Copper indium sulfide quantum dots in photocatalysis.

In last few years, the researchers from different communities are focusing the wastewater treatment of medical and aquaculture industry. More importantly, the antibiotic released from the hospitals and aquaculture badly effecting water bodies. In this work, a series of CuInS2/ZnS (CIS/ZnS) heterojunction nanomaterials are prepared through solvothermal method and analyzed using different techniques. The photocatalytic behavior of CIS/ZnS heterojunctions in the degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) is investigated under visible light irradiation. The results show that up to 86% of TCH degrades in 3 h with the optimized CIS/ZnS(1:2) sample. The enhanced photocatalytic activity is attributed to the formation of S-scheme heterojunctions, which promotes charge separation and transportation in CIS/ZnS composite materials. The photocatalytic mechanism is elucidated based on the electron paramagnetic resonance technique, optical properties and charge/radical trapping experiments. The visible-light absorption ability is enhanced, and superoxide radical (•O2−) is confirmed to be one of the main active species according to active substance capturing experiments. The high stability of CIS/ZnS composite provides a new way to design effective photocatalysts for the eradication of hazardous materials from environment. 

S-scheme CuInS2/ZnS heterojunctions for the visible light-driven photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline antibiotic drugs

CoFe2O4/NiFe2O4 S-scheme composite for photocatalytic decomposition of antibiotic contaminants

Photocatalysis is an effective technology to convert solar energy into chemical energy, which has attracted great attention for the degradation of water pollutants and the hydrogen production by water splitting. The nonmetallic polymer g-C3N4 (GCN) can meet the thermodynamic conditions of photocatalytic water splitting, but its performances are not satisfying due to its narrow light absorption range and high recombination rate of photogenerated charge carriers. Among metal sulfide semiconductors, Ag–In sulfide quantum dots (AIS QDs), such as AgInS2, show excellent visible light absorption and promising photoactivity. In this work, AIS QDs-modified GCN is synthesized by an in situ growth method in mild conditions. The photocatalytic activity of the AIS-QDs/GCN nanocomposite is notably higher than that of the pure phase g-C3N4. Especially, the sample containing 10 wt % AIS QDs has the best activity in both tetracycline degradation and hydrogen generation, reaching 48.5% degradation efficiency in 1 h of visible light exposure (3.2 times that of GCN) and a hydrogen evolution rate of 62.3 μmol·g–1·h–1 (that of bare GCN being negligible). The optical and photoelectrochemical characterization highlights the interplay between the two components, suggesting that the enhanced photocatalytic activity of AIS-QDs/GCN is mainly due to the broadening of the light absorption range, the acceleration of charge transfer, and the reduction of the carrier pair recombination rate due to the formation of a type-II heterojunction inside the composite catalyst. This work is among the first attempts to modify g-C3N4 with polysulfide quantum dots to improve its catalytic performance, and the results provide an important step for advances in the application of these systems. 

Exploration of the g-C3N4 Heterostructure with Ag–In Sulfide Quantum Dots for Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity

Doped nanomaterials: Application in hydrogen production via photocatalytic water splitting

ApoE4-mediated blood-brain barrier damage in Alzheimer's disease: Progress and prospects

Effect of Cobalt Doping on the Photocatalytic Performance of Agins2 for Organic Pollutant Degradation and Hydrogen Production

The circadian clock is closely associated with inflammatory reactions. Increased inflammatory cytokine levels have been detected in the airways of nocturnal asthma. However, the mechanisms that contribute to the nocturnal increase in inflammatory responses and the relationship with circadian clock remain unknown. Methods Inflammatory cytokine levels were measured in asthma patients with and without nocturnal symptoms. Allergic airway disease was induced in mice by ovalbumin (OVA), and different periods of light/dark cycles were used to induce circadian rhythm disorders. Serum shock was used to stimulate the rhythmic expression in human bronchial epidermal cells (16HBE). The expression and oscillation of circadian clock genes and inflammatory cytokines in 16HBE cells subjected to brain and muscle ARNT-like protein-1 (BMAL1) and Forkhead Box A2 (FOXA2) knockdown and treatment with a FOXA2 overexpression plasmid were assessed. Results Serum IL-6 was found to be significantly higher in asthmatic patients with nocturnal symptoms than those without nocturnal symptoms. The OVA-induced asthma model with a circadian rhythm disorder and 16HBE cells treated with serum shock showed an increase in IL-6 levels and a negative correlation with BMAL1 and FOXA2. The knockdown of BMAL1 resulted in a lower correlation between IL-6 and other rhythm clock genes. Furthermore, knockdown of the BMAL1 and FOXA2 in 16HBE cells reduced the expression and rhythmic fluctuations of IL-6. Conclusions Our findings suggest that there are increased IL-6 levels in nocturnal asthma resulting from inhibition of the BMAL1/FOXA2 signalling pathway in airway epithelial cells.

/pdf/bmal1-foxa2-induced-rhythmic-fluctuations-in-il-6-contribute-1p14hrnp.pdf

BMAL1/FOXA2-induced rhythmic fluctuations in IL-6 contribute to nocturnal asthma attacks

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a classic prototype of the multisystem autoimmune disease and follows a relapsing and remitting course. Triptolide is a diterpene triepoxide extracted from Chinese medicine Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, with potent immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory properties. Our previous work observed that triptolide alleviated lupus in MRL/lpr lupus mice with the upregulation of regulatory T cells (Treg) proportion in previous study. In this study, we explored the proportion of follicular T regulatory (Tfr), follicular T helper (Tfh) and germinal center (GC) B cells in lupus mice and evaluated the efficacy of triptolide for lupus treatment in vivo.20 female MRL/lpr mice were randomly divided into 2 treatment groups and treated orally with vehicle or triptolide. C3H mice were all housed as controlled group and treated orally with vehicle. The percentage of Tfr cells, Tfh cells and GC B cells in spleen of mice were detected by Flow cytometric analysis and immunohistochemistry after 13 weeks of treatment.We found that the percentage of Tfr cells decreased in MRL/lpr mice compared with controlled mice. The percentage of Tfh cells in MRL/lpr mice was significantly higher compared with that in controlled mice. The ratio of Tfr/Tfh is also decreased in lupus mice. After treated with triptolide in MRL/Lpr mice in vivo, the percentage of Tfr cells and ratio of Tfr/Tfh increased. The proportion of GC B cells also decreased in mice treated with triptolide by FACS and immunohistochemistry.Our results demonstrate that the effect of triptolide in alleviating lupus is partly by reversing immune imbalance with increased percentage of Tfr cells and ratio of Tfr/Tfh. Triptolide might also has effect on immune response through inhibiting proliferating GC B cells. 

/pdf/triptolide-regulates-the-balance-of-tfr-tfh-in-lupus-mice-28h9kkbt.pdf

Triptolide regulates the balance of Tfr/Tfh in lupus mice

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ApoE4-mediated blood-brain barrier damage in Alzheimer's disease: Progress and prospects

Effect of Cobalt Doping on the Photocatalytic Performance of Agins2 for Organic Pollutant Degradation and Hydrogen Production

BMAL1/FOXA2-induced rhythmic fluctuations in IL-6 contribute to nocturnal asthma attacks

Triptolide regulates the balance of Tfr/Tfh in lupus mice