Recent decades have seen a dramatic rise in the prevalence of obesity. While genetic factors can influence obesity, environmental factors and lifestyle may play important roles as well. Sleep can be regarded as one of these factors. This study aimed to examine sleep duration, as a potential risk factor for obesity in an Iranian population. In this cross-sectional study, the Fasa PERSIAN cohort study data was used and 10,136 subjects aged 35-70 were entered. Anthropometrics indices have been measured and the total body fat percentage (BFP) was obtained by Bio-Impedance Analysis. Also, physical activity and dietary intake have been recorded. Sleep duration was obtained and individuals categorized into two groups of "< 8" and "≥ 8" h of sleep. The mean age and sleep duration of the participants were 48.63 ± 9.57 years and 6.92 ± 1.62 h in the total population, respectively. All of the anthropometric indices were significantly higher in the "< 8 h of sleep" group than in the "≥ 8 h of sleep" group. Regarding BFP and fat mass index (FMI) the same results was seen (p-value < 0.05). Body mass index (BMI), Waist and hip circumferences (WC, HC), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were in a significant negative association with night time sleep (p-value < 0.001), while these associations with daytime napping were positive (p-value < 0.001). After multi-variable adjusting, BMI, WC, HC, WHtR, and wrist circumference showed significant negative associations with 24-h sleep duration (p-value < 0.05). This study established the association between nocturnal, daytime napping, 24-h sleep duration and obesity parameters. Daytime napping was positively associated with obesity parameters and short 24-h sleep duration was associated with higher risk of overweight/obesity. These results indicate that insufficient sleep can be a screening indicator for an unhealthy lifestyle and poor health outcomes.

/pdf/sleep-duration-and-anthropometric-indices-in-an-iranian-69hva9xbmv.pdf

Sleep duration and anthropometric indices in an Iranian population: the Fasa PERSIAN cohort study.

Abstract Daytime napping, a habit widely adopted globally, has an unclear association with obesity. In this study, we executed a meta-analysis to explore the relationship between daytime napping and obesity. We conducted a comprehensive search of the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases for pertinent articles published up to April 2023. Random-effects models were utilized to calculate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and we assessed the heterogeneity of the included studies using the I 2 statistic. To explore potential sources of heterogeneity, subgroup analyses were performed. The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS), and funnel plots were employed to detect any publication bias. Sensitivity analyses were conducted by sequentially omitting each study. We conducted a meta-analysis of twelve studies that included one each from the UK and Spain, five from the USA, and five from China, totalling 170,134 participants, to probe the association between napping and obesity. The pooled analysis suggested a higher risk of obesity in individuals who nap (OR: 1.22 [1.10–1.35], p &lt; 0.001, I 2 = 87%) compared to non-nappers. The meta-analysis results revealed variations in the summary ORs for studies conducted in China, Spain, the USA, and the UK. The ORs for China, Spain, the USA, and the UK were 1.05 (95% CI 0.90–1.23), 9.36 (95% CI 4.74–18.45), 1.27 (95% CI 1.10–1.47), and 1.39 (95% CI 1.32–1.47), respectively. A subgroup analysis based on age within the American population disclosed that napping in both adults and children heightened obesity incidence. A subgroup analysis based on nap duration found a significant rise in obesity occurrence when nap duration exceeded one hour, but no clear relationship emerged when nap duration was less than 1 h. In a subgroup analysis based on the definition of obesity, napping did not demonstrate a significant relationship with obesity when diagnostic criteria set obesity at a BMI of 25 or above. However, when the criteria were set at a BMI of 28 or 30 or more, napping significantly increased obesity risk. Our meta-analysis indicates a positive association between daytime napping and the risk of obesity. However, given the limited number of included studies, potential confounding factors might not have been fully addressed. Future well-designed prospective studies are required to further investigate this relationship. Large-scale studies are necessary to confirm our findings and elucidate the underlying mechanisms that drive these associations and causation. 

The relationship between daytime napping and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Purpose The study aims to examine whether and how digital activities influence sleep issues among working Chinese youth. Methods This study used data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) a Chinese population-based survey, and employed the multilevel ordinal logistic regression model (MOLRM) to test the associations between digital engagement (whether to engage in digital activity, frequency, and duration) and sleep issues (bedtime, sleep duration, and quality) among Chinese working youth. Additionally, the restricted cubic spline model (RCSM) was adopted to fit the MOLRM to evaluate the nonlinear relationship between digital activity duration and sleep quality, and thus determine the optimal range of digital activity duration. Results The analysis included 7849 working young adults. The digital usage rate was 84.11%. Digital use was not significantly associated with average, workday, or free-day sleep duration, after controlling for all potential confounders. However, most digital activity indicators could significantly predict bedtime and sleep quality. Furthermore, the RCSM indicated a non-linear relationship pattern between digital activity duration and sleep quality, with a weekly peak point of 25 h. Age significantly moderated the relationship between digital activity, sleep duration and bedtime. Younger youth who used digital media more frequently and for a longer time tended to sleep later and had shorter sleep duration than older youth. Conclusion Digital usage significantly predicted later bedtime among Chinese working youth; however, it was not linked with sleep duration on workdays or free days. In parallel, a nonlinear correlation between digital activity duration and sleep quality indicated that appropriate digital activity duration (less than 25 h weekly) may contribute to good sleep quality.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8932931

The Relationship Between Digital Activity and Bedtime, Sleep Duration, and Sleep Quality in Chinese Working Youth

Advances in research have linked alterations of circadian rhythms with obesity. However, few studies have focused on the recovery of the circadian expression after a weight loss treatment. Our aim ...

Sleeve gastrectomy in patients with severe obesity restores circadian rhythms and their relationship with sleep pattern.

A Research Thesis Submitted in Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Award of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Exercise and Sport Science, School of Public Health and Applied Human Sciences, Kenyatta University.

Effect of Exercise and Magnesium on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in Hypertensive Adults in Nairobi and Kiambu Counties, Kenya

OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of hyperuricemia among natural gas drilling workers in Northwest Sichuan gas field. METHODS A census of 1051 natural gas drilling workers in Northwest Sichuan gas field at an average altitude of 2552 meters was conducted in the survey, the serum uric acid, fasting blood glucose, blood lipid, creatinine and hemoglobin were detected. A staff canteen was randomly selected and the method of weighing and 24-hour dietary review were used for dietary survey. The blood biochemical level and dietary intake of subjects with different blood uric acid levels were compared, and the influencing factors of hyperuricemia were analyzed by Logistic regression model. RESULTS (1)There were 513 hyperuricemia patients in natural gas drilling workers, with a detection rate of 48. 8%. (2)The levels of fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, creatinine and hemoglobin in the hyperuricemia group were higher than those in the normouricemia group. The risk of hyperuricemia in patients with diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, elevated serum creatinine and hemoglobin were 3. 57(95%CI 2. 45-4. 67), 2. 88(95%CI 1. 99-4. 16), 1. 93(95%CI 1. 30-2. 86), 1. 61(95%CI 1. 01-2. 51)and 2. 54(95%CI 2. 11-3. 36)times of normal fasting blood glucose, blood lipid, serum creatinine and hemoglobin, respectively(P<0. 05). (3)The intakes of meat, oil and salt in the hyperuricemia group were higher than those in the normouricemia group, while the intakes of vegetables, milk products and vitamin B were lower than those in the normouricemia group(P<0. 05). Intake of vegetable is a protective factor for hyperuricemia(0. 82(95%CI 0. 65-0. 93)), and intakes of protein(1. 47(95%CI 1. 16-2. 28))and fat(2. 34(95%CI 2. 01-3. 22)) are the risk factors. CONCLUSION Drilling workers in Northwest Sichuan gas field have a high prevalence of hyperuricemia and are related to diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, elevated creatinine and hemoglobin, and too much protein, fat intake and too little vegetable intake.

Prevalence and influencing factors of hyperuricemia among natural gas drilling workers in Northwest Sichuan gas field in 2016

Objective To determine the association of eating frequency (EF) and gestational weight gain (GWG) with birth body mass of neonates. Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted on 578 healthy pregnant women from April to October 2015. Dietary intake and physical activity data per trimester were collected using a questionnaire. Data in relation to gestational body mass, gestational stage and birth body mass of neonates were obtained from clinical records. Multiple logistic regression models were established to test the impacts of EF and GWG on appropriate for gestational age (AGA). Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to determine the association between EF and birth body mass of neonates. Results A final sample of 503 eligible pregnant women (87.02%) was included in data analyses. Higher EF 〔odds ratio (OR)=2.03; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.18-3.47〕 and snacks (OR=1.84; 95%CI: 1.08-3.15) in the first trimester were associated with increased risk of excessive GWG, after controlling for maternal age, education, average household income, physicalactivity, numbers of pregnancy, numbers of delivery, and dietary intake (protein, fat, carbohydrate). A meal frequency greater (OR=2.83; 95%CI: 1.07-4.58) or less (OR=1.92; 95%CI: 1.08-3.61) than three in the first trimester was also associated with increased risk of large or small for gestational age. Meal frequency in the first trimester was positively correlated with birth body mass of neonates (β=236.17; P<0.01). Conclusion Frequent eating and snacks in the first trimester are associated with increased risks of excessive GWG. Meal frequency in the first trimester is also positively correlated with birth body mass of neonates: three meals per day is a protective factor of AGA.

[Eating Frequency and Gestational Weight Gain and Its Association with Birth Body Mass of Neonates: a Birth Cohort Study].

UNLABELLED: This study inquired into the effect of Mg2+ on nitric oxide (NO) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells. METHODS: The N02- / NO3- content was measured by copper-gilted cadmiun reduction. The detection of eNOS and iNOS expression was performed using immunohistochemistry techniques. This study consisted of 4 groups: normal control; H2O2; Mg2+; and H2O2 + Mg2+. RESULTS: The NO2- / NO3- content in the group of H2O2 was lower than that in the normal control group (P < 0.05). The NO2- / NO3- contents in the group of H2O2 + Mg2+ at different doses were much higher than that in the group of H2O2 (P < 0.05). When compared with the normal control group, the average Grey levels of iNOS and NF-kappaB P65 in the group of H2O2 were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), and those of eNOS in the group of H2O2 and group of Mg2+ at different doses were increased (P < 0.05). In the group of H2O2 + Mg2+, the average Grey levels of eNOS were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), but those of iNOS and NF-kappaB P65 were increased as compared to the group of H2O2 (P < 0.01). The average Grey levels of eNOS and iNOS in the group of H2O2+ Mg2+ at differnet doses were lower than those in the group of Mg2+, respectively. CONCLUSION: The antioxidant mechanisms of magnesium are probably involved in the regulation of cellular transcription factors and of NOS subtypes.

Effect of magnesium supplementation on NO and NOS subtypes in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial Cells

OBJECTIVE To examine whether nocturnal sleep duration and daytime napping are related to overweight/obesity among adults in Chengdu City. METHODS A total of 1276 adults( women 823, men 453) aged 20-70 years were selected by randomized cluster sampling in 2015. The sleep duration rounded up to the hour was determined according to the answer to the question, "How much time do you usually sleep per night?", the nap time of subjects were collected according to the answer by the question, "How many days do you have a nap in a week?". Height and weight were measured to calculate body massindex. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the odd ratio( OR) and 95%confidence interval( 95% CI) of overweight/obesity. RESULTS Approximately 66. 38% of subjects had daytime napping habit. After adjustment for potential confounders, OR( 95% CI) of overweight/obesity was 0. 69( 0. 54 - 0. 88) for nap takers compared with individuals without daytime napping habit. One nap increase in a week was associated with-0. 20, -0. 13 BMI in young adults and middle-aged adults. Very short nocturnal sleep duration( < 6 hours) and short nocturnal sleep duration( 6-6. 9 hours) was significantly associated with an increased risk of overweight/obesity among middle-aged adults OR = 2. 11( 95% CI 1. 20-3. 76), OR = 1. 93( 95% CI 1. 13-3. 34). CONCLUSION The frequency of daytime napping was negative associated with BMI among young and middle-aged adults. Short nocturnal sleep duration was associated with higher risk of overweight/obesity among middle-aged adults in Chengdu.

[Effect of nocturnal sleep duration and daytime napping on overweight/obesity among adults in Chengdu City].

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Prevalence and influencing factors of hyperuricemia among natural gas drilling workers in Northwest Sichuan gas field in 2016

[Eating Frequency and Gestational Weight Gain and Its Association with Birth Body Mass of Neonates: a Birth Cohort Study].

Effect of magnesium supplementation on NO and NOS subtypes in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial Cells

[Effect of nocturnal sleep duration and daytime napping on overweight/obesity among adults in Chengdu City].