Application of functionalized chitosan in food: A review.

Abstract The diverse structures and unique properties of hydrogels have attracted significant attentions in recent years. Compared to chemically cross-linked hydrogels, natural polymer-based hydrogels cross-linked with physical interactions are environmentally friendly owning to the free of chemical cross-linking agents and exhibit many advantages as diverse reversible non-covalent bonds. This review aims to summarize instructive strategies for designing physical hydrogels based on non-covalent bonds derived from unique functional groups of natural polymers to develop various unique properties and extend the application of corresponding hydrogels. Firstly, strategies to construct the natural polymer-based physically crosslinked hydrogels (NPPCHs) with internal and external stimulating cross-linking characteristics will be introduced. Internal effects included hydrogen bonding, ionic cross-linking, electrostatic interaction, hydrophobic association, and host-guest interaction, and external causes can be temperature, light, pH, or other conditions. Secondly, the unique advantages of processing technologies of NPPCHs including injection, 3D printing, spraying, and molding will be summarized. Thirdly, excellent performances of NPPCHs derived from unique dynamic non-covalent bond structures, such as self-healing, conductivity-promoting, and stimulus-response will be introduced. This review provides guidance to develop the NPPCHs with fascinating structures, excellent properties, and outstanding performances, which will play an important role in promoting the development of physically cross-linked hydrogels.

Constructions and Properties of Physically Cross-Linked Hydrogels Based on Natural Polymers

Hydrogel is being broadly studied due to their tremendous properties, such as swelling behavior and biocompatibility. Numerous review articles have discussed hydrogel polymer types, hydrogel synthesis methods, hydrogel properties, and hydrogel applications. Hydrogel can be synthesized by physical and chemical cross-linking methods. One type of the physical cross-linking method is freeze-thaw (F–T), which works based on the crystallization process of the precursor solution to form a physical cross-link. To date, there has been no review paper which discusses the F–T technique specifically and comprehensively. Most of the previous review articles that exposed the hydrogel synthesis method usually mentioned the F–T process as a small part of the physical cross-linking method. This review attempts to discuss the F–T hydrogel specifically and comprehensively. In more detail, this review covers the basic principles of hydrogel formation in an F–T way, the parameters that influence hydrogel formation, the properties of the hydrogel, and its application in the biomedical field.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2053-1591/acb98e/pdf

Freeze–thaw hydrogel fabrication method: basic principles, synthesis parameters, properties, and biomedical applications

Hydrogels are three-dimensional networks of polymer chains containing large amounts of water in their structure. Hydrogels have received significant attention in biomedical applications owing to their attractive physicochemical properties, including flexibility, softness, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. Different natural and synthetic polymers have been intensely explored in developing hydrogels for the desired applications. Biopolymers-based hydrogels have advantages over synthetic polymers regarding improved cellular activity and weak immune response. These properties can be further improved by grafting with other polymers or adding nanomaterials, and they structurally mimic the living tissue environments, which opens their broad applicability. The hydrogels can be physically or chemically cross-linked depending on the structure. The use of different biopolymers-based hydrogels in biomedical applications has been reviewed and discussed earlier. However, no report is still available to comprehensively introduce the synthesis, advantages, disadvantages, and biomedical applications of biopolymers-based hydrogels from the material point of view. Herein, we systematically overview different synthesis methods of hydrogels and provide a holistic approach to biopolymers-based hydrogels for biomedical applications, especially in bone regeneration, wound healing, drug delivery, bioimaging, and therapy. The current challenges and prospects of biopolymers-based hydrogels are highlighted rationally, giving an insight into the progress of these hydrogels and their practical applications. 

Recent advances in biopolymer-based hydrogels and their potential biomedical applications

Nanofibers have become significant in almost many industries due to their extraordinary engineering properties, particularly in the packaging, purification, textile, pharmaceutical, and biomedical sectors. Nano-scale fibres, also known as nanofibers, are manufactured from a variety of polymers, depending on their intended function. Most of these nanofibers were discovered to be biodegradable and biocompatible, and have the capacity to construct a highly porous structure with superior properties, making them suitable for wide array of applications, including packaging, drug delivery, medical implants such as organ and tissue grafts, wound repair, and dressing materials in the pharmaceutical industry, and as a filter or adsorbent in water treatment. It is the primary objective of this research to provide a comprehensive knowledge of nanofiber synthesis techniques, morphological, thermal, and mechanical characterizations of nanofibers, as well as their applications in industries and disciplines. This study as well includes a short glimpse of recent works on cellulose nanofibers and the current advancements of nanofibers for antimicrobial applications. 

A review on fabrication methods of nanofibers and a special focus on application of cellulose nanofibers

Freeze-thaw and solvent-exchange strategy to generate physically cross-linked organogels and hydrogels of curdlan with tunable mechanical properties.

Preparation of chitosan-cellulose-benzyl isothiocyanate nanocomposite film for food packaging applications.

Amino carboxymethyl chitosan//dialdehyde starch/polyvinyl alcohol double-layer film loaded with ε-polylysine.

This work overcomes the long-standing challenge of cumbersome pretreatment methods in the detection of heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs). A UiO-66/nanocellulose composite aerogel (CMC-CNC-UiO-66) with layered pores and low density prepared by a self-cross-linking method is applied as a simple and rapid adsorbent for capturing 14 HAAs via strong electrostatic interactions, van der Waals force, and the steric effect. The adsorption capacity of CMC-CNC-UiO-66 to 14 HAAs reached 98.00-188.00 nmol/mg at equilibrium within 10 min. The adsorption and desorption abilities of CMC-CNC-UiO-66 were retained with values of 93.36 and 97.34% after two cycles. In the meantime, the kinetics study demonstrated the chemisorption between HAA molecules and CMC-CNC-UiO-66 due to the excellent agreement with the pseudo-second-order adsorption models. The fit with the Freundlich isotherm models suggested a multilayer adsorption mechanism between HAA molecules and materials with heterogeneous surfaces. Moreover, coupled with the ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry detection, the CMC-CNC-UiO-66 extraction process can be completed with a high average recovery ranging from 86.68 to 115.33%, indicating a potential application of CMC-CNC-UiO-66 in HAA adsorption for further quantitative analysis.

Hierarchical Porous Nanocellulose Aerogels Loaded with Metal-Organic Framework Particles for the Adsorption Application of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines.

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

Xiaoxia Chen

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Freeze-thaw and solvent-exchange strategy to generate physically cross-linked organogels and hydrogels of curdlan with tunable mechanical properties.

Preparation of chitosan-cellulose-benzyl isothiocyanate nanocomposite film for food packaging applications.

Amino carboxymethyl chitosan//dialdehyde starch/polyvinyl alcohol double-layer film loaded with ε-polylysine.

Hierarchical Porous Nanocellulose Aerogels Loaded with Metal-Organic Framework Particles for the Adsorption Application of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines.