Sinus tarsi and sinus tarsi syndrome: An imaging review.

In this technical tip, we present the case of an obese 17-year-old female diagnosed with a severe, rigid, and symptomatic flatfoot on a background of exuberant talocalcaneal and residual calcaneonavicular coalition. Through a technical modification of the fusion resection, both coalitions were quickly and safely removed with two single cuts of an oscillating saw, resecting a medial wedge through a medial approach, without the need for “peel-off” tarsal coalition resection. To protect and guide the resection osteotomy, one Freer elevator ws inserted under direct visualization on the patent posterolateral aspect of the subtalar joint posterior facet and a second elevator was positioned underneath the talar neck. Under fluoroscopic guidance, an osteotomy was performed connecting these two points. The patient also received a bone-block subtalar joint arthrodesis and a Cotton osteotomy. Good short-term alignment correction and functional outcome were achieved. Level of Evidence V; Therapeutic Studies; Expert Opinion.

/pdf/talocalcaneal-coalition-resection-and-bone-block-subtalar-cdsdl3ungd.pdf

Talocalcaneal coalition resection and bone block subtalar joint arthrodesis: a techinical tip

We aimed to investigate the bone and soft tissue changes accompanying tarsal coalition (TC) and aimed to evaluate their association with the location and type of coalition. Ankle magnetic resonance imagings of 65 patients with TC were included. The relationship between the location and type of coalition and bone marrow edema, subchondral cysts, sinus tarsi syndrome, tarsal tunnel syndrome, posterior impingement syndrome, accessory bone, tibiotalar effusion, talar osteochondritis dissecans, ganglion cysts, and calcaneal spur were evaluated. Twenty‐nine patients without coalition were selected as the control group, and the distribution of these variables between the two groups was analyzed. There were 33 females and 32 males in the coalition group (mean age: 42.0 ± 15.63 years), and 22 females and seven males in the control group (mean age: 44.79 ± 12.33 years). Coalition was most common in the talocalcaneal joint (n = 33, 50.8%), and the most common coalition type was non‐osseous (n = 57, 87.6%). We find no significant difference between the pathologies defined in terms of coalition location and type. Sinus tarsi syndrome, tarsal tunnel syndrome, subchondral cysts, and tibiotalar effusion were found to be more common in the coalition group (p = 0.028, p = 0.010, p = 0.023, and p = 0.006, respectively). The presence of coalition increased the probability of developing tarsal tunnel syndrome 9.91 times (95% CI: [1.25–78.59]; p = 0.029), and sinus tarsi syndrome 3.66 times (95% CI: [1.14–11.78]; p = 0.029). Tarsal coalition may predispose bone and soft tissue changes. In this study, sinus tarsi syndrome, tarsal tunnel syndrome, subchondral cysts and tibiotalar effusion were found to be more common in the coalition group.

A retrospective magnetic resonance imaging analysis of bone and soft tissue changes associated with the spectrum of tarsal coalitions

Users frequently use their smartphones in combination with other smart devices, for example, when streaming music to smart speakers or controlling smart appliances. During these interconnected interactions, user data gets handled and processed by several entities that employ different data protection practices or are subject to different regulations. Users need to understand these processes to inform themselves in the right places and make informed privacy decisions. We conducted an online survey (N=120) to investigate whether users have accurate mental models about interconnected interactions. We found that users consider scenarios more privacy-concerning when multiple devices are involved. Yet, we also found that most users do not fully comprehend the privacy-relevant processes in interconnected interactions. Our results show that current privacy information methods are insufficient and that users must be better educated to make informed privacy decisions. Finally, we advocate for restricting data processing to the app layer and better encryption to reduce users' data protection responsibilities. 

Exploring Users' Mental Models and Privacy Concerns During Interconnected Interactions

The association of accessory anterolateral talar facet (AALTF) and tarsal coalition has been reported recently. However, there is no report in the literature examining the clinical outcomes of operative treatment simultaneously addressing both AALTF and tarsal coalition. In this case series, we report the functional outcomes of operative treatment for both AALTF and calcaneonavicular coalition (CNC). Four male patients were admitted to our institution with foot pain. Radiographic examination revealed CNC and accompanying AALTF in all patients. Five feet of these four patients were operated simultaneously for AALTF and CNC. At the final follow-up, the mean Visual Analog Scale score was 1.7±2.4 (range, 0 to 5.5), the mean American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society score was 89.6±11.5 (range, 69 to 97), and the mean Foot Function Index was 15.4±19.1 (range, 0 to 43). In conclusion, simultaneous resection of CNC with AALTF seems to have good postoperative clinical outcomes. As AALTF can emerge along with CNC, every patient scheduled for CNC resection should be evaluated for AALTF.

/pdf/treatment-of-calcaneonavicular-coalition-accompanied-by-an-2d4lwp6y.pdf

Treatment of calcaneonavicular coalition accompanied by an accessory anterolateral talar facet

The purposes of this study was to determine the prevalence of the accessory anterolateral talar facet (AALTF); to evaluate the relationship between AALTF, focal abutting bone marrow edema (FABME), and sinus tarsi edema; and to study the prevalence of tarsal coalitions in patients with the AALTF utilizing ankle MR images. 5-T ankle MR images were reviewed for the presence of AALTF, FABME, sinus tarsi edema, tarsal coalition, and location and type of coalition (cartilaginous, fibrous, and osseous). Multivariate analysis was performed to examine the correlation between AALTF and the other variables. Three hundred ninety-one consecutive patients were included (age range 5–86 years; mean age 45 years). An AALTF was present in 3.6% (14/391) of patients. The AALTF prevalence was 2% in women and 6.6% in men. There was a significantly association between AALTF and FABME (9/14, p < 0.05), sinus tarsi edema (13/14, p < 0.05), and tarsal coalition (4/14, p < 0.05). AALTF is relatively often detected on MRI of the ankle and significantly associated with BME, sinus tarsi edema, and subtalar coalition. Patients with a tarsal coalition should be evaluated for the concurrent presence of an AALTF.

Correlation between the accessory anterolateral talar facet, bone marrow edema, and tarsal coalitions.

The widespread adoption of mobile devices, including smartphones, wearables, and the Internet of Things, fostered the potential for data collection and online sharing on a large scale. End users are enthusiastic about the opportunities to share information about their daily activities with their peers using novel devices. Still, there is a growing concern about their privacy. To devise privacy-enhancing technologies that meet users' needs, a better understanding of users' concerns and practices is needed. For that, we applied an online survey to 1,000 participants. We analyze their responses and in this paper we discuss the end users' perspective on mobile privacy, further eliciting the gaps of the Privacy Paradox. The results show that although users state privacy concerns, they do not always act to protect their privacy in mobile apps. Certain privacy actions tend to be more often considered by users. Specific sensors, applications, and data are more correlated with privacy concerns. The results indicate that users have significant concerns about privacy control and information leakage. The senior group (61+) is the group that needs the most help compared to the younger groups. Also, there is a gap between stated concerns and users' actions, and that novel solutions for privacy-enhancing technologies need yet to be developed to ensure that users understand, consider and use those.

A Study of User Concerns about Smartphone Privacy

The widespread adoption of mobile devices, including smartphones, wearables and the Internet of Things (IoT), fostered the potential for data collection and online sharing in large scale. While users tend to be enthusiastic about the opportunities to share information about their everyday activities, there is a growing concern on privacy. To devise solutions for privacy-enhancing technologies that meet users' needs, we need to better understand their current concerns and practices. In this work, we applied an online survey to over 1,000 participants. We analyze their responses and in this paper we discuss the end users' perspective on IoT privacy, further eliciting the gaps of the Privacy Paradox. The results show that although users are concerned about the data privacy breach, certain privacy breaches tend to be more often considered by users. The technology experience of participants has a strongly or moderately significant relationship with most of their answers. The results indicate that there is a considerable percentage of users (24%) need assistance in making privacy-related decisions. Novel solutions for privacy-enhancing technologies need yet to be developed to ensure that users understand, consider and control their private information.

A Study on the Privacy Concerns of the Internet of Things

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Correlation between the accessory anterolateral talar facet, bone marrow edema, and tarsal coalitions.

A Study of User Concerns about Smartphone Privacy

A Study on the Privacy Concerns of the Internet of Things