Switches, and Actuators Masahiro Irie,*,† Tuyoshi Fukaminato,‡ Kenji Matsuda, and Seiya Kobatake †Research Center for Smart Molecules, Rikkyo University, Nishi-Ikebukuro 3-34-1, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan ‡Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, N20, W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka City University, Sugimoto 3-3-138, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan

Photochromism of Diarylethene Molecules and Crystals: Memories, Switches, and Actuators

Molecular systems encompassing more than one photochromic entity can be used to build highly functional materials, thanks to their potential multi-addressability and/or multi-response properties. Over the last decade, the synthesis and spectroscopic and kinetic characterisation as well as the modeling of a wide range of multiphotochromes have been achieved in a field that is emerging as a distinct branch of photochemistry. In this review, we provide an overview of the available multiphotochromic compounds which use a variety of photoactive building blocks, e.g., diarylethene, azobenzene, spiropyran, naphthopyran or fulgimide derivatives. Their efficiency in terms of multi-responsiveness is discussed and several strategies to circumvent the most common limitation (i.e., the loss of photochromism of one part) are described.

Multiphotochromic molecular systems

Transmetalation of Unsaturated Carbon Nucleophiles from Boron-Containing Species to the Mid to Late d-Block Metals of Relevance to Catalytic C−X Coupling Reactions (X = C, F, N, O, Pb, S, Se, Te)

Gold(I) alkynyl complexes present a growing research field with respect to their very wide range of applications in different areas such as luminescence, molecular recognition, optical switches, electronics and catalysis. Biological applications are also being developed in the recent years, where these complexes are used as therapeutic agents against different illnesses such as cancer cells or malaria. Related to luminescence, a general overview of the different states responsible for the observed emission is also included in this critical review. In some cases, the assignment is complicated due to the influence of the gold(I) atom and its capability to form metal⋯metal interactions (aurophilicity). Although an extensive discussion has been found in the literature related to the luminescent properties of these complexes, to the best of our knowledge there are not reports covering the span of their very interesting applications. The widespread research fields where this kind of complexes could present a key role is presented in this review (119 references).

Applications of gold(I) alkynyl systems: a growing field to explore

To realize the molecular design of new functional silver(I) clusters, a new synthetic approach has been proposed, by which the weakly coordinating ligands NO3– in a Ag20 thiolate cluster precursor can be substituted by carboxylic ligands while keeping its inner core intact. By rational design, novel atom-precise carboxylic or amino acid protected 20-core Ag(I)-thiolate clusters have been demonstrated for the first time. The fluorescence and electrochemical activity of the postmodified Ag20 clusters can be modulated by alrestatin or ferrocenecarboxylic acid substitution. More strikingly, when chiral amino acids were used as postmodified ligands, CD-activity was observed for the Ag20 clusters, unveiling an efficient way to obtain atom-precise chiral silver(I) clusters.

Atom-Precise Modification of Silver(I) Thiolate Cluster by Shell Ligand Substitution: A New Approach to Generation of Cluster Functionality and Chirality.

Syntheses and Properties of Binuclear Ruthenium Vinyl Complexes with Dithienylethene Units as Multifunction Switches

Synthesis, Characterization, and Properties of Binuclear Gold(I) Phosphine Alkynyl Complexes

Novel photochromic macrocycles composed of thiophene and ethylene building blocks: synthesis, structure, and photochromic property

The synthesis and photochromic properties of two bis(phosphine) ligands based on dithienylethene backbone and their oxides, sulfurets and selenides

Synthesis and application of novel ionic phosphine ligands with a cobaltocenium backbone

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