A photonic crystal fiber (PCF) structure with three-zero dispersion wavelengths (ZDWs) and a flat dispersion curve was designed by adjusting the structural parameters (the diameters of small air holes inserted between standard lattices in the first and third rings) and fiber core size to obtain the required shape, number of extreme points and the dynamic range of waveguide dispersion (Dw) curve. A quantitative method which was realized by fixing the positions of the ZDWs and tailoring different dispersion slopes was proposed to design another PCF with the same ZDWs and a slightly larger dispersion slope. Both of the designed PCFs were used for contrast experiments of supercontinuum (SC) generation. The simulation results show that the flat dispersion can produce the coherent SC in both normal and anomalous dispersion regions for the designed two PCFs. The degree of flatness and the wavelength range of coherent SC are determined by the great time-domain compression due to the direct soliton spectrum tunneling (DSST) resulting from the mismatch between self-phase modulation and gradually decreasing dispersion. A wide, flat, and coherent SC with a wavelength range of 1281–2200 nm and power range of −14.8 ~ −9.4 dB was obtained for the PCF with flatter dispersion by pumping in the anomalous dispersion region with 50 fs incident pulse. This study is instructive for PCF design in different application scenarios and finds a new way for the generation of wide flat coherent spectrum.

Design of photonic crystal fibers with flat dispersion and three zero dispersion wavelengths for coherent supercontinuum generation in both normal and anomalous regions

A novel design of nearly zero dispersion Battened photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with double cladding is proposed. To employ traditional stack and draw technology, the cladding is composed of a traditional triangular lattice of air-holes and silica. The dispersion of the fiber is mainly engineered by the small air holes in the inner cladding, which are easily preserved in the fiber drawing procedure. The large air-holes in the outer cladding are mainly for light confinement. Thus, the dispersion property of the PCF is insensitive to the deformation of the air holes in the outer cladding. Using 8 layers of air-hole ring, the loss of the fundamental mode for the PCF is as low as 0.13 dB/km at 1.55 μm. The dispersion of the PCF fluctuates from −0.023 to 0.021 pskm−1 nm−1 in the range 1.45–1.625 μm.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0256-307X/26/5/054204/pdf

Design of Nearly Zero Dispersion Flattened Photonic Crystal Fiber with Double Cladding

Design of double cladding dispersion flattened photonic crystal fiber with deformation insensitive outer cladding air-holes

Presented work is a study of dispersion properties of photonic crystal fibers. The main objective is to design photonic crystal fibers suitable for potential compensation of group velocity dispersion of optical signals. New fiber structures are proposed, for example, a flattened-dispersion compensating photonic crystal fiber for broadband utilization in high-speed transmission systems is presented. The structure shows flattened negative value of dispersion over the O, C, and L bands. The fiber can eventually get applied in broadband optical signal recovery in systems with wavelength division multiplexing. Last but not least, a dual-core compensating microstructured fiber is optimized in order to achieve low dispersion and low loss at the C-band. Results presented in this work are obtained by using the FDFD method.

Broadband dispersion compensating photonic crystal fiber

The use of Photonic Crystal Fibers (PCF) is understood within their unique chromatic dispersion characteristics and nonlinear behavior, which is suitable for dispersion compensation or transmission of information without pulse spreading, leading to an intersymbol interference. Pulse spreading being the result of chromatic dispersion in optical fibers is considered as one of the critical issues in the design of optical fibers. Since the dispersion can result in worse system performance, it is necessary to prevent its occurrence or to compensate it. A systematic study of dispersion properties in PCFs is presented. The investigation includes a description of fiber chromatic dispersion dependence on structural and material parameters. Potential zero or anomalous dispersion in doped PCFs is achieved. An overview of current innovations on the studied problem is presented. Moreover, the new PCF with nearly zero ultra-flattened chromatic dispersion is introduced. It is shown from the numerical results that the dispersion of –0.025 ps/nm/km is available from the wavelength of 1200 nm to 1700 nm.

/pdf/photonic-crystal-fibers-with-optimized-dispersion-for-3lencm1rxz.pdf

Photonic Crystal Fibers with Optimized Dispersion for Telecommunication Systems

A broadband ultra flattened chromatic dispersion microstructured fiber for optical communications

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A broadband ultra flattened chromatic dispersion microstructured fiber for optical communications