Author(s): Jensen, Derek | Abstract: This dissertation asks how civic institutions (the city council and the academic gymnasium), socio-economic structures (civic and private patronage) and religion and civic ideals in the city of Danzig shaped creative thought about the science of the stars during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries Reciprocally, it looks at how the use of scientific knowledge created distinctive representations of the city both as it appeared to its own citizens and as it was presented to others outside of the city walls By employing a variety of sources, including Latin texts, printed prognostications, astrological and astronomical pamphlets, handwritten marginalia, German poetry, artwork (both printed illustrations and freestanding pieces), travelers' accounts, personal correspondence and funeral sermons, I explore how those who lived in Danzig represented their observations of the stars While concentrating on Danzig, the dissertation compares and contrasts experiences in Danzig to other places Examples of comparisons are those in chapters 1 and 4, which compare systems of courtly patronage found in other European cities with systems of civic and private patronage found in Danzig Chapter 2 considers the books of Peter Cruger (1580-1639), professor of mathematics and poetry in the Danzig gymnasium, and his concern to remain within the bounds of correct Lutheran doctrine He wrote at a time when Lutherans held powerful positions within city government and in the administration of the gymnasium In chapter 3, I focus on the writings of Peter Cruger's pupil, Andreas Gryphius (1616-1664) Gryphius later became a celebrated German poet and statesman Understanding his stay in Danzig and his studies under Cruger, I argue, are vital to understanding his poetry, plays and prose Chapters 5 through 7 concentrate on another of Cruger's students, namely, Johannes Hevelius (1611-1687) Chapter 5 studies Hevelius's first major publication, Selenographia (1647) and argues that Hevelius's concern to honor his city was intimately connected to the creation and final production of Selenographia In Chapter 6, I examine the frontispiece to Hevelius's posthumously published Uranographia (1690) The frontispiece is an allegorical depiction of the "Last Judgment" of Hevelius and his astronomical works Hevelius's "Last Judgment" resembles in form and content other judgment scene paintings in Danzig The final chapter compares and contrasts the lives of Hevelius and Tycho Brahe (1546-1601) using a sermon given at Hevelius's funeral as the primary text of analysis

The science of the stars in Danzig from Rheticus to Hevelius

List of contributors Preface Acknowledgements 1. The Carolingian period and the early Middle Ages (750-1100) Brian O. Murdoch 2. The high and later Middle Ages (1100-1450) Nigel F. Palmer 3. The early modern period (1450-1720) Helen Watanabe-O'Kelly 4. The German enlightenment (1720-1790) Ruth-Ellen Boetcher Joeres 5. Aesthetic humanism (1790-1830) Nicholas Saul 6. Revolution, resignation, realism (1830-1890) Gail Finney 7. From naturalism to national socialism (1890-1945) Ritchie Robertson 8. The literature of the German Democratic Republic (1945-1990) Helen Fehervary 9. German writing in the West (1945-1990) Moray McGowan Select bibliography Index.

The Cambridge history of German literature

This article has a twofold aim: first, to explain the concept of confessionalization that has been developed in recent decades in German historiography as an interpretive tool for the period and to review the main lines of its critique, which raise important questions for the discussion of “confessionalization and literature”; and second, to explore the connections between confessionalization and literature as well as the applicability of the concept of confessionalization to the history of literature, a little-understood but increasingly important question for early modern cultural history. The understanding of the literature of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries is greatly enhanced by the cooperation between literary scholars and historians. First, the literature of the age of the Reformation and Counter-Reformation was not yet an autonomous entity in society and therefore requires historical contextualization, particularly with regard to its social origins. Second, Germanists have extended the definition of early modern literature to include all kinds of Gebrauchsliteratur (functional literature), which are often important sources for historians. “Literature” and “confessionalization,” however, are difficult terms representing very complex phenomena. “Literature” is understood here as encompassing all printed works of the period, of which this article can of course only explore a sample; “confessionalization” denotes an interpretive concept, which has been criticized and modified in recent research. Given the exploratory purpose of this discussion, a good many questions will be raised for which we have no clear answers at the present time; we hope above all to further the exchange of ideas between literary scholars and historians working on the confessional age.

Confessionalization and Literature in the Empire, 1555–1700

Revolution, resignation, realism (1830–1890)

Aesthetic humanism (1790–1830)

Goethe, eine psychoanalytische Studie, 1775-1786

Dichtung, Religion und Gesellschaft im 17. Jahrhundert : die Sonnete des Andreas Gryphius

Dichtung, Religion und Gesellschaft im 17. Jahrhundert: Die 'Sonette' des Andreas Gryphius@@@Der junge Gryphius und die Tradition: Studien zu den Perikopensonetten und Passionsliedern

Frauenfreundschaft, Männerfreundschaft : literarische Diskurse im 18. Jahrhundert

Erinnerte Zukunft : 11 Studien zum Werk Christa Wolfs

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