Design of an off-axis system using the Wassermann–Wolf (W-W) differential equations can effectively eliminate the spherical aberration and coma problem; however, it is complicated and time consuming to calculate the discrete point coordinates on the freeform mirror surfaces due to multiple numbers of reference system transformation in the design process. This paper presents an improved W-W-differential-equations-based design method for off-axis three-mirror freeform systems. First, to reduce the number of coordinate transformations, a geometric relationship between different optical rays in an off-axis system is established using the distance between the central points of adjacent mirrors. Second, a three-dimensional rotation matrix is used to associate the optical paths passing through adjacent mirrors in different reference coordinate systems, and new simplified W-W differential equations based on the ray vectors are constructed. The experimental results show that our method can easily and effectively design off-axis three-mirror freeform systems with different parameters and structures, and the designed systems have good imaging quality.

Off-axis three-mirror freeform systems design based on improved W-W differential equations

The ability to detect and recognize the low-contrast and distance targets in a complex environment is of great importance for many applications. However, one or two single spectral channel imaging ...

Optical design and fabrication of a three-channel common-aperture multispectral polarization camera

Dual mode, imaging infrared and semi-active laser, seeker design with squinted combined diffractive optical element

Design and alignment of off-axis reflection beam expanding and contracting optical system


 Polarization manipulation of light is of great importance which could promote the development of wireless communications, biosensing and polarization imaging. In order to use natural light more efficiently, it is highly demanded to design and fabricate high performance asymmetric polarization converters which could covert the natural light to one particular linearly polarized light with high efficiency. Traditionally, polarizers could be achieved by controllers with crystals and polymers exhibiting birefringence. However, the polarizers are bulky in size and the theoretical conversion efficiency of the polarizers is limited to 0.5 with unpolarized light incidence. In this paper, we propose a polarization converter which could preserve high transmission for one linearly polarized light and convert the orthogonal linearly polarized light to its cross-polarized with high transmittance based on a multi-layer chiral metasurface. Theoretical results show that normally incident $y$-polarized light preserves high transmittance for the wavelength range from 685 to 800 nm while the orthogonal normally incident $x$-polarized light is efficiently converted to the $y$-polarized light with high transmittance from 725 to 748 nm. Accordingly, for unpolarized light incidence, transmittance larger than 0.5 has been successfully achieved in a broadband wavelength range from 712 to 773 nm with a maximum transmittance of 0.58 at 732 nm.

High efficiency and high transmission asymmetric polarization converter with chiral metasurface in visible and near-infrared

Optical design of common-aperture multispectral and polarization optical imaging system with wide field of view

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Optical design of common-aperture multispectral and polarization optical imaging system with wide field of view