Previous successful tests and promising results of a Centrifugal Particle Receiver (CentRec) for high temperature solar applications has been achieved in a lab scale prototype with 7.5 kWth [1, 2, 3]. In a next step this receiver technology is scaled up to higher thermal power for a future pilot plant.
This paper presents the optimization methodology of the design and technical solutions. It describes the manufacturing and assembly of the prototype and first tests and results of the commissioning including cold particle tests and prototype costs. Finally the paper gives an outlook on the planned further steps regarding hot lab tests and solar tests.

/pdf/upscaling-manufacturing-and-test-of-a-centrifugal-particle-52othak4yx.pdf

Upscaling, Manufacturing and Test of a Centrifugal Particle Receiver

One direct absorption receiver concept currently investigated at the DLR is the Centrifugal Particle Receiver (CentRec®). Successful tests and promising results of this receiver design have been achieved in a Proof-of-Concept scale with 7.5 kW thermal power and 900°C particle temperature in 2014. Based on these results the prototype has been scaled up to 2.5 MW thermal power for a future pilot plant. Lab tests have been carried out with infrared heaters. In a next step the prototype has been prepared to be tested on-sun in a test setup in the Juelich Solar Tower, Germany. The tests aim to demonstrate high temperature operation and to evaluate the performance of the system. The test setup consists of a centrifugal receiver integrated into the tower and a closed loop particle transport system. The transport system includes an air cooling system to cool down the particles at the receiver outlet, cold particle storage, belt bucket elevator, hopper and particle metering system. While the 2.5 MWth receiver prototype has been developed in a former project, the further infrastructure for the on-sun tests needed to be designed, manufactured and installed. The system is equipped with measurement instrumentation, data acquisition system and control software. Manufacturing of all main components has been completed. Installation of the test setup started in November 2016 and finished in June 2017. Cold and hot commissioning have been carried out from July 2017 until
September 2017. On-sun tests started in September 2017.
Receiver tests up to 775°C/1,430°F receiver outlet temperature
and more than 900°C/1,650°F particle temperature in the
receiver have already been achieved. Tests up to 900°C particle
outlet temperature are planned at different load levels and will
be conducted until summer 2018. This paper describes the test setup for a centrifugal particle receiver system, presenting design, installation and commissioning of the system. It presents test results of first onsun tests and gives an outlook on further steps regarding solar tests planned for 2018.

/pdf/first-on-sun-tests-of-a-centrifugal-particle-receiver-system-1v8ou2latz.pdf

First On-Sun Tests of a Centrifugal Particle Receiver System

Particle receivers achieve significantly higher temperatures than state of the art molten salt solar towers. The centrifugal particle receiver is a direct absorption receiver with a simple control of the residence time of the particles in the receiver. The paper describes the cold testing including mechanics of the particle film and first hot testing using a 100 kWel infrared heater.Particle receivers achieve significantly higher temperatures than state of the art molten salt solar towers. The centrifugal particle receiver is a direct absorption receiver with a simple control of the residence time of the particles in the receiver. The paper describes the cold testing including mechanics of the particle film and first hot testing using a 100 kWel infrared heater.

/pdf/first-tests-of-a-centrifugal-particle-receiver-with-a-1m2-2d7p1eau9h.pdf

First tests of a centrifugal particle receiver with a 1m2 aperture

Oxide particles as combined heat storage medium and sulphur trioxide decomposition catalysts for solar hydrogen production through sulphur cycles

Determining the heating characteristics of non-spherical particles in combusting flows

The novel concept of a particle receiver for high-temperature concentrating solar applications was developed and investigated in the present work. The so-called Centrifugal Particle Receiver (CentRec) uses small bauxite particles as absorber, heat transfer and storage media at the same time. Due to advantageous optical and thermal properties, the particles can be heated up to 1000°C without sintering in the storage. 

High thermal efficiencies at high outlet temperatures are expected indicating a promising way for cost reduction in solar power tower applications. A prototype in laboratory scale was designed, built and tested in order to demonstrate the feasibility and potential of the proposed concept. The expected simple control capability of the receiver could be verified and the target temperature of 900°C successfully demonstrated. A thermal efficiency of > 85% is calculated by a validated corresponding numerical model for a particle outlet temperature of 900°C and a design power of 1 MW/m2.

A Centrifugal Particle Receiver for High-Temperature Solar Applications

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A Centrifugal Particle Receiver for High-Temperature Solar Applications