The reduction of NOx emissions has become one of the most important subjects in environmental protection. Cu-containing SSZ-13 is currently the state-of-the-art catalyst for the selective catalytic reduction of NOx with ammonia (NH3-SCR-DeNOx). Although the current-generation catalysts reveal enhanced activity and remarkable hydrothermal stability, still open challenges appear. Thus, this review focuses on the progress of Cu-containing SSZ-13 regarding preparation methods, hydrothermal resistance and poisoning as well as reaction mechanisms in NH3-SCR-DeNOx. Remarkably, the paper reviews also the progress of Cu-containing SSZ-13 in the selective ammonia oxidation into nitrogen and water vapor (NH3-SCO). The dynamics in the NH3-SCR-DeNOx and NH3-SCO fields make this review timely.

/pdf/review-of-the-application-of-cu-containing-ssz-13-in-nh3-scr-7tsi0nm1.pdf

Review of the application of Cu-containing SSZ-13 in NH3-SCR-DeNOx and NH3-SCO

Mechanistic insights into the cobalt promotion on low-temperature NH3-SCR reactivity of Cu/SSZ-13

Based on the analysis of energy structure and the development trends of advanced nuclear energy technology, combining the complementary advantages of nuclear energy and other energy sources in China, the Fluoride-Salt-cooled high-Temperature Advanced Reactor (FuSTAR) system has been proposed. FuSTAR system is designed to address production capacity issues in areas with energy shortages or resource concentration and can be combined with high-temperature process heat to achieve high-value-added processes such as hydrogen production. In this paper, the Tri-structural isotropic fuel combined with helical cruciform elements has been studied in detail on the neutron physics and thermal-hydraulic properties, and the flow and heat transfer experiment is carried out for the first time. The multilayer nonlinear programming method has been applied to the design of thermal transport systems. Then the optimal parameters and configuration of the thermoelectric conversion system are obtained by the superstructure optimization method. The inherent safety of FuSTAR is demonstrated through deterministic safety analysis. In addition, the iodine-sulfur cycle technology and the characteristics of tritium production are also analyzed. This study highlights the significant potential of integrating nuclear energy with other energy sources in an optimized energy-production system. 

Fluoride-salt-cooled high-temperature advanced reactor (FuSTAR): An integrated nuclear-based energy production and conversion system

In this study, Cu-SSZ-13 catalyst was prepared via ion exchange method and then treated with 1000 ppm or 2000 ppm propene (C 3 H 6 ) poisoning for 20 h. The influence of coke deposition by C 3 H 6 poisoning on Cu-SSZ-13 catalyst for selective catalytic reduction of NO x with NH 3 was investigated with standard NH 3 -SCR conditions based upon the simulated gas experimental platform. The results showed that NO x reduction activity was slightly affected after 1000 ppm C 3 H 6 poisoning while the NO x conversion was remarkably lower than that of fresh catalyst below 400 °C after 2000 ppm C 3 H 6 poisoning. However, the NO x reduction activity was recovered and even mildly higher than the original level beyond 400 °C. The existence of coke deposition was confirmed by TG-DTA analysis. 2000 ppm C 3 H 6 poisoned catalyst had more coke deposition than 1000 ppm C 3 H 6 poisoned catalyst. XRD and BET results showed that the surface area of the catalyst was decreased by blocking the pore channels, especially for 2000 ppm C 3 H 6 poisoned catalyst, but the structure of the catalyst was not collapsed after C 3 H 6 poisoning. XPS and NH 3 -TPD results illustrated that Cu 2+ , CuO, Lewis and Brønsted acid sites were more susceptible to be affected under 2000 ppm C 3 H 6 poisoning. NH 3 oxidation activity was weakened slightly on poisoned catalysts above 400 °C in NH 3 -TPO. From the In-situ DRIFTs results, the basic mechanism of inhibition by C 3 H 6 poisoning on Cu-SSZ-13 catalysts was attributed to less available NH 3 used in SCR reaction. • NO x conversion was significantly inhibited by 2000 ppm propene poisoning. • Coke deposition was very critical for the inhibition. • Cu 2+ , CuO, Lewis and Brønsted acid sites were disturbed after propene poisoning. • The mechanism of inhibition was attributed to less available NH 3 stored on catalysts. 

Influence of coke deposition by propene poisoning on Cu-SSZ-13 catalyst for selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH3

An effective strategy to enhance the sulfur resistance of Ce-based catalyst for low temperature SCR reaction

Superstructure design and optimization on closed Brayton cycle system of fluoride-salt-cooled high-temperature advanced reactor

Changes of the C3H6-Poisoning Effect over a Cu-SSZ-13 NH3–SCR Catalyst upon Hydrothermal Treatment at Different Temperatures

Boosting the Low-Temperature Activity of Cu-Ssz-13 for Nh3-Scr By Mixing Mncetiox: The Effect of Nitrates on Cu Redox Cycle

Considering the environmental conditions and transportation conditions of remote areas, an inherently safe integrated energy conversion system featuring miniaturization, modularization, and high environmental adaptability is needed. The small fluoride salt-cooled high-temperature reactor (FHR) coupled with the Brayton cycle is a promising design. In this paper, the efficiency, exergy efficiency, and exergy loss of four different configurations of the supercritical carbon dioxide (S-CO2) Brayton cycle coupled with a new small fluoride salt-cooled high-temperature reactor are compared. The S-CO2 recompressor Brayton cycle has the best overall performance. Meanwhile, the effects of the cooling conditions on the thermal efficiency and exergy efficiency of different cycle configurations are discussed. When the core outlet temperature is 700°C, the efficiency of the designed S-CO2 recompressor Brayton cycle is approximately 42–44% when the cycle minimum temperature is 20–40°C. In conclusion, the designed small FHR coupled with the Brayton cycle system offers interesting performances in power generation, mineral mining, industrial steam supply, molten salt energy storage, and high-temperature hydrogen production in remote areas.

/pdf/analysis-of-the-brayton-cycle-coupled-with-a-small-fluoride-1yu0fb39.pdf

Analysis of the Brayton cycle coupled with a small fluoride salt-cooled high-temperature reactor

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Papers

Superstructure design and optimization on closed Brayton cycle system of fluoride-salt-cooled high-temperature advanced reactor

Changes of the C3H6-Poisoning Effect over a Cu-SSZ-13 NH3–SCR Catalyst upon Hydrothermal Treatment at Different Temperatures

Boosting the Low-Temperature Activity of Cu-Ssz-13 for Nh3-Scr By Mixing Mncetiox: The Effect of Nitrates on Cu Redox Cycle

Analysis of the Brayton cycle coupled with a small fluoride salt-cooled high-temperature reactor