Characterization of a new continuous gas-mixing sulfidogenic anaerobic bioreactor: Hydrodynamics and sludge granulation.

The essential role of hydrophobic interaction within extracellular polymeric substances in auto-aggregation of P. stutzeri strain XL-2

This study investigated Cryptosporidium parvum oocyst deposition onto biofilms as a function of shear stress under laminar or turbulent flow. Annular rotating bioreactors were used to grow stabilized stream biofilms at shear stresses ranging from 0.038 to 0.46 Pa. These steady-state biofilms were then used to assess the impact of hydrodynamic conditions on C. parvum oocyst attachment. C. parvum deposition onto biofilms followed a pseudo-second-order model under both laminar (after a lag phase) and turbulent flows. The total number of oocysts attached to the biofilm at steady state decreased as the hydrodynamic wall shear stress increased. The oocyst deposition rate constant increased with shear stress but decreased at high shear, suggesting that increasing wall shear stress results in faster attachment of Cryptosporidium due to higher mass transport until the shear forces exceed a critical limit that prevents oocyst attachment. These data show that oocyst attachment in the short and long term are impacted differently by shear: higher shear (to a certain limit) may be associated with faster initial oocyst attachment, but lower shear is associated with greater numbers of oocysts attached at equilibrium.IMPORTANCE This research provides experimental evidence to demonstrate that shear stress plays a critical role in protozoan-pathogen transport and deposition in environmental waters. The data presented in this work expand scientific understanding of Cryptosporidium attachment and fate, which will further influence the development of timely and accurate sampling strategies, as well as advanced water treatment technologies, to target protozoan pathogens in surface waters that serve as municipal drinking water sources.

Role of Wall Shear Stress in Cryptosporidium parvum Oocyst Attachment to Environmental Biofilms.

Long-term effects of hydrocyclone operation on activated sludge morphology and full-scale secondary settling tank wet-weather operation in long sludge age WWTP.

Optimal hydraulic shear strength and mechanism of activated sludge floc re-growth after breakage.

Shear stress is one of the key factors in aggregation and detachment of microbial flocs, which will influence the production of Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS) as well. In this study, the components and composition of activated sludge EPS, including loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS) and tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS), were analyzed under different shear stresses. To perform this, sequencing batch reactors were set up separately with various shear stresses (represented by superficial upflow air velocity). The results show that shear stress significantly affects EPS production in the SBRs. When the superficial upflow air velocity increased from 2.3 to 9.1 m/h, the contents of total EPS, TB-EPS, and LB-EPS first increased and then decreased. The highest total EPS (70.94 mg COD/gVSS) and LB-EPS (27.96 mg COD/gVSS) contents were obtained under superficial upflow air velocity of 5.7 m/h, while the maximum TB-EPS (45.03 mg COD/gVSS) content was attained when superficial upflow air velocity rose up to 6.8 m...

The influences of shear stress on Extracellular Polymeric Substances of activated sludge

The invention discloses a magnetic fly ash ceramsite and a preparation method thereof The ceramsite is prepared by mixing and melting a certain amount of mixture and a sodium bicarbonate solution accounting for 15-30% of the weight of the mixture; wherein the mixture is prepared by mixing the following components such as fly ash, clay powder, carbon powder, and magnetic ferric oxide powder according to a mass ratio of (65-80):(15-40):(15-30):(2-15) The main raw material of the magnetic fly ash ceramsite is fly ash, which is very cheap Moreover, the pollution caused by the fly ash can be solved at the same time, the waste is converted into valuable source, and the waste is used to treat wastes The provided magnetic fly ash ceramsite has the advantages of corrosion resistance, high strength, rough surface, and fast membrane forming, and is capable of prominently improving the treatment effect on wastewater (namely the bio-degradation effect is improved)

Magnetic fly ash ceramsite and preparation method thereof

The invention discloses a sewage treatment device which comprises a water collecting pond, a treatment pond and a clean water pond which are sequentially connected, wherein the treatment pond consists of multiple layers of ecological beds, a return pond and a secondary sedimentation tank; each ecological bed is sequentially divided into a water inlet chamber, a filler chamber and a water outlet chamber, wherein the water outlet chamber of the upper ecological bed is communicated with the water inlet chamber or the secondary sedimentation tank of the lower ecological bed; a return opening is formed between the return pond and the secondary sedimentation tank; the water collecting pond is provided with an immersible pump I which pumps water in the water collecting pond to the water inlet chambers of the ecological beds by virtue of a guide pipe, the return pond is provided with an immersible pump II, the secondary sedimentation tank is provided with a immersible pump III, the immersible pump II pumps water in the return pond to the water inlet chambers of the ecological beds by virtue of a guide pipe, the immersible pump III pumps water in the secondary sedimentation tank to the clean water pond by virtue of a guide pipe, the filler chambers are provided with PVC filler, and an electronic pacemaker is arranged on the side wall of each water inlet chamber. The sewage treatment device disclosed by the invention is not only economic, energy-saving, environmentally friendly and wide in applicability, but also can be used for greatly increasing the dissolved oxygen in sewage.

Sewage treatment device

The utility model relates to a combined type biological membrane device for efficiently governing contaminated surface water The combined type biological membrane device is characterized by comprising an inlet water filter unit, a biological treatment unit, a backflow unit and a water outlet unit, wherein the inlet water filter unit comprises a grid mesh filter; the biological treatment unit consists of an anaerobic tank, an anoxic tank and an aerobic tank; beam-shaped elastic filler is arranged in the anaerobic tank and the aerobic tank; the aerobic tank is arranged in a layered manner; the adjacent layers are isolated by a waterproof hard plastic board; the height of each layer is 50cm-100cm; and spherical filler is filled in the layer; the backflow unit is composed of a stored water backflow tank and a lifting pump; and the water outlet unit is composed of a grid mesh filter and a clear water tank The combined type biological membrane device is arranged beside the contaminated surface water and used for guiding the surface water to the device, so that the outlet water achieves the standards Compared with the existing method, the combined type biological membrane device is low in operation cost, high in re-oxygenation efficiency and good in treatment effect

Combined type biological membrane device for efficiently governing contaminated surface water

The invention discloses a device for improving the yield of methane produced from kitchen waste through anaerobic digestion and a method for producing the methane, relates to the technical field of treatment on kitchen waste, and belongs to the technical field of solid waste recycling. A stirring paddle connected with a transmission shaft of an engine is arranged inside a fully-mixing reaction chamber, the outlet end of an alkaline liquor box is connected with one end of an alkaline liquor pipe, the other end of the alkaline liquor pipe is positioned at the upper end face of the fully-mixing chamber, a U-shaped pipe is serially connected onto the alkaline liquor pipe, an electromagnetic valve is arranged on the alkaline liquor pipe between the U-shaped pipe and the alkaline liquor box, a pH electrode probe and the electromagnetic valve are respectively connected with a signal processing and controlling device through a wire, a first sampling pipe, a second sampling pipe and an alkaline liquor discharging pipe are respectively arranged on the side wall of the fully-mixing reaction chamber, a water bath chamber is arranged at the periphery of the fully-mixing reaction chamber, and a recirculated water inlet pipe and a recirculated water outlet pipe are respectively arranged on the side wall of the water bath chamber. Through the device, the purposes of being simple in process and structure, high in automation degree and easy to operate, and capable of increasing the yield of the methane are achieved.

Device for improving yield of methane produced from kitchen waste through anaerobic digestion and method for producing methane

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