American Society of Clinical Oncology 2021 Annual Meeting Highlights for Radiation Oncologists

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Immobilization masks are used to prevent patient movement during head and neck (H&N) radiotherapy. Motion restriction is beneficial both during treatment, as well as in the pre-treatment simulation phase, where magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is often used for target definition. However, the shape and size of the immobilization masks hinder the use of regular, close-fitting MRI receive arrays. In this work, we developed a mask-compatible 8-channel H&N array that consists of a single-channel baseplate, on which the mask can be secured, and a flexible 7-channel anterior element that follows the shape of the mask. The latter uses high impedance coils to achieve its flexibility and radiolucency. A fully-functional prototype was manufactured, its radiolucency was characterized, and the gain in imaging performance with respect to current clinical setups was quantified. Dosimetry measurements showed an overall dose change of −0.3%. Small, local deviations were up to −2.7% but had no clinically significant impact on a full treatment plan, as gamma pass rates (3%/3 mm) only slightly reduced from 97.9% to 97.6% (clinical acceptance criterion: ≥95%). The proposed H&N array improved the imaging performance with respect to three clinical setups. The H&N array more than doubled (+123%) and tripled (+246%) the signal-to-noise ratio with respect to the clinical MRI-simulation and MR-linac setups, respectively. G-factors were also lower with the proposed H&N array. The improved imaging performance resulted in a clearly visible signal-to-noise ratio improvement of clinically used TSE and DWI acquisitions. In conclusion, the 8-channel H&N array improves the imaging performance of MRI-simulation and MR-linac acquisitions, while dosimetry suggests that no clinically significant dose changes are induced.

A mask-compatible, radiolucent, 8-channel head and neck receive array for MRI-guided radiotherapy treatments and pre-treatment simulation

6018Background: We hypothesized that diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DWI) guided dose-painting radiotherapy (DP-RT) was associated with improved tumor control and survival compared with standard CT-...

A randomized phase II trial of diffusion-weighted MR imaging-guided radiotherapy plus chemotherapy versus standard chemoradiotherapy in locoregional advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Reportedly, activation of the NF-B signaling pathway is related to the proliferation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells; however, the underlying mechanism by which NF-B is activated in NPC cells is yet to be addressed. In our present studies, CREB-binding protein (CBP)-mediated acetylation of the NF-B p65 subunit and its effect on activation of NF-B p65 as well as its role in the proliferation of NPC cells were explored.Human NPC cell lines CNE1 and C666-1 were cultured in vitro. The acetylation (Lys310) and phosphorylation (Ser536) levels of NF-B p65 in NPC cell lines were detected by Western blot. Then, the mRNA levels of CBP, p300, PCAF and GCN5 in NPC cell lines were determined by real-time PCR. Subsequently, the interaction of p65 with CBP in NPC cell lines was detected by a co-immunoprecipitation experiment. Furthermore, an NF-B p65 mutant (at Lys310), NF-B inhibitor and CBP shRNA were used to study the effect of CBP-mediated acetylation of NF-B p65 on the proliferation of NPC cell lines by CCK-8 assay.NF-B p65 was markedly acetylated at the site of Lys310 in NPC cells. Moreover, the mutation of NF-B p65 at the acetylation site markedly reduced proliferation of human NPC cells. Further investigation revealed that CBP was up-regulated and physically associated with NF-B p65 at the protein level in NPC cells. CBP-mediated NF-B p65 acetylation enhanced its phosphorylation and further contributed to the proliferation of NPC cells.This study indicated that CBP-mediated NF-B p65 acetylation promotes the proliferation of NPC cells.

https://www.archivesofmedicalscience.com/pdf-69744-59653?filename=CBP_mediated acetylation.pdf

CBP-mediated acetylation of NF-κB p65 contributes to the proliferation of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells

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A randomized phase II trial of diffusion-weighted MR imaging-guided radiotherapy plus chemotherapy versus standard chemoradiotherapy in locoregional advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

CBP-mediated acetylation of NF-κB p65 contributes to the proliferation of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells