The genetic architecture of pediatric cardiomyopathy

Abstract For energy storage technologies, secondary batteries have the merits of environmental friendliness, long cyclic life, high energy conversion efficiency and so on, which are considered to be hopeful large-scale energy storage technologies. Among them, rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been commercialized and occupied an important position as secondary batteries due to their high energy density and long cyclic life. Nevertheless, the uneven distribution of lithium resources and a large number of continuous consumptions result in a price increase for lithium. So, it is very crucial to seek and develop alternative batteries with abundant reserves and low cost. As one of the best substitutes for widely commercialized LIBs, sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) display gorgeous application prospects. However, further improvements in SIB performance are still needed in the aspects of energy/power densities, fast-charging capability and cyclic stability. Electrode materials locate at a central position of SIBs. In addition to electrode materials, electrolytes, conductive agents, binders and separators are imperative for practical SIBs. In this review, the latest progress and challenges of applications of SIBs are reviewed. Firstly, the anode and cathode materials for SIBs are symmetrically summarized from aspects of the design strategies and synthesis, electrochemical active sites, surrounding environments of active sites, reaction mechanisms and characterization methods. Secondly, the influences of electrolytes, conductive agents, binders and separators on the electrochemical performance are elucidated. Finally, the technical challenges are summarized, and the possible future research directions for overcoming the challenges are proposed for developing high performance SIBs for practical applications. Graphical abstract 

Recent Progress in Sodium-Ion Batteries: Advanced Materials, Reaction Mechanisms and Energy Applications

Object: Dysregulation of tRNA-derived small noncoding RNA (tsRNA) signatures in human serum has been found in various diseases. Here we determine whether the signatures of tsRNAs in serum can serve as biomarkers for diagnosis or prognosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods: Initially, small RNA sequencing was employed for the screening serum tsRNAs obtained from SLE patients, followed by validation with TaqMan probe-based quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) assay. Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (ROC) analysis was used to assess the diagnostic efficacy. The biological functions of tsRNAs were identified by GO and KEGG assay. Results: We first analyzed tsRNA signatures in SLE serum and identified that tRF-His-GTG-1 was significantly upregulated in SLE serum. The combination of tRF-His-GTG-1 and anti-dsDNA could serve as biomarkers for diagnosing SLE with a high AUC of 0.95 (95% CI=0.92-0.99), sensitivity (83.72%) and specificity (94.19%). Importantly, the non-invasive serum tRF-His-GTG-1 could also be used to distinguish SLE with LN or SLE without LN with AUC of 0.81 (95% CI, 0.73–0.88) and performance (sensitivity 66.27%, specificity 96.15%). Moreover, the serum tsRNA is mainly secreted via exosome and directly target signaling molecules that play crucial roles in regulating the immune system. Conclusion: In this study, it has been demonstrated for the first time that serum tsRNAs can be employed as non-invasive biomarkers for the efficient diagnosis and prediction of nephritis in SLE.

A Novel Serum tsRNA for Diagnosis and Prediction of Nephritis in SLE

This comprehensive review delves into the topic of engineering challenges and innovative solutions surrounding sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) in the field of sustainable energy storage. As the human population increasingly demands dependable energy storage systems (ESS) to Incorporate intermittent sources of renewable energy into the electrical grid, the limitations and concerns surrounding lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have catalyzed exploration into alternative technologies. SIBs emerge as promising contenders due to the abundance of sodium, low cost, and high safety, offering a viable option for various applications. While sharing operational principles with LIBs, SIBs present distinctive engineering challenges stemming from the larger size of sodium ions. This review meticulously examines the engineering aspects influencing the electrode of SIBs, flexible design of SIBs, thermal management strategies, cell design optimization, and cost analysis, providing valuable insights into their potential as sustainable energy storage solutions. By addressing engineering considerations underlying the development and optimization of SIB technology, the review also explores innovative approaches and emerging technologies aimed at overcoming these challenges, thereby facilitating the practical implementation of SIBs across diverse applications. Given the urgency of transitioning to more sustainable energy storage solutions to combat climate change and achieve Sustainable Development Goals, this comprehensive examination of engineering aspects of SIB technology adds significant insights. It underscores the pivotal role of engineering in advancing SIBs as sustainable energy storage solutions. 

Engineering aspects of sodium-ion battery: An alternative energy device for Lithium-ion batteries

Abstract Sodium‐ion batteries (NIBs) have recently garnered significant interest in being employed alongside conventional lithium‐ion batteries, particularly in applications where cost and sustainability are particularly relevant. The rapid progress in NIBs will undoubtedly expedite the commercialization process. In this regard, tailoring and designing electrolyte formulation is a top priority, as they profoundly influence the overall electrochemical performance and thermal, mechanical, and dimensional stability. Moreover, electrolytes play a critical role in determining the system's safety level and overall lifespan. This review delves into recent electrolyte advancements from liquid (organic and ionic liquid) to solid and quasi‐solid electrolyte (dry, hybrid, and single ion conducting electrolyte) for NIBs, encompassing comprehensive strategies for electrolyte design across various materials, systems and their functional applications. Our objective is to offer strategic direction for the systematic production of safe electrolytes and to investigate the potential applications of these designs in real‐world scenarios while thoroughly assessing the current obstacles and forthcoming prospects within this rapidly evolving field. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved 

Electrolytes for Sodium Ion Batteries: The Current Transition from Liquid to Solid and Hybrid systems

Aim: Fulminant myocarditis (FM) has neither validated biomarkers nor well-established therapy. Roles of tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) in FM remain unknown. Materials & methods: Small RNA sequencing was conducted in plasma from children with FM during acute and convalescent phase and matched healthy volunteers. Data were validated by quantitative real-time PCR in larger sample-sized groups and in vitro. Functional analysis was performed to explore the roles. Results: tiRNA-Gln-TTG-001 was overexpressed in children with FM during acute phase, and the generation and extracellular release of tiRNA-Gln-TTG-001 were higher after myocarditis-mimicked activity in vitro. Several pathways might participate in the pathogenesis of FM. Conclusion: tsRNAs may play an important role in FM, and tiRNA-Gln-TTG-001 might represent a novel and promising biomarker and therapeutic target.

Expression profiles and functional analysis of plasma tRNA-derived small RNAs in children with fulminant myocarditis.

Stable fast-charging sodium-ion batteries achieved by a carbomethoxy-modified disodium organic material

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a myocardial disease characterized by bilateral or left ventricular cardiac dilation and systolic dysfunction that can lead to heart failure and sudden cardiac death in children. Many studies have focused on genetic variation in DCM-related genes in adult populations; however, the mutational landscape in pediatric DCM patients remains undetermined, especially in the Chinese population. We applied next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology to genetically analyze 46 pediatric DCM patients to reveal genotype-phenotype correlations. Our results indicated DCM-associated pathogenic mutations in 10 genes related to the structure or function of the sarcomere, desmosome, and cytoskeleton. We also identified 6 pathogenic mutations (5 novel) in the Titin (TTN) gene that resulted in truncated TTN variants in 6 (13%) out of 46 patients. Correlations between TTN mutations and clinical outcomes were assessed. Our data indicate that one-third of pediatric DCM cases are caused by genetic mutations. The role of TTN variants should not be underestimated in pediatric DCM and age-dependent pathogenic penetrance of these mutations should be considered for familial DCM cases. We argue that genetic testing of DCM cases is valuable for predicting disease severity, prognosis, and recurrence risk, and for screening first-degree relatives.

Next-Generation Sequencing Reveals Novel Genetic Variants for Dilated Cardiomyopathy in Pediatric Chinese Patients.

Background Heart block is the most common and concerning complication associated with transcatheter device closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defect (pmVSD) and its occurrence remains a great challenge for device closure. Methods Between June 2002 and June 2020, 1076 pediatric patients with pmVSD, who successfully underwent transcatheter device closure in our center, were enrolled in this cohort study, with a median follow-up of 64 months (range: 1 to 19 years). Results Of 1076 patients, 234 (21.8%) developed postprocedural heart block, with right bundle branch block being the most common (74.8%), followed by left bundle branch block (16.2%), and atrioventricular block (5.6%). Complete atrioventricular block occurred in 5 cases, including 3 cases with permanent pacemaker implantation, 1 case with recovery to normal sinus rhythm, and 1 case with sudden cardiac death. Most patients (97.9%) developed heart block within 1 week of procedure. Finally, 138 cases returned to normal cardiac conduction. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that thin-waist occluders (odds ratio [OR]: 1.759; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.023 to 3.022; P = 0.041), and oversized devices (OR: 1.809; 95% CI: 1.322 to 2.476; P < 0.001) were independently associated with occurrence of postprocedural heart block. Moreover, heart block was less likely to occur when the left disk of occluder was placed within the aneurysmal tissue (OR: 0.568; 95% CI: 0.348 to 0.928; P = 0.024). Conclusion The outcome of postprocedural heart block is favorable in most cases. Oversized devices and thin-waist occluders should be avoided. Placement of the left disk of the device should into the aneurysmal tissue is highly recommended.

/pdf/predictors-and-long-term-outcomes-of-heart-block-after-28fay55a.pdf

Predictors and long-term outcomes of heart block after transcatheter device closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defect

Aim We sought to identify the clinical characteristics and risk factors for cardiac mortality in pediatric patients with primary dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in China. Methods A total of 138 pediatric patients who were consecutively diagnosed with primary DCM from January 2011 to December 2020 were included. We assessed patients’ clinical symptoms and performed laboratory examinations, electrocardiography, and echocardiography. Results Of these patients, 79 (57%) had severe systolic dysfunction (left ventricular ejection fraction of < 30%), 79 (57.2%) developed DCM before 12 months of age, 62 (45%) were male, 121 (87.7%) presented with advanced heart failure (cardiac functional class III/IV), and 54 (39.1%) presented with arrhythmia. At a median follow-up of 12 months, the overall cardiac mortality rate was 33%, and 40 of 46 deaths occurred within 6 months following DCM diagnosis. A multivariate Cox regression analysis identified several independent cardiac death predictors, including an age of 12 months to 5 years [hazard ratio (HR) 2.799; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.160–6.758; P = 0.022] or 10–15 years (HR 3.617; 95% CI 1.336–9.788; P = 0.011) at diagnosis, an elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) concentration (≥ 51.5 U/L) (HR 2.219; 95% CI 1.06–4.574; P = 0.031), and use of mechanical ventilation (HR 4.223; 95% CI 1.763–10.114; P = 0.001). Conclusion The mortality rate of primary DCM without transplantation is high. Age, an elevated serum ALT concentration, and the need for mechanical ventilation predict mortality in patients with primary DCM, providing new insights into DCM risk stratification.

Clinical Profile and Risk Factors for Cardiac Death in Pediatric Patients With Primary Dilated Cardiomyopathy at a Tertiary Medical Center in China

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

Xiaofei Yang

Author Tools

Chat about Author