As the second natural rubber resource, Eucommia ulmoides rubber (EUR) from Eucommia ulmoides Oliver is mainly composed of trans-1,4-polyisoprene, which is the isomer of natural rubber cis-1,4-polyisoprene from Hevea brasiliensis. In the past few years, the great potential application of EUR has received increasing attention, and there is a growing awareness that the natural polymer EUR could become an emerging research topic in field of the novel materials due to its unique and excellent duality of both rubber and plastic. To gain insight into its further development, in this review, the extraction, structure, physicochemical properties, and modification of EUR are discussed in detail. More emphasis on the potential applications in the fields of the environment, agriculture, engineering, and biomedical engineering is summarized. Finally, some insights into the challenges and perspectives of EUR are also suggested.

Natural Polymer Eucommia Ulmoides Rubber: A Novel Material.

Peroxynitrite (ONOO-), owing to its high oxidative and nitrating stress, is associated with several physiological processes in addition to various pathological processes, including those related to neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Detection of ONOO- at the cellular level is of great significance to understand its pathogenesis. To this end, a variety of fluorescent probes based on small molecules and nanoparticles (NPs) have been engineered and applied as excellent tools for imaging of ONOO- in cells as well as in their diverse biological applications. In this review, we highlight representative cases of fluorescent probes based on recognition mechanism and emphasize their response type (ratiometric, two-photon, long-wavelength/near-infrared, and targeting) in ONOO- detection in the last five years. We further discuss their design strategy, sensing mechanism, and application in bio-imaging and describe NP-based probes according to diverse nanoplatforms.

Recent advances in fluorescent probes of peroxynitrite: Structural, strategies and biological applications

Irregularities in mitochondrial viscosity and peroxynitrite (ONOO-) concentration can lead to mitochondrial dysfunction. It is still a great challenge to develop near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probes to simultaneously detect viscosity, endogenous ONOO-, and mitophagy. Herein, a multifunctional mitochondria-targeting NIR fluorescent probe P-1 was first synthesized for simultaneously detecting viscosity, ONOO-, and mitophagy. P-1 used quinoline cations as a mitochondrial targeting moiety, arylboronate as an ONOO- responsive group, and detected the change of viscosity by the twisted internal charge transfer (TICT) mechanism. The probe has an excellent response to the viscosity during inflammation by lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) and mitophagy induced by starvation at 670 nm. The viscosity changes of the probe induced by nystatin in zebrafish showed that P-1 was able to detect microviscosity in vivo. P-1 also showed good sensitivity with a detection limit of 6.2 nM for ONOO- detection and was successfully applied to the endogenous ONOO- detection in zebrafish. Moreover, P-1 has the ability to distinguish between cancer cells and normal cells. All of these features make P-1 a promising candidate to detect mitophagy and ONOO- -associated physiological and pathological processes.

Multifunctional Mitochondria-Targeting Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe for Viscosity, ONOO-, Mitophagy, and Bioimaging.

Hypoxia stress causes cell damage and apoptosis by producing excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), which is a universal concern in biology and medicine. Peroxynitrite (ONOO-) plays a vital part in the oxidative injury of tissue proteins in the pathogenic mechanism of many disorders, which is a one of ROS. Thus, excessive production of ONOO- may be one of the crucial factors leading to hypoxia stress injury. However, due to the unstable chemical property and strong reactivity of ONOO-, most of the existing detection ways cannot image and detect its level in real time. Herein, in order to selectively imaging and detecting ONOO- in living cells and in vivo, we synthesized a fluorescent probe Cy-CF3 (our fluorescent probe for detection of ONOO-). Cy-CF3 was capable of monitoring ONOO- with excellent sensitivity and selectivity. Using Cy-CF3, the relationship between hypoxia stress and ONOO- was evaluated. The probe was also employed to sense the change of ONOO- in zebrafish under hypoxia conditions as well as determine ONOO- in living mice with acute liver ischemia. Taken together, the proposed probe maybe a powerful chemical tool for the study of ONOO- in biological mechanisms. 

Molecular fluorescent probes for imaging and evaluation of peroxynitrite fluctuations in living cells and in vivo under hypoxic stress

Chemical profiling, quantitation, and bioactivities of Du-Zhong tea.

Molecular engineering for construction of a novel ONOO-- activated multicolor fluorescent nanoprobe for early diagnosis and assessing treatment of arthritis in vivo.

Dynamic changes of photosynthetic properties and chemical compositions of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver under two planting models

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

Wei-Zhou Xu

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Molecular engineering for construction of a novel ONOO-- activated multicolor fluorescent nanoprobe for early diagnosis and assessing treatment of arthritis in vivo.

Dynamic changes of photosynthetic properties and chemical compositions of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver under two planting models