In a study of the pathogenicity of mucoid variants of brucellae for guinea pigs (Jones and Berman, 1951), it was reported that mucoid strains vary in their ability to persist and produce changes in the animal tissues. In mixed infections of mucoid and smooth brucellae, the smooth form was found to persist longer. The mucoid form was eliminated more rapidly from animals which had a simultaneously or previously established infection with smooth organisms than from a similar series of animals inoculated with mucoid organisms only. The effect of prior inoculation of mucoid cultures on the susceptibility of guinea pigs to later infection with smooth cultures was not studied intensively by these authors. Further observations on the persistence or disappearance of the mucoid form in the presence of infection with smooth organisms were

Further studies of the pathogenicity and immunogenicity of mucoid variants of Brucella abortus for guinea pigs.

The disease produced by parenteral inoculation of brucellae into guinea pigs is usually chronic, retrogressive and rarely fatal. The degree of involvement of the reticulo-endothelial system may be taken as a measurement of the pathogenicity of a culture and may be evaluated, in part, by observation of the gross lesions and the persistence of the organisms in the animal tissues. Although few comprehensive studies have been reported, most workers have considered nonsmooth variants of brucellae to be of relatively low pathogenicity. Henry (1933) found that rough cultures were capable of general distribution in the guinea pig early in infection but incapable of persisting beyond the 5th week. Other workers (Zdrodowski et al, 1930; Marshall and Jared, 1931) reported that a few nonsmooth variant cultures could be recovered from guinea pig tissues as long as 7 and 8 weeks after inoculation, but the majority of cultures studied were eliminated in the first few weeks. Huddleson (1947) re-

https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdfplus/30101481.pdf

The pathogenicity of mucoid variants of Brucellae for guinea pigs.

Die Leistungssteigerung der photographischen Platte bei Aufnahmen schwacher Nebelhelligkeiten. II

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the subject of several overlapping schemes of classification in which the subgroups are often poorly defined. New methods of classification have been applied to accommodate new information and new concepts. These are often appropriate only in limited circumstances and may lead to confusion if applied out of context. We will describe the principal schemes used to classify AF and discuss the limitations of each.

Classification of atrial fibrillation

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Variation among bacteria

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Variation among bacteria