In this paper, we present a simple design of six-band terahertz (THz) perfect metasurface absorber (PMSA) composed of a single circular-split-ring (CSR) structure placed over a ground-plane by a dielectric substrate. The average absorbance of 99.1% at six distinct frequencies can be obtained for the proposed PMSA under normal incident THz wave. The distribution characteristics of electric field reveal that the six absorption peaks of the proposed PMSA mainly originate from the combination of the higher-order localized surface plasmon (LSP) and propagating surface plasmon (PSP) resonance modes. Moreover, the influences of geometric parameters on the resonance absorption properties of PMSA were investigated numerically. Owing to its excellent properties, this design of the six-band PMSA may have potential applications in imaging, sensing and detection.

Simple design of a six-band terahertz perfect metasurface absorber based on a single resonator structure

A highly sensitive absorption-based sensor based on folded split-ring metamaterial graphene resonators (FSRMGRs) is designed, and its biomedical application in terahertz (THz) spectrum is investigated. The sensor has a nearly perfect absorption, with a spectral absorption coefficient of 99.75% at 4 THz and an average Q-factor of 13.76. The resonance peak frequency is sensitive to the refractive index (RI) of the test medium (analyte), and a fairly high sensitivity of 851 GHz/RIU has been obtained. The specifications of the sensor can be tuned by an external DC-bias voltage applied to the graphene layer. According to the obtained results, the developed absorber appears to be a good candidate bio-sensing applications.

/pdf/highly-sensitive-thz-refractive-index-sensor-based-on-folded-3qb6gxmn7p.pdf

Highly Sensitive THz Refractive Index Sensor Based on Folded Split-Ring Metamaterial Graphene Resonators

Increasing attention on microwave ultra-broadband metamaterial absorbers has been paid due to their promising applications. While most microwave ultra-broadband metamaterial absorbers developed so far are based on metallic resonant structures, dispersive dielectric water-based metamaterial opens a simpler and more versatile route for the construction of polarization- and angle- insensitive ultra-broadband absorption. Here, we review the recent progress of water-based metamaterial absorbers by providing an illustration of the mechanisms to realize ultra-broadband, tunable and multi-functional absorption. We also address the further development direction and some potential novel applications. 

Progress in water-based metamaterial absorbers: a review

The emergence of metamaterials and their continued prosperity have built a powerful working platform for accurately manipulating the behavior of electromagnetic waves, providing sufficient possibility for the realization of metamaterial absorbers with outstanding performance. However, metamaterial absorbers composed of metallic materials typically possess many unfavorable factors, such as non‐adjustable absorption, easy oxidation, low‐melting, and expensive preparation costs. The selection of dielectric materials provides excellent alternatives due to their remarkable properties, thus dielectric‐based metamaterial absorbers (DBMAs) have attracted much attention. To promote breakthroughs in DBMAs and guide their future development, this work systematically and deeply reviews the recent research progress of DBMAs from four different but progressive aspects, including physical principles; classifications, material selections and tunable properties; preparation technologies; and functional applications. Five different types of theories and related physical mechanisms, such as Mie resonance, guided‐mode resonance, and Anapole resonance, are briefly outlined to explain DBMAs having near‐perfect absorption performance. Mainstream material selections, structure designs, and different types of tunable DBMAs are highlighted. Several widely utilized preparation methods for customizing DBMAs are given. Various practical applications of DBMAs in sensing, stealth technology, solar energy absorption, and electromagnetic interference suppression are reviewed. Finally, some key challenges and feasible solutions for DBMAs’ future development are provided.

Dielectric‐Based Metamaterials for Near‐Perfect Light Absorption

In this paper, we present and investigate a multi-band metamaterial perfect absorber based on the heterogeneous structure of graphene with Cu and SiO2 substrates. The top layer of structure consists of one graphene disk at the center and four graphene solid triangle with semicircular cuts on them that surround the central disk. This heterogeneous structure causes us to achieve 99.5%, 99.7%, 94.71% and 97.06% perfect absorptions peaks at 4.24 THz, 5.89 THz, 9.66 THz and 10.62 THz, respectively. The absorption mechanism based on electric fields has been investigated. We can shift the wavelength of absorption peaks to our required wavelength by changing the Fermi level (µc) of graphene. Two absorption peaks of this absorber remain unchanged in different light incident angles. In addition, very important point about this structure is that it is not sensitive to polarization and this feature makes the proposed absorber very suitable for applications such as imaging, filtering, sensing and detecting applications. 

/pdf/multiband-polarization-insensitive-and-tunable-terahertz-fdnc0lw4.pdf

Multiband polarization insensitive and tunable terahertz metamaterial perfect absorber based on the heterogeneous structure of graphene

In this paper, an ultrathin and ultrabroadband metamaterial absorber based on 3D water microchannels is proposed. The experimental results show an absorption rate over 90% and a relative bandwidth up to 165% in the frequency band between 9.6 and 98.9 GHz. This polarization-independent absorber can work at a wide angle of incidence and exhibits good thermal stability. Benefiting from ultrabroadband absorption, thin thickness, low cost, and environmentally friendly materials, the proposed metamaterial absorber can be used in the fields of electromagnetic wave stealth and electromagnetic radiation protection. Related device design and research methods can be extended to the applied research in the terahertz and optical bands.

/pdf/ultrabroadband-microwave-absorber-based-on-3d-water-20p6tyf2ds.pdf

Ultrabroadband microwave absorber based on 3D water microchannels

Multi-band metamaterial absorbers (MMAs) are widely used in detecting and sensing fields to achieve selective frequency detection. In this study, a triple-narrowband absorber based on a symmetrical dual-trident structure is numerically designed for high absorption and sensing applications in the terahertz region. Simulation results show that the maximum absorptivity of three distinctive narrow-band absorption peaks is up to 99.94% and any of the three resonance frequencies can be utilized for bio-sensing. According to bio-sensing detection, the proposed sensor can simultaneously detect the thickness and refractive index of an unknown layer by utilizing different frequency shifts of the three resonance absorption peaks. The deviation of RI and thickness is 0.075 and zero, respectively. Results show that such a simple designed absorber could provide a desirable promising for terahertz-wave absorption and sensing applications.

A multi-band absorber based on a dual-trident structure for sensing application

A reconfigurable metamaterial for chirality switching and selective intensity modulation is demonstrated experimentally. Through simple folding strategy, nonchiral state, single-band chiral states and dual-bands chiral states can be switched. Circular dichroism up to 0.94 is measured with folding angles of 70°. Meanwhile, selective intensity modulation is realized by the combined effect of folding angle and incident angle. The transmission intensity of circularly polarized waves can be modulated by more than 90% at any selected resonating frequency between 8.97 and 10.73 GHz. This work will benefit the researches of foldable metamaterials and have potential applications in the field of reconfigurable devices.

Reconfigurable metamaterial for chirality switching and selective intensity modulation.


 In this article, the effects of the rotation angle between upper and lower n-fold rotational symmetric nano-structures are studied. Various modes of circular dichroism (single wavelength band, dual-wavelength bands, and more than two wavelength bands) in the wavelength band from 3.3 to 5 µm are realized. Absorption up to 0.994 and absorptive circular dichroism up to 0.867 are observed. Meanwhile, sensitivity of circular dichroism to the rotation angle and reconfigure strategy for opposite responses has been discussed. Based on Born-Kuhn model, physical mechanism of mode’s switching is explained with charge distributions. The multi-mode chiroptical responses in mid-infrared band and the variety of design strategies have potential applications in the field of thermal remote sensing detection and tunable multi-band chiral devices.

/pdf/multi-mode-circular-dichroism-in-n-fold-rotational-symmetric-4ieo6zw6cm.pdf

Multi-Mode Circular Dichroism in N-Fold Rotational Symmetric Metamaterials

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Papers

Ultrabroadband microwave absorber based on 3D water microchannels

A multi-band absorber based on a dual-trident structure for sensing application

Reconfigurable metamaterial for chirality switching and selective intensity modulation.

Multi-Mode Circular Dichroism in N-Fold Rotational Symmetric Metamaterials