Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a metastasis-prone malignancy closely associated with the Epstein–Barr virus (EBV). Despite ubiquitous infection of EBV worldwide, NPC incidences displayed predominance in certain ethnic groups and endemic regions. The majority of NPC patients are diagnosed with advanced-stage disease, as a result of anatomical isolation and non-specific clinical manifestation. Over the decades, researchers have gained insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying NPC pathogenesis as a result of the interplay of EBV infection with several environmental and genetic factors. EBV-associated biomarkers were also used for mass population screening for the early detection of NPC. EBV and its encoded products also serve as potential targets for the development of therapeutic strategies and tumour-specific drug delivery. This review will discuss the pathogenic role of EBV in NPC and efforts in exploiting the potential of EBV-associated molecules as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The current knowledge on the role of EBV and its associated products in NPC tumorigenesis, development and progression will offer a new outlook and potential intervention strategy against this EBV-associated malignancy.

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The role of Epstein–Barr virus in nasopharyngeal carcinoma

OBJECTIVE:To understand dynamic change rules of probability of suffering from nasopharyngeal carcinoma(PROB)at high-risk area.METHODS:We conducted nasopharyngeal carcinoma screening for three consecutive years from 2009-07-01to 2012-08-01,and collected serology data of people who attended three consecutive EB virus serological tests.Then we caculataed PROB based on VCA/IgA,NA1/IgA,and analyzed the dynamic change rules of PROB.RESULTS:The proportion of medium-risk and high-risk people decreased from 66.72%to 40.13%,and proportion of low-risk rosed from 33.28%to 59.87%.During 2010-2011high-risk sustaining rate was 64.91%,and high-low risk conversion rate was 5.26%.Medium-high risk conversion rate was 38.64%,medium-low risk conversion rate was15.91%,and low-high risk conversion rate was 7.84%.However,During 2011and 2012,high-risk sustaining rate was34.39%,high-low risk conversion rate was 35.45%.Medium-high risk conversion rate was 9.33%,medium-low risk conversion rate was 57.33%.And the low-high risk conversion rate was 5.03%.High-risk sustaining rate,medium-high risk conversion rate and low-high risk conversion rate decreased sharply(P0.001),and high-low risk conversion rate and medium-low risk conversion rate rose(P0.001).CONCLUSION:Two years after initial screening,people with high PROB have a reduction tendency,and there is no need implementing a consecutive follow-up interval.

General Population's Probability of Suffering from Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma at High-Risk Area

To evaluate the efficiency of Epstein-Barr viral serology in detecting nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and comparing the NPC risks between serology-positive and serology-negative subjects. Immunoenzymatic titration for VCA-IgA and EA-IgA was performed in 42 048 subjects between the ages of 30 and 59. The titre of VCA-IgA,≥1/5, EA-IgA,≥1/5 was recognized as being positive. All those persons were followed up to the end of 1999. 45 NPCs were detected in the first year (45/42048, 107. 02/105). The average annual incidence of NPC in 3050 VCA-IgA-positive subjects (144.86/105) was higher than that (11.98/105) in 38 953 VCA-IgA-negative subjects during the next 12 years. 72 out of the 154 NPC patients detected were of stage-I. This reveals that EBV serology could actually detect early-stage NPCs as previously reported. Meaningfully, the NPC risk increased 12 times the VCA-IgA-negative subjects in the VCA-IgA-positive subjects after the first-turn serological screening. The 5-year and 10-year survival rates of stage-I NPC patients (81.25%, 67.39% respectively) were both significantly higher than those of the stage-II A stage-II B and stage-III patients (60.32%, 26.67% respectively) after radiotherapy.

A follow-up survey of 42 048 subjects tested with Epstein-Barr viral serology in a high-incidence area of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

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A follow-up survey of 42 048 subjects tested with Epstein-Barr viral serology in a high-incidence area of nasopharyngeal carcinoma