Hadron-hadron (h-h) collisions at high energies are investigated in the ultra-relativistic quantum molecular dynamics (UrQMD) approach. This microscopic transport model describes the phenomenology of hadronic interactions at low and intermediate energies ( 5 GeV, the excitation of colour strings and their subsequent fragmentation into hadrons dominates the multiple production of particles in the UrQMD model. The model shows a fair overall agreement with a large body of experimental h-h data over a wide range of h-h centre-of-mass energies. Hadronic reaction data with higher precision would be useful to support the use of the UrQMD model for relativistic heavy-ion collisions.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0954-3899/25/9/308/pdf

Relativistic hadron-hadron collisions in the ultra-relativistic quantum molecular dynamics model

Hadron-hadron collisions at high energies are investigated in the Ultra-relativistic-Quantum-Molecular-Dynamics approach (UrQMD). This microscopic transport model is designed to study pp, pA and A+A collisions. It describes the phenomenology of hadronic interactions at low and intermediate energies ($\sqrt s 5$ GeV, the excitation of color strings and their subsequent fragmentation into hadrons dominates the multiple production of particles in the UrQMD model. The model shows a fair overall agreement with a large body of experimental h-h data over a wide range of h-h center-of-mass energies. Hadronic reaction data with higher precision would be useful to support the use of the UrQMD model for relativistic heavy ion collisions.

Relativistic Hadron-Hadron Collisions in the Ultra-Relativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics Model (UrQMD)

GENIE [1] is a new neutrino event generator for the experimental neutrino physics community. The goal of the project is to develop a ‘canonical’ neutrino interaction physics Monte Carlo whose validity extends to all nuclear targets and neutrino flavors from MeV to PeV energy scales. Currently, emphasis is on the few-GeV energy range, the challenging boundary between the non-perturbative and perturbative regimes, which is relevant for the current and near future long-baseline precision neutrino experiments using accelerator-made beams. The design of the package addresses many challenges unique to neutrino simulations and supports the full life-cycle of simulation and generator-related analysis tasks. GENIE is a large-scale software system, consisting of ∼ 120 000 lines of C ++ code, featuring a modern object-oriented design and extensively validated physics content. The first official physics release of GENIE was made available in August 2007, and at the time of the writing of this article, the latest available version was v2.4.4.

/pdf/the-genie-neutrino-monte-carlo-generator-2q02u4b3ug.pdf

The GENIE * Neutrino Monte Carlo Generator

We present measurements of {nu}{sub {mu}} disappearance in K2K, the KEK to Kamioka long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment. One-hundred and twelve beam-originated neutrino events are observed in the fiducial volume of Super-Kamiokande with an expectation of 158.1{sub -8.6}{sup +9.2} events without oscillation. A distortion of the energy spectrum is also seen in 58 single-ring muonlike events with reconstructed energies. The probability that the observations are explained by the expectation for no neutrino oscillation is 0.0015% (4.3{sigma}). In a two-flavor oscillation scenario, the allowed {delta}m{sup 2} region at sin{sup 2}2{theta}=1 is between 1.9 and 3.5x10{sup -3} eV{sup 2} at the 90% C.L. with a best-fit value of 2.8x10{sup -3} eV{sup 2}.

/pdf/measurement-of-neutrino-oscillation-by-the-k2k-experiment-3kl4suxdu4.pdf

Measurement of neutrino oscillation by the K2K experiment

Low-energy hadron physics from effective chiral Lagrangians with vector mesons

166 events of the reaction ν+n→μ−+p at an average neutrino energy of ∼ 0.7 GeV have been observed in the Argonne National Laboratory 12-ft deuterium bubble chamber. The results are well described by the conventional current-current weak-interaction theory with three real form factors FV1, FV2, and FA. Using electron-nucleon scattering results to fix the vector mass MV at 0.84 GeV, and assuming a dipole form for FA, we obtain the value 0.95 ± 0.12 GeV for the axial-vector mass MA.

Study of the reaction nu n ---> mu- p

We present an analysis of 153 events of the reaction $\ensuremath{\nu}p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}p$ at an average neutrino energy of 1 GeV. The results were obtained using the Argonne 12-ft hydrogen bubble chamber. The reaction is dominated by ${\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\Delta}}^{++}(1236)$ production for which the total cross section rises from threshold to a value of (0.74\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.18)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\ensuremath{-}38}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ at ${E}_{\ensuremath{\nu}}\ensuremath{\gtrsim}1.0$ GeV. The production and decay angular distributions of the ${\ensuremath{\Delta}}^{++}$ are given. There is no evidence for hadron-lepton mass enhancements.

Study of the reaction nu p ---> mu- pi+ p

Neutral-Strange-Particle Production in 205-GeV pp Interactions

Reaction p+p-->γ+ANYTHING at 205 GeV and its Implications for π 0 Production.

Inclusive ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ distributions from 205-GeV/c $\mathrm{pp}$ interactions, covering the full range of longitudinal and transverse momenta, have been obtained using the 30-in hydrogen bubble chamber at the National Accelerator Laboratory These data provide new evidence for scaling in the fragmentation region and for a plateau in the central region of rapidity The 90\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}-cm invariant cross section varies as $\mathrm{exp}[\ensuremath{-}(10\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2){{P}_{T}}^{2}]$ in the range ${{P}_{T}}^{2}l~01$ ${(\mathrm{G}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{V}/\mathit{c})}^{2}$

Inclusive π - Distributions from 205-GeV/c pp Interactions

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