Deep learning models stand for a new learning paradigm in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning. Recent breakthrough results in image analysis and speech recognition have generated a massive interest in this field because also applications in many other domains providing big data seem possible. On a downside, the mathematical and computational methodology underlying deep learning models is very challenging, especially for interdisciplinary scientists. For this reason, we present in this paper an introductory review of deep learning approaches including Deep Feedforward Neural Networks (D-FFNN), Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), Deep Belief Networks (DBNs), Autoencoders (AEs), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks. These models form the major core architectures of deep learning models currently used and should belong in any data scientist's toolbox. Importantly, those core architectural building blocks can be composed flexibly-in an almost Lego-like manner-to build new application-specific network architectures. Hence, a basic understanding of these network architectures is important to be prepared for future developments in AI.

/pdf/an-introductory-review-of-deep-learning-for-prediction-2scaso2g5c.pdf

An Introductory Review of Deep Learning for Prediction Models With Big Data

Deep learning (DL) has solved a problem that a few years ago was thought to be intractable — the automatic recognition of patterns in spatial and temporal data with an accuracy superior to that of humans. It has solved problems beyond the realm of traditional, hand-crafted machine learning algorithms and captured the imagination of practitioners who are inundated with all types of data. As public awareness of the efficacy of DL increases so does the desire to make use of it. But even for highly trained professionals it can be daunting to approach the rapidly increasing body of knowledge in the field. Where does one start? How does one determine if a particular DL model is applicable to their problem? How does one train and deploy them? With these questions in mind, we present an overview of some of the key DL architectures. We also discuss some new automatic architecture optimization protocols that use multi-agent approaches. Further, since guaranteeing system uptime is critical to many applications, a section dwells on using DL for fault detection and mitigation. This is followed by an exploratory survey of several areas where DL emerged as a game-changer: fraud detection in financial applications, financial time-series forecasting, predictive and prescriptive analytics, medical image processing, power systems research and recommender systems. The thrust of this review is to outline emerging applications of DL and provide a reference to researchers seeking to use DL in their work for pattern recognition with unparalleled learning capacity and the ability to scale with data.

pdf/a-review-of-deep-learning-with-special-emphasis-on-19jlaempc7.pdf

A review of deep learning with special emphasis on architectures, applications and recent trends

Recently, the use of social networks such as Facebook, Twitter, and Sina Weibo has become an inseparable part of our daily lives. It is considered as a convenient platform for users to share personal messages, pictures, and videos. However, while people enjoy social networks, many deceptive activities such as fake news or rumors can mislead users into believing misinformation. Besides, spreading the massive amount of misinformation in social networks has become a global risk. Therefore, misinformation detection (MID) in social networks has gained a great deal of attention and is considered an emerging area of research interest. We find that several studies related to MID have been studied to new research problems and techniques. While important, however, the automated detection of misinformation is difficult to accomplish as it requires the advanced model to understand how related or unrelated the reported information is when compared to real information. The existing studies have mainly focused on three broad categories of misinformation: false information, fake news, and rumor detection. Therefore, related to the previous issues, we present a comprehensive survey of automated misinformation detection on (i) false information, (ii) rumors, (iii) spam, (iv) fake news, and (v) disinformation. We provide a state-of-the-art review on MID where deep learning (DL) is used to automatically process data and create patterns to make decisions not only to extract global features but also to achieve better results. We further show that DL is an effective and scalable technique for the state-of-the-art MID. Finally, we suggest several open issues that currently limit real-world implementation and point to future directions along this dimension.

/pdf/deep-learning-for-misinformation-detection-on-online-social-31cbqg7q86.pdf

Deep learning for misinformation detection on online social networks: a survey and new perspectives

Human activity recognition is a key to a lot of applications such as healthcare and smart home. In this study, we provide a comprehensive survey on recent advances and challenges in human activity recognition (HAR) with deep learning. Although there are many surveys on HAR, they focused mainly on the taxonomy of HAR and reviewed the state-of-the-art HAR systems implemented with conventional machine learning methods. Recently, several works have also been done on reviewing studies that use deep models for HAR, whereas these works cover few deep models and their variants. There is still a need for a comprehensive and in-depth survey on HAR with recently developed deep learning methods.

A Survey on Deep Learning for Human Activity Recognition

Deep learning is transforming most areas of science and technology, including electron microscopy. This review paper offers a practical perspective aimed at developers with limited familiarity. For context, we review popular applications of deep learning in electron microscopy. Following, we discuss hardware and software needed to get started with deep learning and interface with electron microscopes. We then review neural network components, popular architectures, and their optimization. Finally, we discuss future directions of deep learning in electron microscopy.

Review: Deep Learning in Electron Microscopy

This paper presents BigDL (a distributed deep learning framework for Apache Spark), which has been used by a variety of users in the industry for building deep learning applications on production big data platforms. It allows deep learning applications to run on the Apache Hadoop/Spark cluster so as to directly process the production data, and as a part of the end-to-end data analysis pipeline for deployment and management. Unlike existing deep learning frameworks, BigDL implements distributed, data parallel training directly on top of the functional compute model (with copy-on-write and coarse-grained operations) of Spark. We also share real-world experience and "war stories" of users that have adopted BigDL to address their challenges(i.e., how to easily build end-to-end data analysis and deep learning pipelines for their production data).

BigDL: A Distributed Deep Learning Framework for Big Data

ThispaperpresentsBigDL (adistributeddeeplearning framework for Apache Spark), which has been used by a variety of users in the industry for building deep learning applications on production big data platforms. It allows deep learning applications to run on the Apache Hadoop/Spark cluster so as to directly process the production data, and as a part of the end-to-end data analysis pipeline for deployment and management. Unlike existing deep learning frameworks, BigDL implements distributed, data parallel training directly on top of the functional compute model (with copy-on-write and coarse-grained operations) of Spark. We also share real-world experience and "war stories" of users that havead-optedBigDLtoaddresstheirchallenges(i.e., howtoeasilybuildend-to-enddataanalysisanddeep learning pipelines for their production data).

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BigDL: A Distributed Deep Learning Framework for Big Data

BigDL: A Distributed Deep Learning Framework for Big Data