다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

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Using Multivariate Statistics

Grey Wolf Optimizer

[신간의 별자리x] 우리/미술, 그리고 ‘슬픔의 박물관’

The Whale Optimization Algorithm

Crack propagation in concrete structures is a very complicated process, and the distribution of cracks may significantly affect the behaviour of the structures under time-dependent loading. If enough damage or extensive cracks exist in a structure, strengthening or repair using external carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) reinforcement may be needed. Therefore, an understanding of the influence of the CFRP strengthening system on behaviour is crucial for the proper design of a structural reinforcement strategy. In this paper, we compare three major methods: the discrete crack method, the smeared crack method and the element-free method. By using these methods to study the fracture pattern of a beam with dapped ends, we can compare the capabilities and efficiencies of the three methods. When modelling the crack formation in reinforced concrete structures, the smeared crack approach gives better results than the discrete model in terms of crack spacing and regularity, however, it does not follow the crack growth well. The element-free Galerkin method seems to be superior to the other methods in the sense that it deals with the irregular cracks well and is very efficient in saving computing time. The preferred choice of method depends on the type of problem and the solution accuracy required, and this also depends on a certain balance between the accurate tracing of individual cracks and the computing efficiency. In addition, new algorithms are required for the efficient simulations of dynamic crack propagation, especially in the case of pre-cracked structures strengthened with prestressed CFRPs. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Modelling crack propagation in structures: Comparison of numerical methods

A multispecies artificial ecosystem is formulated using cellular automata with species interactions and food chain hierarchy. The constructed finite state automaton can simulate the complexity and self-organized characteristics of the evolving multispecies living ecosystems. Simulations show that a small perturbation or extinction event may affect many other species in the ecosystem in an avalanche manner. Both the avalanches and the extinction arising from these changes follow a power law, reflecting that the multispecies living ecosytems have the characteristics of self-organized criticality.

Characterization of multispecies living ecosystems with cellular automata

By analyzing the similarity of a self-organizing system and an optimization process, we highlight that optimization can be considered as self-organization. We analyze the characteristics of some popular met heuristic algorithms such as firefly algorithm and cuckoo search for applications in self-organizing systems.

Metaheuristic Algorithms for Self-Organizing Systems: A Tutorial

By using a high-precision LaCoste-Romberg (D-122#) gravimeter, continuous and precise measurements were carried out during the March 9, 1997 total solar eclipse in the Mohe region in Northeast China. The gravity variations were digitally recorded during the total solar eclipse so as to investigate the possible anomaly of the sun and the moon’s gravitational fields on the earth. After the careful processing and analysis of the observed data, no significant anomaly during the very solar eclipse has been found. However, there are two ‘gravity anomaly valleys’ with near symmetrical decrease of about 6–7 µGal at the first contact and the last contact. This is the anomaly phenomenon observed and reported for the first time in the literature. This note presents some analyses and discussions.

Gravity anomaly during the Mohe total solar eclipse

Four schemes for binary solutions are proposed in this work to solve the resource allocation problem in an OFDMA system. The binary solution is sought at the early stage before applying the Genetic Algorithm to solve the real-valued problem. Each scheme performed differently in terms of Energy Efficient (EE) values obtained and the required computational cost. Out of four schemes (maxJ, maxP, minP and CP), the best scheme found in this study is CP as this scheme obtained the highest average EE with moderate computational cost.

Resource allocation schemes in Energy Efficient OFDMA system via Genetic Algorithm

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