Friction Stir Welding is a relatively new technique for welding that uses a cylindrical pin or nib inserted along the weld seam. The nib (usually threaded) and the shoulder in which it is mounted are rapidly rotated and advanced along the seam. Extreme deformation takes place leaving a fine equiaxed structure in the weld region., The flow of metal during Friction Stir Welding is investigated using a faying surface tracer and a nib frozen in place during welding. It is shown that material is transported by two processes. The first is a wiping of material from the advancing front side of the nib onto a zone of material that rotates and advances with the nib. The material undergoes a helical motion within the rotational zone that both rotates and advances and descends in the wash of the threads on the nib and rises on the outer part of the rotational zone. After one or more rotations, this material is sloughed off in its wake of the nib, primarily on the advancing side. The second process is an entrainment of material from the front retreating side of the nib that fills in between the sloughed off pieces from the advancing side.

/pdf/flow-patterns-during-friction-stir-welding-14a195o5g7.pdf

Flow Patterns During Friction Stir Welding

/pdf/design-for-manufacturing-for-friction-stir-welding-1g4zvixp64.pdf

Design for manufacturing for friction stir welding

Aluminum alloys are widely used on aircraft structures especially on the fuselage and wing fairings. During the joining of these structures, the traditional technique riveting is used. But riveting increases the structural weight of the aircraft and rivet holes form stress concentration for the fatigue cracks. An alternative joining technique is welding. In traditional welding techniques metal is heated till the melting point for this reason the mechanical behavior of the material deteriorates. And also the weldability of high strength materials is low. In recent years Friction Stir Welding (FSW) has been used as an alternative joining technique. In this study Aluminum 6013 sheet joined by using FSW technique. Fatigue specimens were machined from the welded plate in the dimension of A0 = 12.5 mm, l0 = 200 mm and fatigue tests were performed. Vickers microhardness values were taken at 1 mm increments from base metal to base metal across the weld, on the weld cross-sections. The intermetallic particles and the grain structure of the welded sheet were examined via optical and scanning electron microscopy.

/pdf/the-effect-of-post-heat-treatment-on-the-fatigue-behavior-of-20e16myojn.pdf

The effect of post heat treatment on the fatigue behavior of riction stir welded aluminum 6013 alloy for use in aerospace structures

A study of friction stir welding on 6061-T6 aluminum alloy

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A study of friction stir welding on 6061-T6 aluminum alloy