Wheat cultivar Een1, 34 near isogenic lines (NILs), and two cultivars were used as plant materials to evaluate the resistance of Een1 to leaf rust disease. Infection type identification and gene postulation were carried out by inoculation of 12 Chinese Puccinia triticina (Pt) pathotypes. Based on the unique phenotype of Een1, we speculated that Een1 might carry Lr gene(s) different from the tested ones. The chromosomal locations for resistance gene to leaf rust disease was employed using SSR primers mapping the populations derived from the cross between Een1 and susceptible Thatcher. A total of 285 plants in the F2 population were tested by inoculating Pt pathotype FHNQ during the seedling stage. Results from the segregation analysis fits a ratio of 3:1 ( χ 3 : 1 2 = 2 . 37 , P = 0.12), indicating the presence of a single dominant gene in Een1 conferring resistance to FHNQ. A total of 1,255 simple sequence repeat (SSR) primers were first used to identify the likely linked markers based on bulk segregation analysis (BSA), and then those likely linked markers were further genotyped in the F 2 population for linkage analysis. Our linkage analysis found that the resistance gene (LrE1) was distal to seven SSR loci on the long arm of chromosome 7B, with distances from 2.6 cM (Xgwm344) to 27.1 cM (Xgwm131). The closest marker Xgwm344 was further verified with F 3 lines.

Evaluation of leaf rust resistance in the Chinese wheat cultivar 'Een1'.

Wheat leaf rust isÂ aÂ devastating disease worldwide. Identification ofÂ leaf rust resistance genes inÂ seedlings and ofÂ genes for slow rusting are important inÂ resistance breeding and for gene deployment toÂ control the disease. AÂ total ofÂ 108 wheat cultivars from the Beijing and Shandong province and aÂ set ofÂ 36 differentials, mostly near-isogenic lines inÂ the background ofÂ Thatcher with known leaf rust resistance genes, were tested with 20 Puccinia triticina pathotypesÂ (FHJS1, FGBQ,PGJQ, SHJT, FHGQ, PHTT1, FHGQ, FHGQ, PHJS, THSM, FHSQ, PHST, PRSQ, FNTQ, PHGM, KHGQ, PHTT2, TGTT, FHJS2, NHHT) at the seedling stage inÂ the greenhouse. The cultivars and differentials were also planted inÂ the field toÂ test their slow rusting resistance using aÂ mixture ofÂ races atÂ Baoding, Hebei province and Zhoukou, Henan province, for two consecutive years. Ten leaf rust resistance genes, Lr1, 9, 10, 19, 20, 24, 26, 34, 37 and 46 were identifiedÂ in the 57 commercial wheat cultivars, either singly or in combination, using molecular markers. Combined, the results from gene postulation and marker detection showed that one orÂ more ofÂ the genes Lr1, 3, 10, 14a, 14b, 26, 36, 39, 34 and 46, were present inÂ 57Â cultivars, and that noÂ known resistance gene was present inÂ the remaining 51 cultivars. The resistance gene Lr26 was present inÂ 42Â cultivars, and nine cultivars contained Lr1. Lr46 was present inÂ 10 cultivars, asÂ indicated byÂ the presence ofÂ the closely linked marker csLV46G22. Seven genotypes were identified asÂ possibly carrying the gene Lr39. Lr3 and 10 were found inÂ six and four genotypes, respectively. The ggenes Lr14b and 34 were each present inÂ three cultivars, while evidence for the presence ofÂ Lr14a and 36 was obtained inÂ single genotypes. Finally, 12 cultivars showed slow rusting resistance atÂ two locations inÂ two crop seasons. The identification ofÂ leaf rust resistance genes inÂ Chinese wheat cultivars will beÂ helpful for gene deployment toÂ control leaf rust. 

https://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/9/2023-CJGPB.pdf

Identification of genes for leaf rust resistance in seedlings of wheat cultivars from the Yellow-Huai Basin in China and slow rusting observations in field trials

Identification of leaf rust resistance genes in common wheat varieties from China and foreign countries

Identification of known leaf rust resistance genes in common wheat cultivars from Sichuan province in China

Leaf rust (LR) is the most widespread disease of common wheat worldwide. In order to evaluate leaf rust resistance, 70 uncharacterized wheat cultivars and promising lines with unknown leaf rust resistance genes (Lr genes) were exposed to Kazakhstani Puccinia triticina (Pt) races at the seedling stage. Field tests were performed to characterize leaf rust responses at the adult plant growth stage in the 2020-2021 and 2021-2022 cropping seasons. The wheat collection showed phenotypic diversity when tested with two virulent races of Pt. Thirteen wheat genotypes (18.6%) showed high resistance at both seedling and adult plant stages. In most cases, breeding material originating from international nurseries showed higher resistance to LR. Nine Lr genes, viz. Lr9, Lr10, Lr19, Lr26, Lr28, Lr34, Lr37, Lr46, and Lr68, either singly or in combination, were identified in 47 genotypes. Known Lr genes were not detected in the remaining 23 genotypes. The most commonly identified resistance genes were Lr37 (17 cultivars), Lr34 (16 cultivars), and Lr46 (10 cultivars), while Lr19, Lr68, Lr26, and Lr28 were the least frequent. Four Lr genes were identified in Keremet and Hisorok, followed by three Lr genes in Aliya, Rasad, Reke, Mataj, Egana and Almaly/Obri. The molecular screening revealed twenty-nine carriers of a single Lr gene, ten carriers of two genes, six carriers of three genes, and two carriers of four genes. Most of these accessions showed a high and moderate level of APR (Adult plant resistance) and may be utilized for the incorporation of Lr genes in well-adapted wheat cultivars. The most effective combination was Lr37, Lr34, and Lr68, the carriers of which were characterized by a low disease susceptibility index. The obtained results will facilitate breeding programs for wheat resistance in Kazakhstan. 

Phenotyping and Identification of Molecular Markers Associated with Leaf Rust Resistance in the Wheat Germplasm from Kazakhstan, CIMMYT and ICARDA

Analysis of wheat leaf rust resistance genes in 30 important wheat cultivars.

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Analysis of wheat leaf rust resistance genes in 30 important wheat cultivars.