Revolutionizing waste-to-energy: harnessing the power of triboelectric nanogenerators

Fabrication of environmentally, high-strength, fire-retardant biocomposites from small-diameter wood lignin in situ reinforced cellulose matrix

Abstract The cellulose‐based hydrogel has occupied a pivotal position in almost all walks of life. However, the native cellulose can not be directly used for preparing hydrogel due to the complex non‐covalent interactions. Some literature has discussed the dissolution and modification of cellulose but has yet to address the influence of the pretreatment on the as‐prepared hydrogels. Firstly, the “touching” of cellulose by derived and non‐derived solvents was introduced, namely, the dissolution of cellulose. Secondly, the “conversion” of functional groups on the cellulose surface by special routes, which is the modification of cellulose. The above‐mentioned two parts were intended to explain the changes in physicochemical properties of cellulose by these routes and their influences on the subsequent hydrogel preparation. Finally, the “reinforcement” of cellulose‐based hydrogels by physical and chemical techniques was summarized, viz., improving the mechanical properties of cellulose‐based hydrogels and the changes in the multi‐level structure of the interior of cellulose‐based hydrogels. 

Cellulose dissolution, modification, and the derived hydrogel: A Review.

Acid polysaccharide was extracted from Salvia przewalskii root powders (PSP), purified by diethylaminoethyl cellulose column (DEAE-52) and molecular sieve (PSP2). PSPm1 was obtained by modifying PSP2 with nitrite and phosphoric acid. The chemical structure of PSP2 and PSPm1 exhibited notable distinctions, primarily due to the absence of arabinose and promotion of glucuronic acid (GlcA). The structure of PSPm1 was deduced through the utilization of 1H, 13C, and 2-D NMR. The main chain was linked by α-D-Galp(1 → 3)-α-Glcp-(1 → fragments and →6)-β-D-Galp fragments, with the presence of →4)-α-D-GlcpA-(1 → 6)-β-D-Galp-(1 → , → 4)-α-D-GalAp-(1 → 2,4)-α-D-Rhap-(1 → fragments and →6)-α-Glcp-(1 → 2,4)-β-D-Manp-(1 → fragments. PSPm1 exhibited different immunoregulatory bioactivity in vitro, including haemostatic effects indicated by activated clotting time of 55.5 % reduction by the activated clotting time (ACT) test and wound healing function in vivo. PSPm1 also displayed better anti-tumor biological effects than unmodified. The structure-activity dissimilarity between PSP2 and PSPm1 primarily stems from variations in molecular weight (Mw), monosaccharide composition, and branching patterns. The modification of polysaccharides from the extract residues of Chinese medicinal materials may be a new form of drug supplements. 

Modified acid polysaccharide derived from Salvia przewalskii with excellent wound healing and enhanced bioactivity.

Recent advances in the control of volatile organic compounds emissions from indoor wood-based panels: A comprehensive review.

Ultra-strong and environmentally friendly waste polyvinyl chloride/paper biocomposites

Traditional wood-based panels are usually made from large-diameter trees and rely on adhesives for compactness, which negatively impacts the environment and human health. However, the widely distributed small-diameter shrubs are good raw materials for wood-based panels with abundant fibers, but are often under-exploited. This research reports the preparation of self-bonding biocomposites from Buxus sinica by an innovative combined approach of extraction, alkali treatment, and hot molding. The resulted biocomposites show better mechanical properties in which the flexural modulus (7.79 GPa) and the tensile modulus (4.33 GPa) were 5 times and 1.7 times higher than the conventional fiberboard, respectively, and also demonstrated better hydrophobicity than fiberboard, which could be due to the layer of lignin that formed on its surface preventing the infiltration of water. To sum up, the biocomposites prepared from small-diameter shrubs meet the requirement of the furniture and architectural decoration materials, suggesting that the proposed approach can be used to produce high-performance biocomposites.

Innovative Conversion of Pretreated Buxus sinica into High-Performance Biocomposites for Potential Use as Furniture Material.

Cellulose has attracted considerable attention as the most promising potential candidate raw material for the production of bio-based polymeric materials. In the last decade, significant progress has been made in the production of biopolymers based on different cellulose forms. In this study, cellulose was obtained in an innovative and environmentally friendly way, using boxwood powder. Crude cellulose was obtained by treating Buxus powder with an ethanol–acetic acid–water mixture. Refined cellulose was then obtained by treatment with an acidic sodium hypochlorite solution and alkaline hydrogen peroxide solution. The novel chemistry of cellulose prepared by this method promises to be not only green, but also highly desirable, because of its lower emissions and low cost. It is crucial for the future of the global polymer industry. The refined cellulose was subjected to a high-temperature hydrothermal treatment under two temperatures and time conditions, with temperature gradients of 120, 140, and 160 °C, and time gradients of 1, 2, and 3 h. The samples were subjected to infrared and thermogravimetric analyses. The cellulose undergoes dehydration and thermal degradation reactions during the heat treatment process, and the thermal stability of the residual is enhanced, compared with that of virgin cellulose. Between 120 and 140 °C, the hydroxyl and hypomethyl groups on the surface of cellulose are shed. Groups in the amorphous region of the polymer are the first to be shed. The dehydration reaction reduces the number of free hydroxyl groups on the surface of the cellulose molecules. The dehydration reaction was accelerated by an increase in temperature. Between 140 and 160 °C, the β-(1,4)-glycosidic bond begins to slowly break and some furans are generated. The structure of cellulose undergoes reorganization during thermal treatment. The thermal stability of the modified material is greater than that of untreated cellulose.

/pdf/effect-of-high-temperature-hydrothermal-treatment-on-the-18wfj1va.pdf

Effect of High-Temperature Hydrothermal Treatment on the Cellulose Derived from the Buxus Plant

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