The Qinghai Lake basin on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The abrupt rise of the water level of the Qinghai Lake after 2004 has garnered significant attention. Combining remote sensing and observed data, this study estimated the long-term variations in the water area and volume of the lake. In order to explore the factors contributing to the fluctuation in water level, the study developed annual and inter-annual water budgets for two time intervals: 1960 to 2004 and 2004 to 2020. Additionally, a hydrological model was implemented in the Buha River Basin, to gain further insight into the increased runoff and the impact of frozen soil. The study found that the rise in lake level since 2004 was primarily driven by increased runoff, followed by increased precipitation, and decreased evaporation. Furthermore, water budgets were established for the freezing period (November to March of the next year) and the thawing period (April to October), respectively. The results revealed that the contribution of surface runoff during the thawing period was significantly larger at 68.20 % compared to 15.64 % during the freezing period, which is consistent to the conclusions of model simulation suggested. These findings suggest that the degradation of frozen soil in the Qinghai Lake Basin was a significant factor positively influencing surface runoff, with its impact intensifying after 2004. 

The water level change and its attribution of the Qinghai Lake from 1960 to 2020

Engineering activities along the Sichuan–Tibet Railway (STR) could cause land degradation and threaten the surrounding ecological security. It is crucial to evaluate the integrated land ecology during and after the construction of this project. This study assesses the land ecology along the STR corridor from 2000 to 2022 using a transfer matrix, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and the PSR-TOPSIS model. The main results are as follows: (1) The novel comprehensive ecological assessment process including nine indicators is feasible. (2) The high-quality land ecological, surface vegetation, and environmental regions were concentrated in Ya’an and Nyingchi, whereas the low-quality regions were situated in Qamdo and Garze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. (3) There was an overall decline in the integrated land ecological quality along the STR from 2000 to 2022. While it steadily improved in the Ya’an and Nyingchi regions from 2010 to 2022, it continued to decline around the Qamdo region. (4) The most degraded land-use type during the 22 years was grassland, and farmland was the most secure land-use type. Overall, spatial analyses and examinations of residue disposal sites suggested that these locations have negatively impacted integrated land ecology since the beginning of the STR construction project. Our findings have implications for preserving the ecological ecosystem and ensuring the sustainability of the STR construction project. 

Dynamic Integrated Ecological Assessment along the Corridor of the Sichuan–Tibet Railway

The northern desert of China plays an important strategic role in land resource security and national economic development. Research on the spatio-temporal changes of ecological sensitivity can provide a scientific reference for desert management and ecological restoration in arid and semi-arid areas in northern China. This paper takes the northern desert of China as the research area, uses the spatial distance model to build a comprehensive ecological sensitivity evaluation index system, and discusses the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of ecological sensitivity in the area from 1981 to 2022. The results show the following: (1) The land use types in the northern desert of China are mainly sandy land, grassland and other lands. The changing areas of grassland and other lands are 74,353.14 km2 and 50,807.97 km2, which is an important factor affecting the ecological sensitivity in the northern desert of China. (2) Five aspects, including terrain, climate, hydrology, soil and vegetation, influence and restrict each other, and jointly create the background conditions for the distribution and change of ecological sensitivity in the northern desert of China. Climate and terrain are the most important influencing factors affecting the ecological sensitivity of northern desert of China. Vegetation is the most active and basic factor affecting the ecological sensitivity of northern desert of China. Hydrology and soil have a certain limiting effect on the ecological sensitivity of northern desert of China. (3) The spatial heterogeneity of ecological sensitivity in the northern desert of China is significant, showing the characteristics of high volatility in the west, low volatility in the central region and low volatility in the east. (4) For nearly 42 years, ecological sensitivity of the northern desert of China shows first increasing and then decreasing characteristics. The area of the fluctuation reduction zone accounts for 26.34% of the total research area, of which the area of extreme sensitivity and mild sensitivity varies by 11.84% and 65.28%, respectively. (5) The spatial aggregation characteristics of ecological sensitivity have changed significantly, and the area of high–high and low–low agglomeration areas has also been decreasing, indicating that the environment is obviously improving. In the future, we should pay attention to the efficient use of natural resources in the northern desert of China and strengthen the protection of all kinds of land to achieve the sustainable development of the regional environment. 

Spatio-Temporal Evolution of Ecological Sensitivity in the Desert of China from 1981 to 2022

The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass resource recycling and new environmental functional materials, discloses a magnetic ferromanganese oxide-loaded mesoporous cellulose biochar composite, a preparation method thereof and application of the mesoporous cellulose biochar composite in environmental governance and remediation, and is particularly applicable to the field of adsorption of anionic pollutants. The preparation method comprises preparing mesoporous cellulose biochar, compositing MnFe2O4 in one step according to a solvothermal method, and loading the MnFe2O4 onto the mesoporous cellulose biochar to obtain the magnetic ferromanganese oxide-loaded mesoporous cellulose biochar composite. The mesoporous cellulose biochar composite prepared according to the method has the characteristics of strong magnetism, capability of being charged positively under acidic conditions, high dispersion stability, high adsorptive property and the like, can be widely applied to the field of environmental governance and remediation, is particularly applicable to pollution remediation of the anionic pollutants, such as adsorption of heavy metal and organophosphorus pesticides, andhas the glyphosate adsorption capacity as high as 167.2mg/g.

Magnetic ferromanganese oxide-loaded mesoporous cellulose biochar composite, and preparation method and application thereof

Frozen ground (FG) plays an important role in global and regional climates and environments through changes in land freeze‒thaw processes, which have been conducted mainly in different regions. However, the changes in land surface freeze‒thaw processes under climate change on a global scale are still unclear. Based on ERA5-Land hourly land skin temperature data, this study evaluated changes in the global FG area, global land surface first freeze date (FFD), last freeze date (LFD) and frost-free period (FFP) from 1950 to 2020. The results show that the current FG areas (1991‒2020 mean) in the Northern Hemisphere (NH), Southern Hemisphere (SH), and globe are 68.50 × 106, 9.03 × 106, and 77.53 × 106 km2, which account for 72.4%, 26.8%, and 60.4% of the exposed land (excluding glaciers, ice sheets, and water bodies) in the NH, SH and the globe, respectively; further, relative to 1951‒1980, the FG area decreased by 1.9%, 8.8%, and 2.8%, respectively. Seasonally FG at lower latitudes degrades to intermittently FG, and intermittently FG degrades to non-frozen ground, which caused the global FG boundary to retreat to higher latitudes from 1950 to 2020. The annual FG areas in the NH, SH, and globe all show significant decreasing trends (p < 0.05) from 1950 to 2020 at −0.32 × 106, −0.22 × 106, and −0.54 × 106 km2 per decade, respectively. The FFP prolongation in the NH is mainly influenced by LFD advance, while in the SH it is mainly controlled by FFD delay. The prolongation trend of FFP in the NH (1.34 d per decade) is larger than that in the SH (1.15 d per decade). 

Changes in global land surface frozen ground and freeze‒thaw processes during 1950−2020 based on ERA5-Land data

The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass resource reuse and new environmental functional materials, and especially relates to a cellulose modified activated carbon heavy metal adsorption material (CAC-NA), a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof in the fields of environmental treatment and restoration, especially the restoration of heavy metal pollution, such as the heavy metal adsorption field The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) heating cellulose in nitrogen atmosphere to carbonize the cellulose in order obtain cellulose charcoal; (2) mixing the cellulose carbon with a strong alkali and water, drying the obtained mixture to obtain cellulose activated carbon-alkali, and heating the cellulose activated carbon-alkali to obtain cellulose activated carbon; and (3) mixing the cellulose activated carbon with concentrated nitric acid, carrying out a heating and stirring reaction, and filtering, washing and drying the obtained reaction product to obtain the cellulose modified activated carbon heavy metal adsorption material The cellulose modified activated carbon heavy metal adsorption material has the characteristics of high adsorption rate, high adsorption capacity and high removal rate, the heavy metal cadmium adsorption capacity of the material reaches 368 mg/g, and the material is a heavy metal adsorbent having excellent performances

Cellulose modified activated carbon heavy metal adsorption material, and preparation method and application thereof

Ecological sensitivity and its driving factors in the area along the Sichuan–Tibet Railway

The invention belongs to the technical field of biological resource reutilization and discloses a modified cellulose derivative adsorbing material for adsorbing heavy metal, a preparation method thereof and application in the field of heavy metal adsorption The modified cellulose derivative adsorbing material for adsorbing the heavy metal disclosed by the invention is characterized by having a structure shown by a following formula (1) in the description The invention further provides the preparation method The preparation method comprises the steps: utilizing amino of triethylene tetramine to react with hydroxyl of N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide and introducing secondary amino and acylamino; then reacting with carbon disulfide and introducing carbonyl sulfide; through a solution polymerizing mode with cellulose and acrylic acid, obtaining final cellulose modified derivative The adsorbing material disclosed by the invention takes physical adsorption, chemical adsorption and electrostatic adsorption in an adsorbing process into consideration, the adsorption rate capacity and removing rate are high, further the adsorbing material has wide applicability to heavy metal adsorption, adsorption capacity of the adsorbing material to heavy metal cadmium can reach 400mg/g, and the adsorbing material is a heavy metal adsorbent with excellent performance

Modified cellulose derivative adsorbing material for adsorbing heavy metal and preparation method and application thereof

Variation characteristics of frozen ground degradation in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau observed using time series data of MODIS from 2000 to 2020

Accurate information on the dynamic change of wet-snow facies (WSF) in Greenland is important in investigating the mass balance of Greenland ice sheets and assessing global sea level rise. In this study, we proposed a rapid WSF extraction algorithm, referred to as difference method, for extracting WSF at a continental scale and with high spatial resolution using the Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data available on Google Earth Engine. We used this method to extract the WSF in Greenland from May to October in recent 6 years. Accuracy of the extracted results was evaluated using air temperature data from Greenland automatic weather station. Results suggested that the difference method has good precision in extracting WSF from Sentinel-1 SAR data, and can process a large amount of data simply, quickly, and effectively.

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/4609444/09833254.pdf

Extracting Time-Series of Wet-Snow Facies in Greenland Using Sentinel-1 SAR Data on Google Earth Engine

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