Larvae of Allothrombium (Acari: Trombidioidea) are ectoparasites of aphids and other arthropods. This paper reviews the systematics of larval Allothrombium. The larvae of 11 species of Allothrombium Berlese, 1903 (= Aphithrombium Childers and Vercammen-Grandjean, 1980; = Nippotrombium Southcott, 1986) are recognized, and a key to known species provided. Larvae of Allothrombium ovatum sp. nov., ectoparasitic on aphids in China, are described. Host records of larval Allothrombium mites, whenever known, are also given.

Review of larval Allothrombium (Acari: Trombidioidea), with description of a new species ectoparasitic on aphids in China

The data on host-parasite associations between Hemiptera and terrestrial Parasitengona mites are summarized and supplemented with new records. The species names of parasitic mites are verified according to the most recent data. Altogether, representatives of 26 parasitengone genera are known to parasitize bugs. The systematics of the hemipteran hosts is provided in the form of appendix.

https://bioone.org/journals/Annales-Zoologici/volume-63/issue-2/000345413X669522/A-Review-of-Host-Parasite-Associations-between-Terrestrial-Parasitengona-Actinotrichida/10.3161/000345413X669522.pdf

A review of host-parasite associations between terrestrial parasitengona (actinotrichida: prostigmata) and bugs (hemiptera)

Aspects of biology of the biocontrol agent, Allothrombium pulvinum Ewing, and its impact on twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, were studied in cotton fields in Jiangsu Province, China. This species has one generation per year. Adults hibernate in cracks in the soil. In the early spring, adult females each lay 1 to 2 masses of eggs in the soil, with each egg mass consisting of 87 to 346 eggs. Larvae appear during spring and are ectoparasitic on aphids. Deutonymphs are abundant during summer and feed on spider mites. Adults emerge in the later summer and are predatory on spider mites, aphids and other small arthropods. Postimaginal molting occurs once in these mites. The adult population reaches its peak density in autumn.



During the late spring and summer, when deutonymphs are present in cotton fields, A. pulvinum can reduce the densities of twospotted spider mite. There is a significant correlation between the presence of A. pulvinum deutonymphs and low densities of spider mites. Excessive pesticide use disrupts the natural control of spider mites by predatory mites. In fields that were frequently sprayed during the early season, A. pulvinum were low in number and T. urticae grew to high numbers in late July, whereas in fields that were rarely sprayed during the early season, A. pulvinum were relatively high in number and T. urticae were kept at low levels during most days of summer.



Zusammenfassung

Untersuchungen uber Allothrombium pulvinum Ewing (Acari, Trombidiidae): Biologie und Wirkung auf die Spinnmilbe Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari, Tetranychidae) in Baumwolle-Feldern



Es wurden in Baumwolle-Feldern der Provinz Jiangsu, China, Aspekte der Biologie der zur biologischen Bekampfung der Spinnmilbe T. urticae brauchbaren Raubmilbe A. pulvinum untersucht. A. pulvinum hat eine Generation im Jahr. Die Adulten uberwintern im Boden. Im zeitigen Fruhjahr legt jedes Weibchen ein bis zwei Eigelege ab, die jeweils 87 bis 346 Eier umfassen. Die wahrend des Fruhjahrs auftretenden Larven leben ektoparasitisch an Blattlausen. Die Deutonymphen sind im Sommer verbreitet und ernahren sich von Spinnmilben. Die Adulten schlupfen im Spatsommer und leben von Spinnmilben, Blattlausen und anderen kleinen Arthropoden. Die Adulten-Dichte erreicht ihr Maximum im Herbst.



Wahrend des Spatfruhjahrs und Sommers, wenn die Deutonymphen in den Baumwolle-Feldern verbreitet sind, kann A. pulvinum die T. urticae-Dichte wesentlich reduzieren. Es wurde eine gesicherte Korrelation zwischen steigender A. pulvinum-Dichte und abnehmender T. urticae-Dichte festgestellt. Ubermasige Pestizidanwendungen unterbrechen diese Beziehungen und fuhren zur Zunahme der Spinnmilbe. Bei seltenem Pestizidgebrauch war die Allothrombium-Population imstande, die Tetranychus-Dichte auf niedrigem Niveau zu halten.

Biology of Allothrombium pulvinum Ewing (Acari, Trombidiidae) and its impact on twospotted spider mite (Acari, Tetranychidae) in cotton fields

RESUME L'auteur decrit deux especes nouvelles sous leur forme larvaire: Eutrombidium feldmanmuhsamae n. sp. Et Allothrombium chanaanense n. sp. Elles different des autres larves des memes genres par la morphologie du scutum et du scutellum, par la forme et le nombre des poils de l'hysterosome et par la tabulation despoils des pattes.

Contribution a la connaissance des larves d'acariens du bassin oriental de la mediterranee

Two morphological data sets for eight trombidioid genera (Acari: Parasitengona) were analyzed separately and in combination using cladistic methods. One data set comprised 15 adult morphological characters, whereas the other comprised 29 larval morphological characters. Analyzed separately, the data on adults produced five equally parsimonious trees and the data on larvae produced three equally parsimonious trees. Analyses of both data sets revealed two distinct clades in Trombidiidae: clade A (Podothrombium, Pollicotrombium, Paratrombium, and Trombidium) and clade B (Dinothrombium, Clinotrombium, and Allothrombium). However, the within-clade generic relationships were resolved by data from larvae only in clade A and by data from adults only in clade B. Analysis of the combined data produced a single most parsimonious tree, with both clade A (Podothrombium (Pollicotrombium (Paratrombium, Trombidium))) and clade B (Dinothrombium (Clinotrombium, Allothrombium)) completely resolved. Thus, data on larvae and ...

A cladistic analysis of Trombidiidae (Acari: Parasitengona): congruence of larval and adult character sets

The egg, prelarva, larva, and nymph of Allothrombium lerouxi Moss are described. The chaetotaxy of the larva is discussed, and a key is given for separation of the six Allothrombium species known from the larval stage. On the basis of larval morphology, the closest affinity of A. lerouxi apparently is to the Palaearctic A. fuliginosum (Hermann).

The Immature Stages of the Red Velvet Mite Allothrombium lerouxi (Acari: Trombidiidae)

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The Immature Stages of the Red Velvet Mite Allothrombium lerouxi (Acari: Trombidiidae)