Molecular dynamics study on the adsorption synergy of MWCNTs/MoS2 nanofluids and its influence of internal-cooling grinding surface integrity

The development of low-cost and high-performance photocatalysts is of great significance in achieving clean energy and carbon neutrality. In this paper, a unique 2D/2D CoSe2@ZnIn2S4 (CoSe2@ZIS) Schottky junction photocatalyst was successfully synthesized by a feasible hydrothermal method. Such a unique face-to-face structure can provide a large number of electron transfer channels with short charge transfer distances and abundant active sites. The formation of a Schottky junction in the interface further realizes the spatial separation of electrons and holes, effectively avoiding the recombination of the charge carriers at defect sites. As a result, the hydrogen evolution rate of the optimal CoSe2@ZIS sample reaches 46.6 mmol•h−1•g−1 using TEOA as a sacrifice agent, which is more than 6 times that of the ZIS. When the biomass-derived compound furfuryl alcohol (FFA) was added into this system, the photocatalytic H2 production performance could be further promoted, simultaneously obtaining value-added furfural (FF) products. This work shows that the ZnIn2S4-based Schottky heterojunction is a promising bifunctional photocatalytic for water splitting and biomass conversion applications. 

Designed CoSe2@ZnIn2S4 large area 2D/2D Schottky junction for efficient photo-utilization hydrogen evolution and biomass oxidation

Marine biofouling is a major international challenge, which causes significant problems for global ecologies and economies. It manifests as the extensive and costly colonization of submerged surfaces with marine organisms, and it additionally results in the transportation of invasive, destructive, species around the globe. Effective, passive, antifouling treatments have been elusive - so far, only toxic treatments have been effective. To-date, long-term effective anti-fouling coatings are non-passive. These systems rely primarily on exfoliating surface layers (self-polishing) which continually release harmful metallic ions, along with associated booster biocides, into the local environment. Unfortunately, although these coatings can significantly reduce attached organisms on exposed surfaces, the resultant toxication of local marine environments and indiscriminate targeting of all proximate marine fauna, by these harmful systems, has depleted critical marine-based human food sources. The development of passive technologies is now beyond critical. Much of the ongoing research into the synthesis of alternative passive anti-fouling solutions has focused on naturally occurring, interfacial derivations. Evolutionary processes in nature have facilitated the development of broad-spectra, high-performance, and environmentally benign surfaces, and ongoing research is looking to adapt these novel structures. However, although this research has been extensive, an effective, long-term, passive technology continues to be elusive. This review provides insights into the anti-fouling processes, manufacturing techniques, and significant difficulties in the creation of the five nature-inspired anti-fouling systems. Several nature-inspired anti-fouling surface alterations are examined, along with evaluations of the drawbacks of each technique. The review concludes with insights into potential future lines of investigation for this globally critical field of study. 

Nature-inspired anti-fouling strategies for combating marine biofouling

Accelerating the oxidation process at photoanode-electrolyte interfaces can prolong the lifetime of photoexcited electrons and improve the efficiency of photoelectrochemical cathodic protection (PECCP) systems without relying on hole scavengers. However, the systematic design of precisely structured heterostructures for efficient photoanodes remains challenging. Here we meticulously engineered a type-II heterostructure featuring precise spatial organization, wherein NiFe-layered double hydroxide nanosheets (NiFe-LDH NSs) were assembled onto annealed TiO2 nanorod arrays (ATNAs), demonstrating their effectiveness in achieving efficient PECCP. The interfacial electronic coupling and appropriate energy alignment between the NiFe-LDH NSs and ATNAs allowed rapid hole extraction from the ATNAs to the NiFe-LDH NSs. Furthermore, the uniform distribution of the NiFe-LDH NSs on top of ATNAs drastically reduced the overpotential of oxygen evolution reactions (OER) from 370 to 200 mV and Tafel slope from 162 to 56 mV dec-1, leading to significantly improved cathodic protection of 304 stainless steel (SS) under extended illumination and interesting post-illumination protection. In addition, with the increase of testing cycles, the as-prepared NiFe-LDH NSs@ATNAs demonstrated a progressively enhanced cathodic protection potential from 0.15 to 0.13 V vs. RHE over 50 cycles. These findings provide important guidelines for the design of future high-efficiency green metal protection through rational photoanode design.

Heterostructured grafting of NiFe-layered double hydroxide@TiO2 for boosting photoelectrochemical cathodic protection.

We use numerical simulations to examine the combined effects of soluble surfactants and an electric field on the electrohydrodynamics of a viscous drop. From the simulation results we quantify the surfactant solubility effects in terms of the equilibrium drop shape, flow pattern, and stability. For a stable (blue circles in the figure) surfactant-laden drop under a DC electric field at equilibrium, the flow inside the drop can be clockwise (from pole to equator, `c'), counterclockwise (from equator to pole, `cc') or made of toroidal vortices ('s').

Effects of surfactant solubility on the hydrodynamics of a viscous drop in a dc electric field

We present our experimental results for the effect of bulk-soluble surfactants on the buoyancy-driven motion of an air bubble rising in square and rectangular channels filled with an immiscible liq...

Buoyancy-Driven Motion of Bubbles in the Presence of Soluble Surfactants in a Newtonian Fluid

In situ preparation of spindle calcium carbonate-chitosan/poly (vinyl alcohol) anti-biofouling hydrogels inspired by Shellfish

The self-assembly behaviors of ABn miktoarm star copolymers as one typical type of asymmetric architecture have been studied well in the past few decades due to their deflected phase boundaries. In particular, recently, they have attracted renewed theoretical interest due to their expanded spherical phase region that stabilizes complex Frank-Kasper spherical phases. However, previous theoretical studies have never considered ABn copolymers with unequal arm lengths, which is more or less the case for synthesized copolymers. In this work, we investigate the self-assembly behaviors of ABn miktoarm star copolymers with unequal B-arms using self-consistent field theory. We propose an intramolecular polydispersity index (iĐ) to quantify the distribution of unequal B-blocks. Accordingly, we further propose a simple quantity of an effective arm number nequ = n/iĐ for quantitatively comparing the phase boundaries between various ABn copolymer samples with different arm numbers or different distributions of B-blocks. Our results indicate that different ABn copolymers with equal nequ exhibit similar phase diagrams. On the other hand, we also found that the phase boundaries of two different samples with same nequ are not exactly overlapped. We speculate that the effect of spontaneous curvature may be mainly controlled by nequ, but the packing frustration of B-blocks may also be dependent on the other quantities that are closely related to the shape of the distribution of B-arms, such as higher order polydispersity indexes.

The impact of intramolecular polydispersity on the self-assembly of ABn miktoarm star copolymers.

Confinement assembly of a novel Nb2O5&ZnIn2S4 photoanode and its highly efficient and sensitive photoelectrochemical cathodic protection performance

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Buoyancy-Driven Motion of Bubbles in the Presence of Soluble Surfactants in a Newtonian Fluid

In situ preparation of spindle calcium carbonate-chitosan/poly (vinyl alcohol) anti-biofouling hydrogels inspired by Shellfish

The impact of intramolecular polydispersity on the self-assembly of ABn miktoarm star copolymers.

Confinement assembly of a novel Nb2O5&ZnIn2S4 photoanode and its highly efficient and sensitive photoelectrochemical cathodic protection performance