Since passage of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act by the U.S. Congress in February 2009, U.S. high-speed rail development has become a very possibility. The Bill included $8 billion for high-speed and intercity passenger rail projects, prompting states to secure their share of the funds. This article discusses the planning and financing by states for development of high-speed rail, which is primarily contingent on compliance with a firm set of policies aimed at protecting the current freight-rail infrastructure which is operated by Class I host railroads. A majority of proposals on the table call for upgrading existing track to accommodate passenger trains at speeds between 79 and 110 mph.

Barriers to Entry

This paper investigates the relationship between competition and investment in the wireless industry from a dynamic perspective. Using firm level data and instrumental variable estimation strategy, it finds that the relationship is inverted-U shaped. The investment maximising intensity of competition is reached when operators' gross profits represent 37 or 40 per cent of their revenues, depending on whether capital expenditures are normalised by the number of subscribers. This finding means that investment increases with competition as long as operators' profits are above the thresholds of 37 or 40 per cent of their revenues. Under these thresholds, there is a tradeoff between competition and investment. The paper also finds a significant long run effect of competition on investment which amplifies the short run effect by a factor of 3–4.

What level of competition intensity maximises investment in the wireless industry

The fifth generation (5G) of communication systems is more than a generational step. It represents a fundamental transformation of the role that wireless technology plays in society. Although 5G is in process of standardization, the 5G standards are expected to be in focus of Regulation Agencies, mainly through socio-economic analysis. In emerging markets, socio-economic dimensions of wireless connectivity must be considered carefully since data will be basic asset in digital age. In this paper, we outline arising issues for different stakeholders to achieve customer centric approach that helps reshaping current model to novel architecture that support collaboration and openness. Also, we give some guidelines for digital transformation strategy in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Embracing the 5G Era with Appropriate Regulation Framework

The Future Evolution of the Central Office Switching Industry

With the continuous progress of modern society, human rights are becoming more and more perfect, especially the medical system, because of the inevitability of development, at this stage has achieved a lot of proud results, but this can not meet the modern people’s pursuit of health. Because the use of resources in the industrial society has led to the emergence of many viruses that have not been seen many, so now more and more kinds of drugs, we are considering more and more things, one of which is about adverse reactions to drugs. Therefore, this paper is based on this data mining algorithm to monitor adverse drug reactions early warning method. Based on the security of the user’s personal privacy data, this paper proceeds to monitor the drug reaction in real time as the way, adopts the data mining algorithm as the main intelligent means used, compares it by consulting the domestic and foreign literature, and experiments with sandbox simulation as a modeling method, and finally results in the experimental results. The results show that if we can monitor drug reactions in real time, we can monitor adverse reactions early.

The Early Warning Method of Drug Adverse Reaction Monitoring Based on Data Mining Algorithm Was Studied

The telecommunications industry has been undergoing tremendous technological changes, and owning to continuous technological advancement, it has maintained sustained prosperity and development. In this paper, the interplay between technology, market and government in telecommunications is discussed briefly, and then we introduce technology and government into the traditional SCP (Structure — Conduct — Performance) paradigm to develop an industry analysis framework called TG-M(SCP) (Technology — Government — Market (Structure — Conduct — Performance)). Based on this framework, we present the spiral co-evolution model which elaborates on the interaction mechanism of technological innovation with government regulation and market dynamics from the perspective of industry evolution. Our study indicates that the development of the telecommunications industry is the result of the coevolution of technology, government regulation and market forces, and among the three actors, technology is the fundamental driving force. Relative to the "invisible hand" (market) and "visible hand" (government), we conceptualize technology as the "third hand", which fundamentally drives the development of telecommunications industry in coordination with the other two hands. We also provide several policy implications regarding these findings.

/pdf/the-coevolutionary-relationship-of-technology-market-and-2b4mchdi6f.pdf

The coevolutionary relationship of technology, market and government regulation in telecommunications

Research on Default Risk of Peer-To-Peer Online Lending Based on Data Mining Algorithm

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The coevolutionary relationship of technology, market and government regulation in telecommunications

Research on Default Risk of Peer-To-Peer Online Lending Based on Data Mining Algorithm