Bisphenol A (BPA) is a synthetic chemical widely employed to synthesize epoxy resins, polymer materials, and polycarbonate plastics. BPA is abundant in the environment, i.e., in food containers, water bottles, thermal papers, toys, medical devices, etc., and is incorporated into soil/water through leaching. Being a potent endocrine disrupter, and has the potential to alter several body mechanisms. Studies confirmed its anti-androgen action and estrogen-like effects, which impart many negative health impacts, especially on the immune system, neuroendocrine process, and reproductive mechanism. Moreover, it can also induce mutagenesis and carcinogenesis, as per recent scientific research. This review focuses on BPA’s presence and concentrations in different environments, food sources and the basic mechanisms of BPA-induced toxicity and health disruptions. It is a unique review of its type because it focuses on the association of cancer, hormonal disruption, immunosuppression, and infertility with BPA. These issues are widespread today, and BPA significantly contributes to their incidence because of its wide usage in daily life utensils and other accessories. The review also discusses researched-based measures to cope with the toxic chemical.

/pdf/an-insight-into-bisphenol-a-food-exposure-and-its-adverse-g3e6o800.pdf

An insight into bisphenol A, food exposure and its adverse effects on health: A review

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) based luminescent and electrochemical sensors for food contaminant detection.

Magnetic porous cellulose surface-imprinted polymers synthetized with assistance of deep eutectic solvent for specific recognition and purification of bisphenols.

Engineering light-initiated afterglow lateral flow immunoassay for infectious disease diagnostics

Bisphenol A (BPA), one of the most abundantly produced endocrine disrupting chemicals, is widely used in everyday plastic products and thus must be monitored. Multimode sensing platforms are able to combine the advantages of different strategies while solving the issues of inaccurate test results of single signal sensing. However, the exploration in this field is limited due to the compromise of sensing conditions and inevitable mutual interferences of different systems. Herein, we constructed a two-dimensional photonic crystal dually cross-linked supramolecular hydrogel (2DPCDCSH) by utilizing a host-guest pair of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and tert-butyl (t-Bu) as the second cross-linking for colorimetric and fluorescent dual-mode sensing of BPA. Based on the fact that BPA can act as a competitive guest to break the host-guest interaction between β-CD and t-Bu, the cross-linking density decreased and an expansion-induced structural color change occurred. Sensitive and selective BPA detection can be easily achieved by measuring the Debye diffraction ring diameter or observing the color change of 2DPC with a detection limit of 1 μg mL-1. Moreover, the formation of the β-CD/BPA complex gave a significant enhancement of the intrinsic fluorescence of BPA, obtaining a detection limit of 0.001 μg mL-1. The two sensing systems can share the same reaction condition and yield a wider dynamic response range than the single signal strategy. Overall, the proposed method presented an efficient, rapid, cost-effective, and regenerative dual-mode method for BPA analysis and shed new insights for the design of diversified sensing platforms.

Competition-Based Two-Dimensional Photonic Crystal Dually Cross-Linked Supramolecular Hydrogel for Colorimetric and Fluorescent Dual-Mode Sensing of Bisphenol A.

Metal-organic framework mixed-matrix membrane-based extraction combined HPLC for determination of bisphenol A in milk and milk packaging.

Visual-afterglow dual-mode immunochromatographic strip for 17β-estradiol detection in milk.

NIR persistent luminescence nanoparticles based turn-on aptasensor for autofluorescence-free determination of 17β-estradiol in milk.

The cytokinin 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) is widely used to regulate the growth of horticultural crops. However, it is not clear how postharvest treatment with 6-BA at various concentrations affects the quality of Chinese flowering cabbage. In this study, harvested Chinese flowering cabbage was foliar sprayed with 6-BA solution at concentrations of 5, 10, 20, 40, and 80 mg·L−1. All 6-BA treatments protected the quality of Chinese flowering cabbage during storage, and the treatment with 20 and 40 mg·L−1 6-BA showed the most obvious effect. Treatment with 6-BA reduced leaf yellowing degree and weight loss rate; maintained high chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b contents; suppressed the declines in ascorbic acid and soluble protein; enhanced antioxidant capacity; and reduced oxidative damage in cabbage leaves. Furthermore, 6-BA treatment upregulated the expression of antioxidant genes and the activities of SOD, POD, and CAT, while inhibiting the expression of senescence-related gene (BrSAG12) and chlorophyll catabolic genes (BrPAO, BrPPH, BrSGR1, BrNYC1, BrRCCR). These results suggest that postharvest 6-BA treatment enhances antioxidant capacity, delays leaf senescence, and inhibits chlorophyll degradation, thereby maintaining the quality of Chinese flowering cabbage during storage. The findings of this study provide a candidate method for preserving Chinese flowering cabbage after harvest.

/pdf/6-benzyladenine-treatment-maintains-storage-quality-of-3rhsvbzo.pdf

6-Benzyladenine Treatment Maintains Storage Quality of Chinese Flowering Cabbage by Inhibiting Chlorophyll Degradation and Enhancing Antioxidant Capacity

ABSTRACT Aromatic amino acids (AAA), including phenylalanine (Phe), tyrosine (Tyr), and tryptophan (Trp), are essential building blocks of proteins, however, they have been implicated in multiple amino acid metabolism diseases, such as phenylketonuria, tyrosinemia, and glutaric acidemia type I. Dietary therapy is indispensable for patients with AAA metabolism disorder. This review briefly describes the pathogenesis and nutritional treatment guidelines of several AAA metabolic diseases. The techniques of protein hydrolysis and AAA removal from raw protein materials are very important in the development of special medical foods (SMFs) for above diseases. Therefore, existing protein hydrolysis techniques including enzymatic and microbial hydrolysis are reviewed, and the widely applied AAA removing methods including ultrafiltration and adsorption by active carbon and resin are also discussed. In addition, the application of several promising materials to remove AAA with better selectivity, such as molecular imprinting polymer, cyclodextrin, TiO2 and carbohydrate-based reverse micelle are prospected. This review may promote the development of SMFs for AAA metabolic diseases, and provide potential directions for processing technology improvement.

Foods for Aromatic Amino Acid Metabolism Disorder: A Review of Current Status, Challenges and Opportunities

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