Development of reliable and sustainable energy storage options is becoming increasingly important as we continue to consume more non-renewable fossil fuels. Supercapacitors are a promising solution to this issue due to their high-power density, fast charge/discharge process, and excellent cycle stability. However, while they have many advantages, their energy density is still lower than traditional batteries, and their performance depends on the electrode materials used. Recent advancements in metal oxide-based electrodes have attracted significant attention due to their high specific capacitance and good cycling stability. This review provides an overview of these advancements, specifically focusing on RuO2, MnO2, Co3O4, NiO, and their nanocomposites. These oxide materials are selected as they have excellent reversibility and superior performance in terms of high specific capacitance among the metal oxide community. The review begins by discussing the working principles, types, and factors affecting the performance of these metal oxide-based electrodes. It then highlights the advantages and limitations of metal oxide-based electrodes, compares their performance with other electrode materials, and discusses current challenges and prospects for the development of four metal oxide-based supercapacitors. Lastly, the review explores the effectiveness of metal oxide-based, solid-state, and flexible supercapacitors and discusses the global market for supercapacitors. 

A comprehensive review of metal oxides (RuO2, Co3O4, MnO2 and NiO) for supercapacitor applications and global market trends

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) enable many processes to be environmentally friendly. This Tutorial Review aims to showcase the roles of DESs in the synthesis of functional materials from a green chemistry perspective. 

Deep eutectic solvent as emerging green platform for synthesis of functional materials

Poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs) have emerged as a family of polymeric materials which are being increasingly investigated for interdisciplinary applications recently. The high electrical conductivity, excellent thermal/mechanical stability, low vapor pressure,...

Poly(ionic liquid)s: An emerging platform for green chemistry

Scientists have directed their efforts towards advancing energy storage devices to address the growing energy problem resulting from the depletion of non-renewable resources. Supercapacitor, are innovative energy conversion and storage devices got attraction because of their longer lifetime and specific power. This study presents the hydrothermal route to fabricate Co3O4, g-CN and Co3O4@g-CN nanohybrid. Different characterization methods evaluated the morphological, electrochemical and structural characteristics of fabricated material. The 3-electrode configuration was used to investigate electrochemical characteristics, specifically in KOH with a 2.0 M solution. The galvanostatic charge/discharge plots of Co3O4@g-CN nanohybrid had Cs value of 764 F/g, which was higher than individual Co3O4, g-CN 562, 238 F/g respectively. The analysis of electrochemical stability demonstrates that Co3O4@g-CN material demonstrates structural stability after the 5000th charge/discharge cycles with (95%) retention. The Nyquist plot was utilized to find charge transfer resistance of the Co3O4@g-CN nanohybrid resulting in a value of 0.4 Ω. This value was found to be lower than the charge transfer resistances of both Co3O4 and g-CN. The Co3O4@g-CN electrode material exhibits improved electrochemical characteristics, making it a viable candidate for incorporation into supercapacitor. Moreover, their material stability suggests their potential to be used in future generation energy storage equipment. 

Improved electrochemical behavior of Co3O4@graphtic carbon nitride nanosheets for supercapacitor applications

Sodium lignosulfonate-derived hierarchical porous carbon electrode materials for supercapacitor applications

Carbon materials play an important role in supercapacitor applications due to their diverse structures, rich surface morphology, excellent chemical stability and highly active surfaces. Currently, there are many reports on...

Molten salt technique for synthesis of carbon-based materials for supercapacitor

Recent Progress in Co3O4‐Based Nanomaterials for supercapacitors

Carbon-based materials have demonstrated excellent thermal, electric, optical, magnetic, and mechanical properties, offering promising application potential in many fields. Corresponding synthetic approaches meeting the requirements of sustainable development goals are...

Salt assisted synthesis of advanced carbon-based materials for energy related applications

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