Integrated GIS and multivariate statistical analysis for regional scale assessment of heavy metal soil contamination: A critical review.

Organic contamination and remediation in the agricultural soils of China : a critical review

An integrated approach to quantifying ecological and human health risks from different sources of soil heavy metals

Cadmium availability in rice paddy fields from a mining area: The effects of soil properties highlighting iron fractions and pH value

Sources identification and pollution evaluation of heavy metals in the surface sediments of Bortala River, Northwest China.

The Yellow River Delta, an active land-ocean interaction area, will develop into a large eco-economic region in East China during the coming decade It is necessary to assess the geochemical features of heavy metals in the soils The objectives of this research were to evaluate the concentrations and distribution of heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd) in soil profiles of the area and to identify their sources Horizon samples were collected based on pedogenic features from bottom to top in each profile to a depth of 120 cm and a total of 92 samples were collected The sampling sites were grouped into four lines from inland to coastal area with three land use types (cotton field, cereal field, and wetland) The concentrations of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd were measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry Iron oxide fractions in the soil were extracted by oxalate-oxalic acid and dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to determine the mineral composition of the soils Multivariate statistical analysis and historical data were employed to identify the possible sources of these heavy metals The mean concentrations of heavy metals were elevated along the Yellow River region and in the southern part of the delta; however, they were generally lower than the Chinese guideline values As for the depth distribution of heavy metals in soil profiles, the maximum values of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Cd in middle horizon of cotton field were almost twice than those in surface horizon The iron oxides and XRD analysis indicated that the trace elements accumulation appeared to be related with the contents of crystalline iron oxide and layer silicates Historical data from suspended sediments of the Yellow River and principal component analysis (PCA) implied that most of the metals (Cr, Ni, Cu, and Zn) were sourced from natural alluviation and sedimentation The Yellow River Delta soils were slightly polluted by heavy metals the Yellow River Delta The special pedogenic horizon characterized by higher iron oxides and layered silicates minerals in the middle and lower part of the soil profile was found with heavy metals enrichment, which required to be studied further Suspended sediments transported by the Yellow River were suggested to be one of the major sources for the heavy metals accumulation in the basal soils of this region

http://ir.yic.ac.cn/bitstream/133337/8742/1/Distribution%20of%20heavy%20metals%20in%20soils%20of%20the%20Yellow%20River%20Delta%20concentrations%20in%20different%20soil%20horizons%20and%20source%20identification.pdf

Distribution of heavy metals in soils of the Yellow River Delta: concentrations in different soil horizons and source identification

The residual levels of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were examined in soils covering five types of land use along a salinity gradient on the Yellow River Delta. The most prominent OCPs were dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (∑DDT, arithmetic mean = 5.11 μg kg−1), hexachlorocyclohexane (∑HCH, 1.69 μg kg−1) and ∑endosulfan (10.4 μg kg−1). The spatial variability of OCPs composition shifted from γ-HCH and o,p′-DDT dominated pesticides in coastal soils to p,p′-DDE dominated pesticides in inland soils. In different land-use types, the percentages of β-HCH and p,p′-DDE are characterized by more recalcitrant components in decreasing order of vegetable fields, cereal fields, cotton fields, wetlands and tidal flats with increasing soil salinity. However, the less recalcitrant components, γ-HCH and o,p′-DDT, showed an opposite trend. Endosulfan sulfate predominated in all land-use types. Residual levels of β-HCH were affected by soil organic matter. The correlations between γ-HCH and clay content and between p,p′-DDE, o,p′-DDT and salinity might associate with the influence of sediment cotransport by the Yellow River and the density of anthropogenic activities in coastal region. Depth distribution of the OCPs in typical soil profiles also implied that local historical usage and sediment transport by the Yellow River both affected the OCPs residual in this region.

http://ir.yic.ac.cn/bitstream/133337/10850/1/Characteristics%20of%20residual%20organochlorine%20pesticides%20in%20soils%20under%20different%20land-use%20types%20on%20a%20coastal%20plain%20of%20the%20Yellow%20River%20Delta.pdf

Characteristics of residual organochlorine pesticides in soils under different land-use types on a coastal plain of the Yellow River Delta.

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Distribution of heavy metals in soils of the Yellow River Delta: concentrations in different soil horizons and source identification

Characteristics of residual organochlorine pesticides in soils under different land-use types on a coastal plain of the Yellow River Delta.