A self-centering hybrid braced precast wall with replaceable U-shaped flexural plates: Experimental and theoretical analysis

Rocking structural systems have been proposed as a promising solution for designing resilient building structures. These low-damage systems can prevent significant economic losses associated with repair, demolition, and business downtime following earthquakes. The importance of designing buildings for resilience and rapid recovery has been realized from the impacts of past earthquakes, such as the 2010–2011 Christchurch, 2009 L'Aquila, and 2016–2017 Central Italy earthquakes. Prior research has evaluated the applications of rocking systems in buildings, bridges, and foundations. However, despite the proof of their effectiveness in historical structures and demonstrated efficiency in modern structures through extensive research, rocking structural systems have not been widely used in practice to date. The purpose of this review is two-fold. Firstly, the review is undertaken to provide a concise but comprehensive overview of the research on rocking systems for buildings of different materials, including steel, concrete, masonry, and wood. Secondly, collecting, organizing, and analyzing past research studies aims to probe the literature to determine what challenges exist in adopting rocking systems in industry projects. By identifying unexplored areas, unresolved issues, and remaining challenges, this review recommends topics for future studies in the hope of facilitating greater adoption of self-centering rocking systems in building structures. Some key issues and challenges include the lack of provisions in current seismic design standards as well as remaining concerns related to the behavior of rocking-enabled buildings, such as the possible adverse effect of the impact at the base of rocking columns, amplified demands due to higher mode effects, and deformation compatibility with gravity framing and nonstructural components. 

Review of self-centering rocking systems for earthquake-resistant building structures: State of the art

Equipping energy dissipation devices in the structures is one of the effective methods to resist earthquake disasters. Here, a novel buckling-controlled brace inspired by origami (O-BCB) was proposed as anti-seismic technology for protecting engineering structures. A hierarchical design and analysis strategy was adopted for various types of origami patterns. An O-BCB based on Tachi origami pattern was manufactured, tested, and analyzed to verify the hysteretic performance under cyclic reversed loading. Considering the non-uniform distribution of deformation and stress in the Tachi patterned brace, two gradient design schemes in the lengthwise direction were proposed. To balance the bearing capacity and energy-dissipating capabilities of O-BCBs, the implementation of non-rigid origami patterns including pyramid, crash-box, and triangular patterns were analyzed. Results show that O-BCBs could provide valuable options for the development of earthquake-resistant technologies in the field of civil engineering. 

Buckling-controlled braces for seismic resistance inspired by origami patterns

The burgeoning field of starch-based nanomaterials in biomedical applications has perceived notable progressions, with a particular emphasis on their pivotal role in precision drug delivery and the inhibition of tumor growth. The complicated challenges in current biomedical research require innovative approaches for improved therapeutic outcomes, prompting an exploration into the possible of starch-based nanomaterials. The conceptualization of this review emerged from recognizing the need for a comprehensive examination of the structural attributes, versatile properties, and mechanisms underlying the efficiency of starch-based nanomaterials in inhibiting tumor growth and enabling targeted drug delivery. This review delineates the substantial growth in utilizing starch-based nanomaterials, elucidating their small size, high surface-volume ratio, and biocompatibility, predominantly emphasizing their possible to actively recognize cancer cells, deliver anticancer drugs, and combat tumors efficiently. The investigation of these nanomaterials encompasses to improving biocompatibility and targeting specific tissues, thereby contributing to the evolving landscape of precision medicine. The review accomplishes by highlighting the auspicious strategies and modern developments in the field, envisioning a future where starch-based nanomaterials play a transformative role in molecular nanomaterials, evolving biomedical sciences. The translation of these advancements into clinical applications holds the potential to revolutionize targeted drug delivery and expand therapeutic outcomes in the realm of precision medicine. 

A review on advancements in the application of starch-based nanomaterials in biomedicine: Precision drug delivery and cancer therapy.

Pickering emulsions have emerged as suitable alternatives to healthily and sustainably deliver unstable compounds, addressing the demands of consumers, increasingly concerned about the nutritional value and environmental impact of the products they consume. They are stabilized by insoluble solid particles that partially hydrate both the oil (O) and aqueous (W) phases through a combination of steric and electrostatic repulsions determined by their surface properties. Since the desorption energy of the particles is very high, their adsorption is considered irreversible, which accounts for their greater stability compared to conventional emulsions. Proteins and polysaccharides, used either individually or in combination, can stabilize Pickering emulsions, and recent studies have revealed that microorganisms are also suitable stabilizing particles. This review provides an overview of recent research on Pickering emulsions, highlighting the properties of the stabilizing particles, and their ability to deliver hydrophobic and/or unstable compounds. The use of Pickering emulsions as fat-replacers, edible inks for 3D-printing or their incorporation into packaging material are also presented and discussed, pointing out their great potential for further innovation. 

Pickering emulsions in food and nutraceutical technology: from delivering hydrophobic compounds to cutting-edge food applications

Analysis and experimental testing of a self-centering controlled rocking wall with buckling-restrained braces at base

Acetalized starch-based nanoparticles stabilized acid-sensitive Pickering emulsion as a potential antitumor drug carrier.

Rod-like particles have attracted increasing attention because of their unique shape-dependent properties, which enable their superior performance compared to their isotropic counterparts. Thus, rod-like particles have potential applications in many fields, especially in biomedicine. However, the fabrication of uniform rod-like particles is challenging because of the principle of interfacial energy minimization. Herein, we present a facile, rapid, and cost-effective strategy for preparing starch-based microrods with tunable aspect ratios via shear-assisted antisolvent-induced nanoprecipitation and solidification. The preformed spherical particles swollen by the mixed solvent were elongated by the shear force and solidified in rod-like shape by antisolvent induction. The resulting starch-based microrods can encapsulate hydrophobic active substances and be modified with functional groups, indicating their potential applications as drug carriers and biologically active materials. The formation mechanism of the starch-based microrods discovered in this study provides a new perspective on the fabrication of rod-like polymer particles.

Facile Fabrication of Starch-Based Microrods by Shear-Assisted Antisolvent-Induced Nanoprecipitation and Solidification.

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Analysis and experimental testing of a self-centering controlled rocking wall with buckling-restrained braces at base

Acetalized starch-based nanoparticles stabilized acid-sensitive Pickering emulsion as a potential antitumor drug carrier.

Facile Fabrication of Starch-Based Microrods by Shear-Assisted Antisolvent-Induced Nanoprecipitation and Solidification.