Methods and systems for the production of ethyl acetate are described herein. The methods and systems incorporate the novel use of a high shear device to promote dispersion and mixing of a carbonyl co-reactant (e.g. acetic acid, acetaldehyde) with ethanol. The high shear device may allow for lower reaction temperatures and pressures and may also reduce reaction time with existing catalysts.

Method of producing ethyl acetate

This invention relates to an emulsified water-blended fuel composition comprising: (A) a hydrocarbon boiling in the gasoline or diesel range; (B) water; (C) a minor emulsifying amount of at least one fuel-soluble salt made by reacting (C)(I) at least one acylating agent having about 16 to 500 carbon atoms with (C)(II) ammonia and/or at least one amine; and (D) about 0.001 to about 15% by weight of the water-blended fuel composition of a water soluble, ashless, halogen-, boron-, and phosphorus-free, amine salt, distinct from component (C). In one embodiment, the composition further comprises (E) at least one cosurfactant distinct from component (C); in one embodiment, (F) at least one organic cetane improver; and in one embodiment, (G) at least one antifreeze. The invention also relates to a method for fueling an internal combustion engine comprising fueling said engine with the composition of the present invention.

Emulsified water-blended fuel compositions

An aqueous hydrocarbon fuel is produced by a batch or continuous process. The process employs a reactant emulsion as a starting component with a hydrocarbon fuel, emulsifier and water. The resulting aqueous hydrocarbon fuel emulsion has improved stability.

A continuous process for making an aqueous hydrocarbon fuel emulsion

A variety of methods for thermal recovery of natural gas and bitumen from a formation containing the latter. In general, the methods incorporate a series of existing, but previously uncombined technologies. A modified flue gas from the steam generators conventionally used in a SAGD recovery operation is injected into the formation to enhance recovery with the produced fluids, natural gas, bitumen, inter alia are further processed. The injection of the flue gas conveniently is disposed of and further acts to repressurize the formation which otherwise becomes depressurized when depleted of natural gas. Accordingly, environmental and economic advantages are realized with the methodology.

Flue gas injection for heavy oil recovery

A 3-D model of a subject matter may be constructed from a plurality of lidar shots and overlapping EO images of the subject matter. Each of the lidar shots may be mapped to image patches within two or more of the EO images using navigation data associated with the lidar shots and EO images. Each of the back-projected lidar points may be set as a centroid of an image patch (collection of pixels) within an EO image. With the aid of the lidar centroids, the image patches in overlapping EO images may be correlated and an image-based pixel-to-pixel coordinate association therebetween may be calculated. Using this refined pixel-to-pixel coordinate association, a 3-D model of the subject matter may be constructed and refined using photogrammetry techniques. Videogrammetry techniques, such as optical flow techniques, may be applied if a sufficient amount of EO imagery data is available.

Lidar-assisted multi-image matching for 3-d model and sensor pose refinement

An aqueous hydrocarbon fuel is produced by a continuous process. Further, the continuous process employs at least two emulsification devices, in series, to produce an aqueous hydrocarbon fuel containing aqueous droplets having a mean diameter of less than 1.0 microns.

Continuous process for making an aqueous hydrocarbon fuel

A process to make water-blended fuel by emulsifying the emulsifier in a portion of the fuel, then adding the water under high shear mixing to give a concentrated water fuel emulsion. The concentrated emulsion is then diluted with final of fuel using mixing or blending conditions resulting in an emulsified water blend fuel.

A concentrated emulsion for making an aqueous hydrocarbon fuel

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Continuous process for making an aqueous hydrocarbon fuel

A concentrated emulsion for making an aqueous hydrocarbon fuel