Recent Advances on Graphene: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications

A review on the mechanics of graphene nanoplatelets reinforced structures

This study provides a review of recent progress on designs, properties, and mechanisms of surface texturing and solid lubricants. Firstly, the design and processing of surface texture, the type of solid lubricants and the preparation method of texture combined with lubricants are mentioned in design strategy, respectively. Then, effects of surface texture and solid lubricants on tribological properties are analyzed, including antifriction, wear-resistance and other beneficial effects. Next, the synergistic effect mechanisms of surface texture and solid lubricants are discussed, focusing on the effect of texture on the surface/interface of lubricating coating and the lubrication effect of solid lubricants by texturing. Finally, this review looks forward to the problems and future development of texture and lubricants. 

Recent progress on surface texturing and solid lubricants in tribology: Designs, properties, and mechanisms

Supercapacitors are the latest development in the field of energy storage devices (ESDs). A lot of research has been done in the last few decades to increase the performance of supercapacitors. The electrodes of supercapacitors are modified by composite materials based on conducting polymers, metal oxide nanoparticles, metal–organic frameworks, covalent organic frameworks, MXenes, chalcogenides, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), etc. In comparison to rechargeable batteries, supercapacitors have advantages such as quick charging and high power density. This review is focused on the progress in the development of electrode materials for supercapacitors using composite materials based on conducting polymers, graphene, metal oxide nanoparticles/nanofibres, and CNTs. Moreover, we investigated different types of ESDs as well as their electrochemical energy storage mechanisms and kinetic aspects. We have also discussed the classification of different types of SCs; advantages and drawbacks of SCs and other ESDs; and the use of nanofibres, carbon, CNTs, graphene, metal oxide–nanofibres, and conducting polymers as electrode materials for SCs. Furthermore, modifications in the development of different types of SCs such as pseudo-capacitors, hybrid capacitors, and electrical double-layer capacitors are discussed in detail; both electrolyte-based and electrolyte-free supercapacitors are taken into consideration. This review will help in designing and fabricating high-performance supercapacitors with high energy density and power output, which will act as an alternative to Li-ion batteries in the future.

Developments in conducting polymer-, metal oxide-, and carbon nanotube-based composite electrode materials for supercapacitors: a review

Carbon nanomaterials-based electrochemical aptasensor for point-of-care diagnostics of cancer biomarkers

Nanomaterials have garnered significant interests owing to their attractive tribological potentials. Although numerous investigations pertaining to nano-reinforced composites have been conducted, the critical interactions between multidimensional nanoadditives and tribofilms are yet to be reviewed comprehensively. This review critically examines the current state of multidimensional nanomaterials that serve as functional additives in tribology. After brief discussion on major characteristics of multidimensional nanoadditives, the formation mechanisms of a tribofilm under the solid/liquid lubrication states are elaborated, and the functions of multidimensional nanoadditives are discussed. Additionally, concise conclusions regarding the formation mechanism and influencing factors of nano-tribofilms under solid/liquid lubrications are provided. The current challenges and prospects are presented such that the understanding of nano-tribology can be further intensified and their practical applications diversified. 

Important contributions of multidimensional nanoadditives on the tribofilms: From formation mechanism to tribological behaviors

Over the past two decades, nanofillers have attracted significant interest due to their proven chemical, mechanical, and tribological performances. However, despite the significant progress realized in the application of nanofiller-reinforced coatings in various prominent fields, such as aerospace, automobiles and biomedicine, the fundamental effects of nanofillers on the tribological properties of coatings and their underlying mechanisms have rarely been explored by subdividing them into different sizes ranging from zero-dimensional (0D) to three-dimensional (3D) architectures. Herein, we present a systematic review of the latest advances on multi-dimensional nanofillers for enhancing the friction reduction and wear resistance of metal/ceramic/polymer matrix composite coatings. Finally, we conclude with an outlook for future investigations on multi-dimensional nanofillers in tribology, providing possible solutions for the key challenges in their commercial applications.

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Advanced progress on the significant influences of multi-dimensional nanofillers on the tribological performance of coatings

In recent years, carbon materials reinforced composites have aroused widespread interests owing to their remarkable physicochemical performances and important biological potentials. But, their enhanced applications in multidimensional fields of mechanics, thermology, electricity, tribology and the biomedicine are rarely reported. Systematacially, this review discusses typical micro/nano-structures, main properties and multidimensional applications from carbon nanotubes and graphite to fullerenes, subsequently to graphene and nanodiamonds, next to carbon fibers, finally to the amorphous carbons. After introduction of micro/nano-structures and absorbing properties of carbon materials, which are subsequently analyzed in the multi-scaled mechanics. Afterward, important discussions on thermal enhancements and electrical contributions of carbon materials are respectively reported in 3 Thermal enhancement effects of carbon materials, 4 Electrical contributions of carbon materials. Subsequently, their mechanisms for achieving friction-reduction and antiwear are summarized. Advanced progress of biomedical adhibition of carbon material is further elaborated. Finally, this review is concluded with the outlooks on crucial challenge and future opportunity for widening multidimensional applications. 

Recent progress on carbon-based composites in multidimensional applications

Multidimensional nanoadditives in tribology

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