Lithospheric architecture of a Phanerozoic orogen from magnetotellurics: AusLAMP in the Tasmanides, southeast Australia

SUMMARY The footprint of a mineral system is potentially detectable at a range of scales and lithospheric depths, reflecting the size and distribution of its components. Magnetotellurics is one of a few techniques that can provide multiscale data sets to image and understand mineral systems. We have used long-period data from the Australian Lithospheric Architecture Magnetotelluric Project (AusLAMP) as a first-order reconnaissance survey to resolve large-scale lithospheric architecture for mapping areas of mineral potential in northern Australia. The 3-D resistivity model reveals a broad conductivity anomaly extending from the Tennant Creek district to the Murphy Province in the lower crust and upper mantle, representing a potential fertile source region for mineral systems. Results from a higher-resolution infill magnetotelluric survey reveal two prominent conductors in an otherwise resistive host whose combined responses result in the lithospheric-scale conductivity anomaly mapped in the AusLAMP model. Integration of the conductivity structure with deep seismic reflection data reveals a favourable crustal architecture linking the lower, fertile source regions with potential depositional sites in the upper crust. The enhanced conductivity likely resulted from the remnant (metallic) material deposited when fluids were present during the ‘ancient’ tectonic events. This observation strongly suggests that the deep-penetrating major faults potentially acted as pathways for transporting metalliferous fluids to the upper crust where they could form mineral deposits. This result and its integration with other geophysical and geochronological data sets suggest high prospectivity for major mineral deposits in the vicinity of these major faults, that is, Gulunguru Fault and Lamb Fault. In addition to these insights, interpretation of high-frequency magnetotelluric data acquired during the infill survey helps to characterize cover and assist with selecting targets for stratigraphic drilling which, in turn, can validate the models and improve our understanding of basement geology, cover sequences and mineral potential. This study demonstrates that integration of geophysical data from multiscale surveys is an effective approach to scale reduction during mineral exploration in covered terranes with limited geological knowledge.

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Application of multiscale magnetotelluric data to mineral exploration: an example from the east Tennant region, Northern Australia

Towards an understanding of mineral systems - Contributions from magnetotelluric data from the Fennoscandian Shield in northern Sweden

Crustal magnetotelluric imaging of a Paleoproterozoic graphitic suture zone, Curnamona Province, Australia

In the Qihe area, the magnetic anomalies caused by deep and concealed magnetite are weak and compared with ground surveys, airborne surveys further weaken the signals. Moreover, the magnetite in the Qihe area belongs to a contact-metasomatic deposit, and the magnetic anomalies caused by the magnetite and its mother rock overlap and interweave. Therefore, it is difficult to directly delineate the target areas of magnetite according to the measured aeromagnetic maps in Qihe or similar areas, let alone estimate prospective magnetite resources. This study tried to extract magnetite-caused anomalies from aeromagnetic data by using high-pass filtering. Then, a preliminary estimation of magnetite prospective resources was realized by the 3D inversion of the extracted anomalies. In order to improve the resolution and accuracy of the inversion results, a combined model-weighting function was proposed for the inversion. Meanwhile, the upper and lower bounds and positive and negative constraints were imposed on the model parameters to further improve the rationality of the inversion results. A theoretical model with deep and concealed magnetite was established. It demonstrated the feasibility of magnetite-caused anomaly extraction and magnetite prospective resource estimation. Finally, the magnetite-caused anomalies were extracted from the measured aeromagnetic data and were consistent with known drilling information. The distribution of underground magnetic bodies was obtained by the 3D inversion of extracted anomalies, and the existing drilling data were used to delineate the volume of magnetite. In this way, the prospective resources of magnetite in Qihe area were estimated.

The Estimation of Magnetite Prospective Resources Based on Aeromagnetic Data: A Case Study of Qihe Area, Shandong Province, China

Mapping Deep Electrical Conductivity Structure in the Mount Isa region, Northern Australia: Implications for Mineral Prospectivity

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Mapping Deep Electrical Conductivity Structure in the Mount Isa region, Northern Australia: Implications for Mineral Prospectivity