Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are an emergent class of biocompatible inorganic lamellar nanomaterials that have attracted significant research interest owing to their high surface-to-volume ratio, the capability to accumulate specific molecules, and the timely release to targets. Their unique properties have been employed for applications in organic catalysis, photocatalysis, sensors, drug delivery, and cell biology. Given the widespread contemporary interest in these topics, time-to-time it urges to review the recent progresses. This review aims to summarize the most recent cutting-edge reports appearing in the last years. It firstly focuses on the application of LDHs as catalysts in relevant chemical reactions and as photocatalysts for organic molecule degradation, water splitting reaction, CO2 conversion, and reduction. Subsequently, the emerging role of these materials in biological applications is discussed, specifically focusing on their use as biosensors, DNA, RNA, and drug delivery, finally elucidating their suitability as contrast agents and for cellular differentiation. Concluding remarks and future prospects deal with future applications of LDHs, encouraging researches in better understanding the fundamental mechanisms involved in catalytic and photocatalytic processes, and the molecular pathways that are activated by the interaction of LDHs with cells in terms of both uptake mechanisms and nanotoxicology effects.

Layered Double Hydroxides: A Toolbox for Chemistry and Biology

Enzyme immobilization onto the nanomaterials: Application in enzyme stability and prodrug-activated cancer therapy

Manufacturing of multiscale structured surfaces

Metallised polypropylene film capacitors (MPPFCs) are widely used in power electronics and are generally degraded by elevated temperatures. This work aims to determine the relationships between the structural changes of MPPFC and the microstructural variations of the PP film during the thermal ageing of MPPFC at 100°C for 38 days. The capacitance of MPPFC has a slight decrease during thermal ageing. However, the breakdown voltage of the MPPFC decreases by 39.4% by the ageing. The partial discharge (PD) number of MPPFC increases linearly with ageing time. The tear-down analysis of the MPPFC reveals that the molecular structure of the PP film has not been altered but has led to molecular chain scission and the generation of some polar fragments/groups. Meanwhile, the relative permittivity of the PP films rises as the ageing time increases. Moreover, thermal ageing causes the conversion of aluminum to alumina in the metallised electrode, which is hydrophilic for polar groups and leads to an adhesion effect between the metallised electrodes and the PP film. Contact angle measurements prove that the surface hydrophilicity of the PP sample increased after thermal ageing. Therefore, the PD/breakdown voltage in the MPPFC increases/decreases due to the uneven adhesion of the metallised PP film. 

Revisiting the thermal ageing on the metallised polypropylene film capacitor: from device to dielectric film

A protective superhydrophobic Mg–Zn–Al LDH film on Surface-Alloyed Magnesium

On hydrophilicity improvement of the porous anodic alumina film by hybrid nano/micro structuring

The secure location of node is significant in the WSN (Wireless Sensor Networks) of the troop frontier defence system. The wormhole attack is a big threat in the secure location. The credibility of the beacon node was used to determine the malicious nodes produced by wormhole attack in the WSN. The estimated method of multibeacon nodes was adopted to improve DV-HOP algorithm after excluding the malicious nodes. In this paper, we compared the basic DV-HOP algorithm and the improved DV-HOP algorithm in the coverage percentage and the error of network localization by simulating. The simulation results indicate that the improved DV-HOP algorithm makes the localization coverage percentage can reach 90% on a certain scale of the network, and it makes the error percentage lower when the number of beacons is different.

https://www.itm-conferences.org/articles/itmconf/pdf/2016/02/itmconf_ita2016_03007.pdf

Research on Improved DV-HOP Algorithm against Wormhole Attacks in WSN

Growth AlxGa1−xN films on Si substrates by magnetron sputtering and high ammoniated two-step method

The invention provides a controllable preparation method for a large area porous micronano composite structure. According to the controllable preparation method, a micron structure is obtained through a photoetching method, and a nano structure is grown through an anodic oxidation method, so as to form the micronano composite structure. The controllable preparation method adopts photoetching, corrosion and anodic oxidation methods, so that preparation of the micron structure and preparation of the nano structure are controllable. The acquired micronano composite structure has high hydrophilicity, thereby being capable of lowering the resistance of a channel to a solution effectively when being used as an undersurface of a microchannel. The area of the whole micronano structure prepared by the method can be made in decimeter or ever larger according to requirements, so as to realize large area preparation. The preparation method is low in cost, and can prepare the shape-controlled micronano composite structure. Furthermore, the preparation method is compatible with a microelectronic technology, and is combined with the anodic oxidation technology, thereby being a new method for the micronano composite structure.

Controllable preparation method for large area porous micronano composite structure

Under various power ratios and temperatures, In x ga 1-x N films with different indium composition x were grown on Si(111) substrates by reactive magnetron sputtering, and then annealed at ammonia atmosphere around 700°C for 2 hours. The indium composition x can be adjusted by the growth temperature over the range of 600~800°C. There is no InN phase and In droplet formation in the In x ga 1-x N films due to the low-temperature advantages of reactive magnetron sputtering. The rich In composition in In x ga 1-x N films is caused by the higher sputtering yield of In 2 O 3 target than Ga 2 O 3 target. Raman scattering analysis revealed that the In x ga 1-x N films obtained at different temperatures were wurtzite structure, and the compositional inhomogeneity is caused by the relaxation of momentum conservation and increase of lattice disorder.

/pdf/structural-and-morphological-characteristics-of-inxga1-xn-z86d9mw054.pdf

Structural and Morphological Characteristics of Inxga1-xN Films Grown on SI (111) by Reactive Magnetron Sputtering

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