Response of soil physicochemical properties, soil nutrients, enzyme activity and rice yield to rice straw returning in highly saline-alkali paddy soils

Maize straw application as an interlayer improves organic carbon and total nitrogen concentrations in the soil profile: A four-year experiment in a saline soil

Organic amendment–mediated reclamation and build-up of soil microbial diversity in salt-affected soils: fostering soil biota for shaping rhizosphere to enhance soil health and crop productivity

Pruning and fertilization practices plays an important role in coffee plantation, used to maintain soil quality and coffee productivity. However, the impact of pruning and fertilization practices on soil microbial activity under coffee-based agroforestry are poorly understood. The aimed of this study was to analyze the response of soil microbial properties (i.e., soil microbial biomass C (SMBC) and soil respiration rates (SR)) to pruning and fertil - ization management in coffee-based agroforestry in UB (Universitas Brawijaya) Forest. A split-plot design with eight treatments and three replications were used in this experiment. The main-plot factor consisted of two types of pruning (Pruning and Bending), and the sub-plot factor consisted of four types of fertilization (i.e., no fertilizer (NF), 100% chicken manure (MN), 50% chicken manure + 50% NPK-inorganic (MN+NPK), and 100% NPK-inorganic (NPK)). The result showed that there was a significantly different (p<0.05) in the soil microbial biomass C and soil respiration after the application of fertilizer. The addition of chicken manure (MN and MN+NPK treat - ment) could enhance the soil microbial biomass and soil respiration, compared to the NF treatment under different pruning practices. The level of soil pH in MN were highest and significantly different with NPK treatment, showed that the application of chicken manure had a potential to neutralize the soil acidity. Metabolic quotient (qCO 2 ) showed highest in the NF treatment as compared to the other treatments. The soil respiration had positive correla - tion (p<0.05) with SMBC, while SMBC had negative correlation (p<0.01) with qCO 2 .

/pdf/microbial-biomass-and-soil-respiration-response-to-pruning-c1uv13rx.pdf

Microbial Biomass and Soil Respiration Response to Pruning and Fertilization Practices in Coffee-Pine Agroforestry

Divergent responses of particulate and mineral-associated organic carbon with soil depth under straw interlayer in saline-alkali soil

Straw returning effectively promotes the soil organic carbon (SOC) pool, but the straw‐induced change in SOC quality (C fraction) remains unclear, particularly in saline soil. Here, we investigated how straw returning and soil salinity (low, medium, and high) affect SOC fractions, including easily oxidized and particulate organic C (EOC and POC) and mineral‐associated organic C (MOC) at aggregate scales, including macroaggregates (MA), microaggregates (MI), and silt + clay particles. The results revealed that SOC fraction contents in the whole soil decreased with increasing soil salinity, and straw returning increased the total organic C (TOC) in both low‐ and medium‐salinity soils. In low‐salinity soil, straw returning induced decreases of 12.1% and 30.6% in MI‐associated EOC and POC, respectively, and promoted significant increases of MI‐associated MOC, indicating that 'hierarchical aggregation' theory (i.e., single soil particles gradually form clusters, MI and MA) dominated during soil aggregate formation. In medium‐salinity soil, straw application increased all SOC fraction contents in MA, and raised the POC/TOC of the whole soil by 56.6%, suggesting that the 'macroaggregate turnover' theory (MI is formed within MA) played a more important role in forming aggregates. Our results demonstrated that low‐ and medium‐salinity soils had different C‐increasing strategies under straw returning: MA contributed more to the increased SOC than MI in low‐salinity soil, whereas the reverse was true in medium‐salinity soil. These findings suggest that higher soil salinity would weaken the C sequestration potential of straw returning, and that targeted measures should be applied to enhance reclamation efficiency.

Distinct stabilization characteristics of organic carbon in coastal salt‐affected soils with different salinity under straw return management

Soil phosphorus availability and stoichiometry determine microbial activity and functional diversity of fluvo-aquic soils under long-term fertilization regimes

Straw return has been widely recognized as an important carbon (C) enhancement measure in agroecosystems, but the C-phosphorus (P) interactions and their effects on plants in saline soils are still unclear.In this study, we investigated the effects of straw return and three P application levels, no P fertilizer (Non-P), a conventional application rate of P fertilizer (CP), and a high application rate of P fertilizer (HP), on maize growth and soil C and P fractions through a pot experiment.The results revealed that the dry matter weight of maize plant was no difference between the two straw return levels and was 15.36% higher under HP treatments than under Non-P treatments. Plant nutrient accumulations were enhanced by straw addition and increased with increasing P application rate. Straw application reduced the activities of peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in maize plants by 31.69%, 38.99%, 45.96% and 27.04%, respectively. P application decreased SOD, POD activities and MDA content in the absence of straw. The contents of easily oxidized organic carbon (EOC), particulate organic carbon (POC) and the ratio of POC/SOC in straw-added soils were 10.23%, 17.00% and 7.27% higher, respectively, than those in straw-absent soils. Compared with Non-P treatments, HP treatments led to an increase of 12.05%, 23.04% in EOC, POC contents respectively, while a decrease of 18.12% in the contribution of MAOC to the SOC pool. Straw return improved the P status of the saline soil by increasing soil available P (14.80%), organic P (35.91%) and Ca2-P contents (4.68%). The structural equation model showed that straw and P applications could promote maize growth (indicated by dry matter weight, P accumulation, antioxidant enzyme activity and MDA content) through improving soil C and P availabilities.This study provides evidence that straw return together with adequate P supply in saline soil can promote crop nutrient accumulation, attenuate the oxidation damage on crop growth, and be beneficial for SOC turnover and soil P activation.

Straw and phosphorus applications promote maize (Zea mays L.) growth in saline soil through changing soil carbon and phosphorus fractions

Phosphorus addition increases soil organic matter priming in a coastal saline soil

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Distinct stabilization characteristics of organic carbon in coastal salt‐affected soils with different salinity under straw return management

Soil phosphorus availability and stoichiometry determine microbial activity and functional diversity of fluvo-aquic soils under long-term fertilization regimes

Straw and phosphorus applications promote maize (Zea mays L.) growth in saline soil through changing soil carbon and phosphorus fractions

Phosphorus addition increases soil organic matter priming in a coastal saline soil