In this study, a roasting-hydrolysis-acid leaching process is used to extract scandium from the scandium rough concentrate. The scandium rough concentrate containing Sc2O3 of 76.98 g/t was obtained by magnetic separation, gravity separation, and electric separation from Sc-bearing Vi-Ti magnetite tailings in the Panxi area of China. The majority of scandium in scandium rough concentrate mainly occurs in diopside, titanopyroxene, montmorillonite, chlorite, talc, aluminosilicate minerals, and isomorphism. Sodium salt and scandium coarse concentrate are added into the roasting furnace for roasting, which makes the fusion reaction of silicon, aluminum and sodium salt to produce soluble salts such as sodium silicate and sodium metaaluminate. Scandium is further recovered from the hydrolysis residue by acid leaching. Test results show scandium leaching recovery of 95.12% and the acid leaching residue with Sc2O3 content of 8.12 g/t are obtained, while the extraction of scandium is obvious. There is no obvious peak value of Scandium spectrum in hydrochloric acid leach residue. Most of scandium in hydrolytic residue is dissolved into Sc3+ and enters into the liquid phase. The main minerals in leach residue are perovskite, ferric silicate, and olivine.

/pdf/recovering-scandium-from-scandium-rough-concentrate-using-1ztzor8xqc.pdf

Recovering Scandium from Scandium Rough Concentrate Using Roasting-Hydrolysis-Leaching Process

In this study, sulfuric acid leaching and gravity shaking-table separation by shaking a table are used to extract lead and zinc from a Pb-Zn oxidizing roasting cinder. The oxidizing roasting cinder—containing 16.9% Pb, 30.5% Zn, 10.3% Fe and 25.1% S—was obtained from a Pb-Zn sulfide ore in the Hanyuan area of China by a flotation-rotary kiln oxidizing roasting process. Anglesite and lead oxide were the main Pb-bearing minerals, while zinc sulfate, zinc oxide and zinc ferrite were the main Zn-bearing minerals. The results show that a part of lead contained in lead oxide is transformed to anglesite, and a 3PbO·PbSO4·H2O-dominated new lead mineral phase after acid leaching. A zinc leaching efficiency of 96.7% was obtained under the leaching conditions used: a leaching temperature of 55 °C; a leaching time of 90 min; a sulfuric acid dosage of 20%; a sulfurous acid dosage of 4%; a cinder particle size of <0.3 mm; and a solid-liquid ratio of R = 1:4. After the gravity shaking-table separation, a lead concentrate with 50.2% Pb, 2.33% Zn and lead recovery of 86.0% was produced. The main chemical compounds in leaching residue are anglesite, 3PbO·PbSO4·H2O, SiO2 and ZnFe2O4, while the main chemical compounds in lead concentrate are anglesite, 3PbO·PbSO4·H2O and SiO2.

https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/10/4/465/pdf

Extraction of Lead and Zinc from a Rotary Kiln Oxidizing Roasting Cinder

In this investigation, micro-flotation, zeta potential measurements, adsorption tests, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) were used to assess the separation mechanism of ilmenite and titanaugite using a novel cationic reagent, 2-amino-1,3-propanediol (APD). The micro-flotation results of single mineral and artificially mixed minerals demonstrated that APD had a negligible impact on ilmenite flotation, whereas it significantly reduced the recovery of titanaugite, resulting in the selective flotation of ilmenite from titanaugite. Zeta potential measurements indicated a significant positive shift in the titanaugite surface potential following interaction with APD, whereas the ilmenite surface potential exhibited a minimal change in the pH range between the isoelectric point (IEP) of the two minerals. The adsorption test demonstrated that a higher quantity of APD adsorbed onto the titanaugite surface than that of ilmenite. Moreover, APD adsorbed onto the titanaugite surface via chemical interaction with active sites containing Ca and Mg, which was confirmed by FTIR and XPS analysis. Overall, APD exhibits favorable adsorption characteristics on the surface of titanaugite through a combination of electrostatic attraction and chemical interaction, whereas its interaction with ilmenite is hindered by electrostatic repulsion. It is hoped that this study will contribute to the development of highly efficient flotation depressants targeting titanaugite in the field of ilmenite flotation. 

Selective flotation of ilmenite from titanaugite using 2-amino-1,3-propanediol as a novel depressant

In this study, we developed a pipeline transport model to investigate the influence of particle sedimentation factors on slurry transportation through pipelines. The particle tracking module of the software was used to simulate the transport process, and the influences on the sedimentation rate were analyzed considering the slurry concentration, particle size, and flow velocity. The established model exhibited small calculation errors. In addition, the results revealed that the proposed model is reliable for calculating the degree of influence of various factors on particle sedimentation. The effect of the particle sedimentation rate on the pipeline slurry was explored considering the particle size, slurry concentration, and flow velocity. The sedimentation rate was positively related to particle size and adversely related to the slurry concentration and flow velocity. Indeed, study on the sedimentation rate requires considering a reasonable range of particle sizes, preparing a slurry with an appropriate concentration, and adjusting an appropriate flow velocity. Numerical simulations were performed using the filling data as the background for a sample mining area. The experimental results showed optimal slurry concentration and particle size of 60% and 25.25 µm, respectively.

Study and Analysis on the Influence Degree of Particle Settlement Factors in Pipe Transportation of Backfill Slurry

Recent technology developments in beneficiation and enrichment of ilmenite: A review

In this paper, sodium oleate, polyacrylamide, soluble starch and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose were used as flocculants to study the flocculation and sedimentation behavior of microfine ilmenite. Sedimentation test shows that sodium oleate and polyacrylamide have good flocculation effect on ultrafine ilmenite. The flocculation rate of ilmenite can be further improved by the combination of sodium oleate and polyacrylamide. It was found that both flocculants could generate chemical adsorption with ilmenite surface, and they all react with Fe3+ on ilmenite surface. However, sodium oleate reacts with Fe3+ to form a water-insoluble iron oleate precipitate which coats the surface of the ilmenite and hinders the action of polyacrylamide and the remaining Fe3+. This problem can be avoided by adding polyacrylamide followed by sodium oleate, and the flotation recovery can be increased significantly.

http://www.journalssystem.com/ppmp/pdf-114362-45444?filename=Study on separation of.pdf

Study on separation of fine-particle ilmenite and mechanism using flocculation flotation with sodium oleate and polyacrylamide

The invention relates to a method for recovering iron and titanium from vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings. The method comprises the steps of screening, sorting, grading, roughly separating throughweak magnetism, finely separating through weak magnetism, roughly separating through strong magnetism, and finely separating through strong magnetism. The method has the advantages of being few in technical processes, small in environmental pollution, high in product quality, and high in operability; a novel ideal is supplied to effectively recover valuable metal iron and titanium from a vanadium-titanium magnetite tailing resource; and the problem of long-term low utilization efficiency of the vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings can be reduced.

Method for recovering iron and titanium from vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings

The present invention relates to a method for preparing refined iron powder based on a red mud extract, and the method comprises the following steps of: drying raw materials, preparing powder with drygrinding, mixing evenly, drying, roasting and cooling pellet materials, primary grinding, primary magnetic separation, secondary grinding and secondary magnetic separation. The preparation method ofthe present invention can be used in comprehensive utilization of secondary tailing resources and especially used for efficiently extracting and separating valuable metallic iron in iron-containing red mud generated in an aluminum oxide production process so as to prepare a refined iron powder product with an iron grade of more than 80% and an iron recovery rate of more than 85%; besides the method has a remarkable iron extraction effect.

Method for preparing refined iron powder based on red mud extract

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Study on separation of fine-particle ilmenite and mechanism using flocculation flotation with sodium oleate and polyacrylamide

Method for recovering iron and titanium from vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings

Method for preparing refined iron powder based on red mud extract