because of most convenience and user-friendly way \cite{bursztein2011text}. Currently, various types of CAPTCHAs need corresponding segmentation to identify single character due to the numerous different segmentation ways. Our goal is to defeat the CAPTCHA, thus firstly the CAPTCHAs need to be split into character by character. There isn't a regular segmentation algorithm to obtain the divided characters in all kinds of examples, which means that we have to treat the segmentation individually. In this paper, we build a whole system to defeat the CAPTCHAs as well as achieve state-of-the-art performance. In detail, we present our self-adaptive algorithm to segment different kinds of characters optimally, and then utilize both the existing methods and our own constructed convolutional neural network as an extra classifier. Results are provided showing how our system work well towards defeating these CAPTCHAs.

/pdf/an-optimized-system-to-solve-text-based-captcha-57cba4w6bi.pdf

An optimized system to solve text-based CAPTCHA

CAPTCHA (Completely Automated Public Turing test to Tell Computers and Humans Apart) is almost everywhere in data entry due to automated scripts like bots. Nowadays, text-based scheme is still applied most widely, which typically need the users to answer questions regarding recognition task. In particular, the segmentations of different types of CAPTCHAs are not always the same. As so far, there isn't any universal way to solve the segmentation problems. In this paper, we present a novel adaptive algorithm and based on that we create a system to defeat several CAPTCHAs at the same time. The CAPTCHA datasets we used are from the State Administration for Industry&Commerce of the People's Republic of China. There are totally 33 entrances of CAPTCHAs we need to solve. In this experiments, we assume that each of the entrance is known. Results are provided showing how our algorithms work well towards these CAPTCHAs.

A self-adaptive algorithm to defeat text-based CAPTCHA

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