Electrospinning for Tissue Engineering Applications

Recent advances in multiaxial electrospinning for drug delivery

Characterization of gelatin/zein nanofibers by hybrid electrospinning

Characterization of gelatin/zein films fabricated by electrospinning vs solvent casting

Scaffolding polymeric biomaterials: Are naturally occurring biological macromolecules more appropriate for tissue engineering?

Electrospun hybrid nanofibers prepared using combinations of natural and synthetic polymers have been widely investigated in cardiovascular tissue engineering. In this study, electrospun gelatin/polycaprolactone (PCL) and collagen/poly(l-lactic acid-co-e-caprolactone) (PLCL) scaffolds were successfully produced. Scanning electron micrographs showed that fibers of both membranes were smooth and homogeneous. Water contact angle measurements further demonstrated that both scaffolds were hydrophilic. To determine cell attachment and migration on the scaffolds, both hybrid scaffolds were seeded with human umbilical arterial smooth muscle cells. Scanning electron micrographs and MTT assays showed that the cells grew and proliferated well on both hybrid scaffolds. Gross observation of the transplanted scaffolds revealed that the engineered collagen/PLCL scaffolds were smoother and brighter than the gelatin/PCL scaffolds. Hematoxylin and eosin staining showed that the engineered blood vessels constructed by collagen/PLCL electrospun membranes formed relatively homogenous vessel-like tissues. Interestingly, Young’s modulus for the engineered collagen/PLCL scaffolds was greater than for the gelatin/PCL scaffolds. Together, these results indicate that nanofibrous collagen/PLCL membranes with favorable mechanical and biological properties may be a desirable scaffold for vascular tissue engineering.

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Electrospun gelatin/PCL and collagen/PLCL scaffolds for vascular tissue engineering

To evaluate the protective effect of continuous pulmonary perfusion with oxygenated blood during aortic crossclamping, 12 mixed-breed piglets (7–12 kg) were placed on cardiopulmonary bypass for 130 minutes. An experiment group of 6 (group E) had continuous pulmonary perfusion with oxygenated blood during cardiopulmonary bypass, while the other 6 served as controls (group C). Pulmonary function was measured at the beginning and end of cardiopulmonary bypass and one hour later. Histology was compared before and after cardiopulmonary bypass. Pulmonary function after cardiopulmonary bypass was significantly better in group E than group C. There was preservation of the normal pulmonary parenchyma in group E, whereas group C had marked intra-alveolar edema and abundant intra-alveolar neutrophils. Anoxia of lung tissue during aortic crossclamping on cardiopulmonary bypass is probably the major factor in lung injury. Continuous pulmonary perfusion was effective in preventing lung injury during aortic crossclamping.

Lung perfusion with oxygenated blood during aortic clamping prevents lung injury.

The utility model relates to a separable axial-flow pump suitable for external circulation in baby surgery, which comprises a driving apparatus and a pump body, wherein, the pump body has an inlet end, an outlet end, an inner magnet and a leaf wheel. The inlet end, the outlet end and the leaf wheel of the pump body are arranged in the same central axial line. The pump body can be separately arranged on the central axis of the driving apparatus. The leaf wheel is fixed inside the inner magnet. The driving apparatus is provided with a transmission apparatus which is provided with an outer magnet is arranged in the transmission apparatus to couple with the inner magnet and drive the leaf wheel to rotate. The utility model adopts the separable structure, therefore, the pump body can meet the demand of disposable utilization and the electric motor can be repeatedly used to reduce the cost of clinical utilization.

Separable axial-flow pump

The utility model provides a novel centrifugal blood pump which is provided with a pump body and a driving device. The pump body comprises a top cover, a base, an impeller and external magnetic steel. At least three layers of bosses are arranged on the base, a groove is arranged on the boss on the top end and a ball is arranged in the groove. An insertion hole is arranged at the center of the bottom of the base. Vanes and a ring-shaped joint are arranged on the impeller. Connection rods are arranged in the inner ring of the ring-shaped joint and concentrate at the center. A central groove is arranged on the bottom and forms a single-fulcrum bearing by being matched with the ball in the groove of the boss. The external magnetic steel is arranged in the vanes. The driving device comprises a transmission shaft and a driving motor provided with a motor rotor, wherein the transmission shaft is sleeved on the motor rotor and inserted into the insertion hole. Internal magnetic steel is arranged in the transmission shaft. The novel centrifugal blood pump has the advantages of being small in pre-filling amount, simple and stable in structure, convenient to install, low in cost and capable of effectively reducing occurrence rate of thrombus and hemolysis.

Novel centrifugal blood pump

A major challenge facing the development of tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs), promising living replacements for diseased vascular structures, is enhancing angiogenesis. To promote rapid vascularization, endothelial cells (ECs) were co-cultured with smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in decellularized small intestinal submucosa scaffolds to regenerate angiogenic-TEVGs (A-TEVGs). Observation of the A-TEVGs at 1 month post-implantation revealed that a rich network of neocapillaries lining the blood vessel wall had developed; that the ECs of the neovasculatures had been derived from previously seeded ECs and later invading ECs of the host's vascular bed; that tissue vascularization had not significantly impaired mechanical properties; and that the maximal tensile strength of the A-TEVGs was of the same order of magnitude as that of native porcine femoral arteries. These results indicate that of the co-culturing of ECs with SMCs could enhance vascularization of TEVGs in vivo, possibly increasing graft perfusion and host integration.

Rapid vascularization of tissue-engineered vascular grafts in vivo by endothelial cells in co-culture with smooth muscle cells

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