Next-Generation Insect-Resistant Plants: RNAi-Mediated Crop Protection

SIDT2 Transports Extracellular dsRNA into the Cytoplasm for Innate Immune Recognition

Wheat and barley are the most highly produced and consumed grains in the world. Various pathogens—viruses, bacteria, fungi, insect pests, and nematode parasites—are major threats to yield and economic losses. Strategies for the management of disease control mainly depend on resistance or tolerance breeding, chemical control, and biological control. The discoveries of RNA silencing mechanisms provide a transgenic approach for disease management. Host-induced gene silencing (HIGS) employing RNA silencing mechanisms and, specifically, silencing the targets of invading pathogens, has been successfully applied in crop disease prevention. Here, we cover recent studies that indicate that HIGS is a valuable tool to protect wheat and barley from diseases in an environmentally friendly way.

Host-Induced Gene Silencing: A Powerful Strategy to Control Diseases of Wheat and Barley.

Despite the recent advances in food preservation techniques and food safety, significant disease outbreaks linked to foodborne pathogens such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses still occur worldwide indicating that these pathogens still constitute significant risks to public health. Although extensive reviews of methods for foodborne pathogens detection exist, most are skewed towards bacteria despite the increasing relevance of other pathogens such as viruses. Therefore, this review of foodborne pathogen detection methods is holistic, focusing on pathogenic bacteria, fungi, and viruses. This review has shown that culture-based methods allied with new approaches are beneficial for the detection of foodborne pathogens. The current application of immunoassay methods, especially for bacterial and fungal toxins detection in foods, are reviewed. The use and benefits of nucleic acid-based PCR methods and next-generation sequencing-based methods for bacterial, fungal, and viral pathogens’ detection and their toxins in foods are also reviewed. This review has, therefore, shown that different modern methods exist for the detection of current and emerging foodborne bacterial, fungal, and viral pathogens. It provides further evidence that the full utilization of these tools can lead to early detection and control of foodborne diseases, enhancing public health and reducing the frequency of disease outbreaks.

/pdf/a-review-of-modern-methods-for-the-detection-of-foodborne-1lmni0dc.pdf

A Review of Modern Methods for the Detection of Foodborne Pathogens

https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1764&context=entomologyfacpub

The mysteries of insect RNAi: A focus on dsRNA uptake and transport.

Foodborne pathogens contamination is one of the main sources of food safety problems. Although the existing detection methods have been developed for a long time, the complexity of food samples is still the main factor affecting the detection time and sensitivity, and the rapid separation and enrichment of pathogens is still an objective to be studied. Magnetic separation strategy based on magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) is considered to be an effective tool for rapid separation and enrichment of foodborne pathogens in food. Therefore, this study comprehensively reviews the development of MNPs in the separation of foodborne pathogens over the past decade. First, various biorecognition reagents for identification of foodborne pathogens and their modifications on the surface of MNPs are introduced. Then, the factors affecting the separation of foodborne pathogens, including the size of MNPs, modification methods, separation strategies and separation forms are discussed. Finally, the application of MNPs in integrated detection methods is reviewed. Moreover, current challenges and prospects of MNPs for the analysis of foodborne pathogens are discussed. Further research should focus on the design of multifunctional MNPs, the processing of large-scale samples, the simultaneous analysis of multiple targets, and the development of all-in-one small analytical device with separation and detection.

Advances in magnetic nanoparticles for the separation of foodborne pathogens: Recognition, separation strategy, and application.

Magnetic nanoparticles for food hazard factors sensing: synthesis, modification and application

Foodborne pathogens are found mainly in various foods and have become a great threat to human. Although traditional methods can achieve effective analytical, they are time-consuming, labor-consuming, and unsuitable for sensitive detection. In order to overcome these limitations, it is an urgent to develop a simple, rapid, efficient and low-cost detection method for foodborne pathogens. Aptamer, as a new type of biometric element, has excellent stability, easier modification and lower cost than traditional antibody. Therefore, sensors based on aptamers as recognition molecules are collectively called aptasensors. In this review, first the specific aptamer sequences of main foodborne pathogens reported in recent five years, mainly screening strategy and different affinity measurement are summarized. Then, the recent progress of aptasensors used for foodborne pathogens are comprehensively summarized, and their advantages and limitations in practical applications are critically discussed. Finally, the current challenges and future prospects of aptasensors in foodborne pathogens are reviewed. 

Recent advances and trends in aptasensors for sensitive detection of foodborne pathogens in various foods

Metal–organic framework detectives meet infectious pathogens: A powerful tool against pandemics

MXene@Au based electrochemical biosensor with pretreatment by magnetic nanoparticles for determination of MRSA from clinical samples.

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