The Chinese Hα Solar Explorer (CHASE), dubbed “Xihe”—Goddess of the Sun, was launched on October 14, 2021 as the first solar space mission of China National Space Administration (CNSA). The CHASE mission is designed to test a newly developed satellite platform and to acquire the spectroscopic observations in the Hα waveband. The Hα Imaging Spectrograph (HIS) is the scientific payload of the CHASE satellite. It consists of two observational modes: raster scanning mode and continuum imaging mode. The raster scanning mode obtains full-Sun or region-of-interest spectral images from 6559.7 to 6565.9 Å; and from 6567.8 to 6570.6 Å with 0.024 Å pixel spectral resolution and 1 min temporal resolution. The continuum imaging mode obtains photospheric images in continuum around 6689 Å with the full width at half maximum of 13.4 Å. The CHASE mission will advance our understanding of the dynamics of solar activity in the photosphere and chromosphere. In this paper, we present an overview of the CHASE mission including the scientific objectives, HIS instrument overview, data calibration flow, and first results of on-orbit observations. 

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11433-022-1893-3.pdf

The Chinese Hα Solar Explorer (CHASE) mission: An overview

The Solar Upper Transition Region Imager (SUTRI) onboard the Space Advanced Technology demonstration satellite (SATech-01), which was launched to a Sun-synchronous orbit at a height of ∼500 km in 2022 July, aims to test the on-orbit performance of our newly developed Sc/Si multi-layer reflecting mirror and the 2k×2k EUV CMOS imaging camera and to take full-disk solar images at the Ne vii 46.5 nm spectral line with a filter width of ∼3 nm. SUTRI employs a Ritchey–Chrétien optical system with an aperture of 18 cm. The on-orbit observations show that SUTRI images have a field of view of ∼ 41.′6 × 41.′6 and a moderate spatial resolution of ∼8″ without an image stabilization system. The normal cadence of SUTRI images is 30 s and the solar observation time is about 16 hr each day because the earth eclipse time accounts for about 1/3 of SATech-01's orbit period. Approximately 15 GB data is acquired each day and made available online after processing. SUTRI images are valuable as the Ne vii 46.5 nm line is formed at a temperature regime of ∼0.5 MK in the solar atmosphere, which has rarely been sampled by existing solar imagers. SUTRI observations will establish connections between structures in the lower solar atmosphere and corona, and advance our understanding of various types of solar activity such as flares, filament eruptions, coronal jets and coronal mass ejections.

/pdf/the-solar-upper-transition-region-imager-sutri-onboard-the-443yjqt9.pdf

The Solar Upper Transition Region Imager (SUTRI) Onboard the SATech-01 Satellite

Spacecraft are subjected to a harsh and complex dynamic environment during launch and on-orbit operation, necessitating the use of vibration isolation techniques to protect the onboard components and the payload from harmful vibration. Moreover, the stringent requirements for modern spacecraft’s payload stability and pointing accuracy have fueled research for higher-performance vibration isolation. Consequently, a number of vibration isolation systems based on active, passive, semi-active, and hybrid isolation methods have been proposed. This study employed a systematic literature review methodology to examine the most recent methods for vibration isolation in spacecraft, taking into account both whole-spacecraft vibration isolation (WSVI) and microvibration isolation (MVI) and primarily referencing works published in the literature between 2012 and 2022. The review highlighted current research trends in vibration isolation methods and implementation strategies reported in the literature, as well as the status of research on WSVI and MVI. The findings suggest that more research was conducted in the domain of MVI compared to WSVI, with passive techniques accounting for about 42% of the articles reviewed. This could be attributed to the advances made in smart materials, metamaterials, and the quasi-zero-stiffness concept to address the shortcomings of traditional passive isolators. To this end, remarks on the limitations of the current studies and future prospects were highlighted. 

Vibration isolation methods in spacecraft: A review of current techniques

The CHASE satellite is designed based on the novel ultra-high pointing accuracy and stability levitated-body satellite platform, which breaks the traditional idea of rigidly connecting the satellite platform and payload. When operating in orbit, the platform and payload are non-connected and spatially levitated. By separately arranging the “noisy” and “quiet” devices, the complicated influence of platform vibration on the payload pointing direction is effectively avoided. Using the novel master-slave collaborative control method, the pointing accuracy and stability of the payload are improved considerably. In this paper, the basic principles, overall scheme, control method, and engineering implementation of a levitated-body satellite platform are discussed. Combined with the CHASE mission in-orbit data, the actual attitude pointing precision and stability of a levitated-body satellite platform are analyzed and evaluated. 

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11433-022-1924-3.pdf

Levitated-body ultra-high pointing accuracy and stability satellite platform of the CHASE mission

Solar filaments often exhibit rotation and deflection during eruptions, which would significantly affect the geoeffectiveness of the corresponding coronal mass ejections (CMEs). Therefore, understanding the mechanisms that lead to such rotation and lateral displacement of filaments is a great concern to space weather forecasting. In this paper, we examine an intriguing filament eruption event observed by the Chinese Hα Solar Explorer and the Solar Dynamics Observatory. The filament, which eventually evolves into a CME, exhibits significant lateral drifting during its rising. Moreover, the orientation of the CME flux rope axis deviates from that of the pre-eruptive filament observed in the source region. To investigate the physical processes behind these observations, we perform a data-constrained magnetohydrodynamic simulation. Many prominent observational features in the eruption are reproduced by our numerical model, including the morphology of the eruptive filament, eruption path, and flare ribbons. The simulation results reveal that the magnetic reconnection between the flux rope leg and neighboring low-lying sheared arcades may be the primary mechanism responsible for the lateral drifting of the filament material. Such a reconnection geometry leads to flux rope footpoint migration and a reconfiguration of its morphology. As a consequence, the filament material hosted in the flux rope drifts laterally, and the CME flux rope deviates from the pre-eruptive filament. This finding underscores the importance of external magnetic reconnection in influencing the orientation of a flux rope axis during eruption.

pdf/understanding-the-lateral-drifting-of-an-erupting-filament-3it0w8pq3f.pdf

Understanding the Lateral Drifting of an Erupting Filament with a Data-constrained Magnetohydrodynamic Simulation

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The Chinese Hα Solar Explorer (CHASE) mission: An overview

Levitated-body ultra-high pointing accuracy and stability satellite platform of the CHASE mission