The Chicago Institute of Psychoanalysis and the Sixth Period of the Development of Psychoanalytic Technique

The psychoanalytic approach to the psychoses.

A critical digest of the literature on selection of candidates for psychoanalytic training.

New psychoanalytic techniques stemming from various object relations and Kleinian frameworks have increasingly diverged from many of the principles of classical analysis, such as interpretations of genetic transference, resistances and reconstructions of the past. In contrast to the wide-ranging foci of classical technique, the so-called modern analysis is narrowly focused on the interpretation of transference in the here-and-now analytic relationship. This change in technique is attributed to paradigm shifts from Freud's intrapsychic metapsychology to two-person theories about internal object relationships, infantile phantasies and countertransference. This paper examines important elements of this broad issue through a specific focus on the controversy over the therapeutic value of extra-transference interpretations vs. here-and-now transference interpretations. An extensive review of the literature is followed by excerpts from published analyses to illustrate the different clinical styles of classical vs. modern analysis. Freud's actual analytic work with a patient is presented to show his natural, rule-free clinical style is very different from his early technique papers. Classical technique is also illustrated by a description of relevant aspects of the author's own training analysis with Anna Freud. Finally, a clinical vignette illustrates the author's approach to extra-transference material and its interpretation.

Extra-transference interpretation. A defense of classical technique.

There are three publications in the technical literature which stand as landmarks in the history of psychoanalysis: Freud‘s Papers on Technique (ZO), Glover’s Lectures on Technique (30), and Fenichel’s Problems of Psychoanalytic Technique (12). Glover’s Lectures, originally delivered to the students of the London Institute of Psycho-Analysis in 1927-1928 and first published in book form shortly thereafter (31), have reappeared in a revised form, enriched by the author’s increased experience and deepened by the discoveries of the past three decades. This new book, Tlie Technique of Psycho-Analysis by Edward Glover (37), not only offers the student a rare opportunity to review the application of the Freudian method in close association with the theoretical tenets upon which psychoanalysis is founded, but provides the experienced analyst with a cinemascopic view of this vast subject. For the purpose of this essay it also serves as an excellent background for a comparative study of the other recent publications on technique which present deviations from the classical approach: Benjamin Wolstein’s Transference: I ts Meaning and Function in Psychoanalytic Therapy (56), Izette de Forest’s Tlie Leaven of Love: A Deuelopment of the Psychoanalytic Theory and Technique of Sandor Ferenczi (S), and Trygve Braatoy’s Fundamentals of Psychoanalytic Technique (7). . Edward Glover is in a unique position to write on the subject of psychoanalytic technique. Scottish by birth and trained in Berlin, he has always been an assiduous student of Freudian psychoanalytic thought. As a member of the British Group, he was exposed to and

Recent books on psychoanalytic technique; a comparative study.

Present trends in psychoanalytic theory and practice

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Present trends in psychoanalytic theory and practice