Multi-symmetry high-entropy relaxor ferroelectric with giant capacitive energy storage

We report that rats learning a spatial memory task in the Morris water maze show elevated expression of the signal transduction receptor for BDNF and the synaptic associated protein synapsin I in the hippocampus. Nuclease protection assays showed maximal levels of TrkB and synapsin I mRNAs in the hippocampus by the time that asymptotic learning performance had been reached (Day 6). Increases in synapsin I mRNA were matched by changes in synapsin I protein as revealed by western blot analysis. Synapsin I is a downstream effector for the BDNF tyrosine kinase cascade pathway which has important roles in synaptic remodeling and function. Therefore, parallel changes in TrkB and synapsin I mRNAs suggest a role of the BDNF system in synaptic function or adaptation. Levels of TrkB mRNA in the hippocampus were attenuated after learning acquisition (Day 20), but synapsin I mRNA was still elevated, suggesting that the BDNF system may participate in events secondary to learning, such as strengthening of neural circuits. TrkB and synapsin I mRNAs showed an increasing trend in the cerebellum of learning rats and no changes were observed in the caudal cerebral cortex. The selectivity of the changes in trkB and synapsin I, affecting the hippocampus, is in agreement with the role of this structure in processing of spatial information. Behavioral regulation of neurotrophins may provide a molecular basis for the enhanced cognitive function associated with active lifestyles, and guide development of strategies to promote neural healing after CNS injury or disease. © 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Research report Spatial learning induces neurotrophin receptor and synapsin I in the hippocampus

With the rapid development of economic and information technology, the challenges related to energy consumption and environmental pollution have recently intensified. Faced with this increasingly severe situation, significant attention has been devoted to developing novel and environmentally friendly materials for energy conversion and storage. Among various energy conversion and storage systems, lead-free ceramic dielectric capacitors emerge as a preferred choice for advanced pulsed power devices due to their high power density, excellent thermal stability, long service lifespan, and environmental friendliness. Despite enormous efforts, the energy storage density and efficiency of most lead-free ceramics still lag behind Pb-based ceramics and polymer-based dielectrics, limiting their practical applications. Regarding ceramic dielectrics used in advanced pulsed power systems, parameters such as a moderate dielectric constant, high electric breakdown strength, large maximum polarization (or saturation polarization), and low remnant polarization are of crucial importance. To better promote the development of lead-free ceramics with superior energy storage properties, we summarized the progress in lead-free ceramics for energy storage applications in this review. This includes exploring the energy storage mechanisms of ceramic dielectrics, examining the typical energy storage systems of lead-free ceramics in recent years, and providing an outlook on the future trends and prospects of lead-free ceramics for advanced pulsed power systems applications. 

Progress and outlook on lead-free ceramics for energy storage applications

Abstract Enhancing the energy storage performance of dielectric material through the adoption of a novel domain strategy is highly desirable. In this study, Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 TiO 3 ‐based thin films are fabricated with topological vortex domains (VDs) by controlling the grain size and investigated the correlation between these VDs and the macroscopic polarization response, which is crucial for the energy storage performance. The emergence of VDs, in contrast to conventional ferroelectric domains, promotes polarization reversal in dielectric materials. Additionally, in contrast to the severely reduced saturation polarization typically noted in conventional relaxor ferroelectrics (RFE), the presence of VDs in RFE leads to only a slight reduction in saturation polarization. These two advantages contribute to the superior energy storage performance of the films with VDs. This approach offers a novel and promising direction for developing dielectrics with high‐energy storage capabilities. 

Topological Vortex Domain Engineering for High Dielectric Energy Storage Performance

Exploiting low-cost and efficient electrode materials with catalytic activity toward water splitting and supercapacitor has a crucial role with sustainable energy development. Herein, a composite structure is created in which nickel sulfide nanoparticles are loaded on the surface of nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (Co-CNTs) encapsulated with cobalt nanoparticles as multifunctional catalysts. The growth in situ of NiS2 nanoparticles results in the Co-CNTs@NiS2 composite with ideal interface effect which remarkable improves the performance in supercapacitor, hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity. As a supercapacitor electrode, Co-CNTs@NiS2 activated carbon asymmetric supercapacitor performs a high specific capacitance of 370 F g−1 at 1 A g−1, revealing high retention of 68.8% after 3000 cycles. As an electrocatalyst, it is just needed to afford the overpotential of 235 and 309 mV in HER and OER to reach a current density of 10 mA cm−2 without iR correction. The Co-CNTs@NiS2 composite with optimized exposed surface just requires an overall cell voltage of 1.73 V to achieve 10 mA cm−2 in electrolyzer. The results supply great potential in the application of renewable energy. 

NiS2 nanoparticles anchored on Co-carbon nanotubes for supercapacitor and overall water splitting

Highly Enhanced Energy Storage Performance of Trilayered Gradient Polymer-Based Nanocomposite Via 2d Sno@Ag Nanosheets

High Energy Storage Performances and Large Electrocaloric Response in Bi0.5na0.5tio3-Ba(Zr0.2ti0.8)O3 Thin Films

Dopamine D1 receptor agonist treatment alleviates morphine-exposure-induced learning and memory impairments.

With high electrical conductivity, good mechanical strength, and excellent multidimensional flexibility, graphene fibers are more suitable for wearable devices than other flexible materials. However, challenges still exist in increasing their energy density. Here, we overcome this disadvantage by developing a fibrous supercapacitor loaded with battery-type active material. First, reduced-graphene-oxide fibers (rGOFs) with high conductivity and high toughness are fabricated from flake graphite by a series of redox reactions and wet-spinning processes. Second, Co-based zeolite imidazole framework (Co-ZIF) nanosheets are grown in situ on the surfaces of the rGOFs at room temperature and then converted into nickel cobalt layered double hydroxide (NCLDH) nanosheets by an etching codeposition method. The as-prepared NCLDH@rGOFs with a unique one-dimensional cladding structure exhibit an outstanding area specific capacitance of 2020 mF cm–2 at 5 mA cm–2 in a three-electrode system. When the NCLDH@rGOFs and FeOOH@rGOFs are assembled into a flexible asymmetric supercapacitor (NF-FASC), the NF-FASC shows high area specific capacitance (351.6 mF cm–2), high energy density (max. 117.3 μWh cm–2), excellent power density (max. 34 000 μW cm–2), and acceptable cycle stability (75.5% capacitance retention after 5000 cycles). 

High-Energy-Density Asymmetric Supercapacitor Based on a Nickel Cobalt Double Hydroxide/Reduced-Graphene-Oxide Fiber Electrode

Objective: The objective of this article is to study the role of the dopamine (DA) D1 receptor in the midbrain periaqueductal grey (PAG) on learning and memory in morphine-addicted rats.Methods: DA...

A dopamine D1 receptor agonist improved learning and memory in morphine-treated rats.

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