This paper presents related literature review on drones or unmanned aerial vehicles that are controlled in real-time. Systems in real-time control create more deterministic response such that tasks are guaranteed to be completed within a specified time. This system characteristic is very much desirable for drones that are now required to perform more sophisticated tasks. The reviewed materials presented were chosen to highlight drones that are controlled in real time, and to include technologies used in different applications of drones. Progress has been made in the development of highly maneuverable drones for applications such as monitoring, aerial mapping, military combat, agriculture, etc. The control of such highly maneuverable vehicles presents challenges such as real-time response, workload management, and complex control. This paper endeavours to discuss real-time aspects of drones control as well as possible implementation of real-time flight control system to enhance drones performance.

/pdf/a-review-on-drones-controlled-in-real-time-10fhf0xm7d.pdf

A review on drones controlled in real-time

Multicore processors are gaining popularity in various domains because of their potential for maximizing system throughput of average-case tasks. In real-time systems, where processes and tasks are governed by stringent temporal constraints, the worst-case timings should be considered, and migration to multicore processors leads to additional difficulties. Resource sharing between the cores introduces timing overheads, which affect the worst-case timings and schedulability of the entire system. In this article, we provide new insights into the performance of the real-time extensions of Linux, namely, Xenomai and RT-Preempt, for a homogeneous multicore processor. First, complete details on leveraging both real-time extensions are presented. We identify various multicore deployments and discuss their trade-offs, as established through the experimental evaluation of the scheduling latency. Then, we propose a statistical method based on a variation of chi-square test to determine the best multicore deployment. The unexpected effects of interfering loads, such as CPU, memory, and network operations, on the real-time performance, are considered. Feasibility of the best multicore deployment is verified through the analysis of its periodicity and deterministic response times in a pre-emptive multitasking environment. This research is the first of its kind and will serve as a useful guideline for developing real-time applications on multicore processors.

New Insights Into the Real-Time Performance of a Multicore Processor

Network selection in the Internet of Vehicles has become a popular topic of research. Unlike existing algorithms for heterogeneous network environments that rarely consider user satisfaction, in this paper, we propose a network selection strategy that takes into account both user satisfaction and transmission efficiency. We employ the effective capacity concept, which describes the maximum throughput a system can achieve under a speciﬁc statistical Quality-of-Service (QoS) delay violation probability constraint. This strategy first analyzes the influence of different utility function weight coefficients, transmission power, and time delay on each network utility satisfaction function. It is evident that the weight coefficient is proportional to the value of the utility function. Within a constrained transmission power range, the rate of increase of the function gradually slows down until it approaches a fixed value. When the delay factor value is larger, the function value is smaller, which indicates that the pursuit of lower delay will sacrifice other network performance aspects. In order to determine the maximum value of each network utility satisfaction function, a convex optimization theory is introduced for the joint optimization of user satisfaction and transmission efficiency. Finally, simulation experiments carried out under three representative network environments show that the proposed strategy is efficient and reliable.

/pdf/a-network-selection-strategy-based-on-joint-optimization-of-1ypki63wv7.pdf

A Network Selection Strategy Based on Joint Optimization of User Satisfaction and Transmission Efficiency in Internet of Vehicle

Heuristics Process scheduling is one of the key components of any operating system design. It defines the way the CPU resources are shared among processes in the system. In this paper, we present the performance comparison of five different process scheduling algorithms: FIFO, Round Robin, Shortest Remaining Time, Shortest Processing Time, and Highest Response Ratio Next. We evaluated these algorithms based on the simulations and calculated their effect on three key metrics: turnaround time, waiting time, and CPU utilization. The results showed that each of them has its pros and cons, thus making the optimal choice of scheduling algorithm impossible. This paper can be used by operating system designers or professionals in selecting an appropriate scheduling algorithm for a certain system and learning objectives. 

Scheduling Algorithms Comparisons and Analysis using Simulation Results

Over the last decades, the advancements in networking technology and new multimedia devices have motivated the research on efficient video streaming mechanisms under wireless. We consider combing soft real-time video streaming scheduling with threshold to minimize the ineffective preemption. Based on the value density and urgency of soft real-time task, the dynamic scheduling with preemption threshold strategy (DSPT) is proposed in the paper. By analyzing the response time and preemption relationship of tasks, the preemption thresholds are assigned. Simulation results show that the DSPT strategy achieves improvements about success rate, delay time, and benefit of the system.

/pdf/dynamic-soft-real-time-scheduling-with-preemption-threshold-51qeuuudis.pdf

Dynamic Soft Real-Time Scheduling with Preemption Threshold for Streaming Media

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Dynamic Soft Real-Time Scheduling with Preemption Threshold for Streaming Media