BACKGROUND Handgrip strength (HGS) is associated with poor clinical outcomes, including all-cause, non-cardiovascular, and cardiovascular mortalities. The published cut-off points for HGS are mostly based on community populations from Western countries, lacking information on cancer patients from China. The objective of this study was to establish sex-specific cut-off points for Chinese cancer patients and investigate the effect of low HGS on cancer mortality. METHODS We did a retrospective cohort study of patients who were diagnosed with malignant cancer from June 2012 to December 2018. HGS was measured using a hand dynamometer in 8257 cancer patients. Optimal stratification was used to solve threshold points. The hazard ratio (HR) of all cancer mortality and cancer-specific mortality was calculated using Cox proportional hazard regression models. RESULTS Among all participants, there were 3902 (47.3%) women and 4355 (52.7%) men. The median age was 58 years old. The cut-off points of HGS to best classify patients with respect to time to mortality were <16.1 kg for women and <22 kg for men. Low HGS was associated with overall cancer mortality in both women and men [HR = 1.339, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.170-1.531, P < 0.001; HR = 1.346, 95% CI = 1.176-1.540, P < 0.001, respectively]. For specific cancer types, low HGS was associated with breast cancer (HR = 1.593, 95% CI = 1.230-2.063, P < 0.001) in women, and lung cancer (HR = 1.369, 95% CI = 1.005-1.866, P = 0.047) and colorectal cancer (HR = 1.399, 95% CI = 1.007-1.944, P = 0.045) in men. CONCLUSIONS On the basis of our sex-specific cut-off points, low HGS was strongly associated with cancer mortalities. These results indicate the usefulness of HGS measurement in routine clinical practice for improving patient assessments, cancer prognosis, and intervention.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/jcsm.12614

Associations of low handgrip strength with cancer mortality: a multicentre observational study

This review discusses the associations of muscular strength (MusS) with cardiovascular disease (CVD), CVD-related death, and all-cause mortality, as well as CVD risk factors, such as metabolic syndrome, diabetes, obesity, and hypertension. We then briefly review the role of resistance exercise training in modulating CVD risk factors and incident CVD.The role of MusS has been investigated over the years, as it relates to the risk to develop CVD and CVD risk factors. Reduced MusS, also known as dynapenia, has been associated with increased risk for CVD, CVD-related mortality, and all-cause mortality. Moreover, reduced MusS is associated with increased cardiometabolic risk. The majority of the studies investigating the role of MusS with cardiometabolic risk, however, are observational studies, not allowing to ultimately determine association versus causation. Importantly, MusS is also essential for the identification of nutritional status and body composition abnormalities, such as frailty and sarcopenia, which are major risk factors for CVD.

Muscular Strength and Cardiovascular Disease: AN UPDATED STATE-OF-THE-ART NARRATIVE REVIEW

Objective To investigate whether the addition of grip strength and/or self-reported walking pace to established cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk scores improves their predictive abilities. Patients and Methods A total of 406,834 participants from the UK Biobank, with baseline measurements between March 13, 2006, and October 1, 2010, without CVD at baseline were included in this study. Associations of grip strength and walking pace with CVD outcomes were investigated using Cox models adjusting for classical risk factors (as included in established risk scores), and predictive utility was determined by changes in C-index and categorical net reclassification index. Results Over a median of 8.87 years of follow-up (interquartile range 3, 8.25-9.47 years), there were 7274 composite fatal/nonfatal events (on the basis of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association [ACC/AHA] outcome) and 1955 fatal events (on the basis of the Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation [SCORE] risk score). Both grip strength and walking pace were inversely associated with CVD outcomes after adjusting for classical risk factors. Addition of grip strength (change in C-index: ACC/AHA, +0.0017; SCORE, +0.0047), usual walking pace (ACC/AHA, +0.0031; SCORE, +0.0130), and both combined (ACC/AHA, +0.0041; SCORE, +0.0148) improved the C-index and also improved the net reclassification index (grip, +0.55%; walking pace, +0.53%; combined, 1.12%). Conclusion The present study has found that the addition of grip strength or usual walking pace to existing risk scores results in improved CVD risk prediction, with an additive effect when both are added. As both these measures are cheap and easy to administer, these tools could provide an important addition to CVD risk screening, although further external validation is required.

/pdf/grip-strength-and-walking-pace-and-cardiovascular-disease-4z9v9vpdd5.pdf

Grip Strength and Walking Pace and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Prediction in 406,834 UK Biobank Participants

The association of grip strength with cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality in people with hypertension: Findings from the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology China Study.

BACKGROUND
Hand grip strength (HGS) is a widely used functional test for the assessment of strength and functional status in patients with cancer, in particular with cancer cachexia. The aim was to prospectively evaluate the prognostic value of HGS in patients with mostly advanced cancer with and without cachexia and to establish reference values for a European-based population.


METHODS
In this prospective study, 333 patients with cancer (85% stage III/IV) and 65 healthy controls of similar age and sex were enrolled. None of the study participants had significant cardiovascular disease or active infection at baseline. Repetitive HGS assessment was performed using a hand dynamometer to measure the maximal HGS (kilograms). Presence of cancer cachexia was defined when patients had ≥5% weight loss within 6 months or when body mass index was <20.0 kg/m2 with ≥2% weight loss (Fearon's criteria). Cox proportional hazard analyses were performed to assess the relationship of maximal HGS to all-cause mortality and to determine cut-offs for HGS with the best predictive power. We also assessed associations with additional relevant clinical and functional outcome measures at baseline, including anthropometric measures, physical function (Karnofsky Performance Status and Eastern Cooperative of Oncology Group), physical activity (4-m gait speed test and 6-min walk test), patient-reported outcomes (EQ-5D-5L and Visual Analogue Scale appetite/pain) and nutrition status (Mini Nutritional Assessment).


RESULTS
The mean age was 60 ± 14 years; 163 (51%) were female, and 148 (44%) had cachexia at baseline. Patients with cancer showed 18% lower HGS than healthy controls (31.2 ± 11.9 vs. 37.9 ± 11.6 kg, P < 0.001). Patients with cancer cachexia had 16% lower HGS than those without cachexia (28.3 ± 10.1 vs. 33.6 ± 12.3 kg, P < 0.001). Patients with cancer were followed for a mean of 17 months (range 6-50), and 182 (55%) patients died during follow-up (2-year mortality rate 53%) (95% confidence interval 48-59%). Reduced maximal HGS was associated with increased mortality (per -5 kg; hazard ratio [HR] 1.19; 1.10-1.28; P < 0.0001; independently of age, sex, cancer stage, cancer entity and presence of cachexia). HGS was also a predictor of mortality in patients with cachexia (per -5 kg; HR 1.20; 1.08-1.33; P = 0.001) and without cachexia (per -5 kg; HR 1.18; 1.04-1.34; P = 0.010). The cut-off for maximal HGS with the best predictive power for poor survival was <25.1 kg for females (sensitivity 54%, specificity 63%) and <40.2 kg for males (sensitivity 69%, specificity 68%).


CONCLUSIONS
Reduced maximal HGS was associated with higher all-cause mortality, reduced overall functional status and decreased physical performance in patients with mostly advanced cancer. Similar results were found for patients with and without cancer cachexia.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/jcsm.13248

Hand grip strength in patients with advanced cancer: A prospective study.

Role of Muscular Strength on the Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death in Men.

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

Xuemi Sui

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Role of Muscular Strength on the Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death in Men.